3. Past Politics and the Politics of the Past: Ancient History I

1993 ◽  
pp. 99-151
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
T. Zh. Yeginbayeva ◽  

Global processes in the musical culture of Kazakhstan are the result of the numerous events that have taken place in the country over the past 20 years. The independence of the state has become a key factor that has had a decisive impact on the economic, socio-political and cultural development of the country. We have entered a new life, which has a rich cultural heritage and was carefully preserved by our ancestors. One of the proofs is the history of Kazakh kobyz art from ancient times to the present day. Modern kobyz art is closely connected with ancient history and has a rich natural tendency for new development, based on centuries of experience. Therefore, kobyz music of the XXth–XXIst centuries absorbed the traditions of European genres and styles, and is widely used in mass music, in various directions of ethnorock, art-rock, folk and others. Two lines of development of music for kobyz and music on kobyz existed in ancient times and nowadays. From here comes the divergence of creative direction among modern composers and in ensemble performance.


Author(s):  
Jolyon Mitchell ◽  
Joshua Rey

War and Religion: A Very Short Introduction traces the history of religion and war. Is religion a force for war or a force for peace? From the crusades to Sri Lanka's civil war, religion has been involved in some of the most terrible wars in history. Yet from the Mahabharata to just war theory, religion has also provided ethical frameworks to moderate war, while some of the bravest pacifists have been deeply religious people. Ranging from ancient history to modern day conflicts, this VSI offers a nuanced view on these issues that have had such weight in the past, and which continue to shape the present and future.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Marjona Akhmadovna Radjabova ◽  

Abstract. The following article discusses the role of onomastic components in phraseological units and their meaning as well as giving a classification of onomastic components in phraseological units based on the materials of different structural languages. Through examples the author proves that the presence of names in the ancient rich phraseological layer of non-fraternal English, Russian and Uzbek languages is related to the national and cultural values, customs, ancient history, folklore and daily life of the peoples who speak this language. Besides, in the process of study of onomastic components it is also determined that names, along with forming their national character, are a factor giving information about the past of a particular nation. Background. In the world linguistics there have been carried out a series of researches in the field of the study of phraseological units with onomastic components in comparative-typological aspect revaling their national and cultural peculiarities, analyzing and classifying their content structurally and semantically


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-386
Author(s):  
Katie Johnston-Goodstar

Drawing on scientific theories of racial supremacy and efforts by Western nations to develop uncivilized races, preeminent psychologist G. Stanley Hall proposed that the bio-psychological development of children recapitulated the ancient history of mankind. Utilizing Hall’s theory, US youth organizations designed programs for young people to engage corresponding sociological stages. Using archival sources, I document how Hall’s theory, and the “playing Indian” programs established from it, secured settler colonialism by marginalizing Indigenous cultures, governance, laws and ideologies and positioning tribal societies as primitive and childlike relics of the past destined to be replaced by modern man and nation. I then introduce the specter of recapitulation and how these ideas continue to harm Indigenous communities, and exponentially harm Indigenous youth. Finally, using Ermine’s concept of ethical space, I conclude by exploring the space between knowledge systems about youth and presenting possibilities for decolonizing youth development and reimagining youthwork supportive of Indigenous youth futures.


Journalism ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 146488491987032
Author(s):  
Miki Tanikawa

Drawing mainly on cultural theories, this article probed the ‘myth’ in the news (international) using a combined quantitative and qualitative approach for investigation with a goal of revealing common characteristics of articles that revolve around a mythical image of a foreign culture, or a national cultural stereotype. Three major newspapers from three different regions of the world, the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan, were content analyzed and found that articles that pivot on well-known foreign cultural stereotypes invoke one of three types of theme/content: a well-known point of ancient history, a media myth built over decades, or a ‘lived’ experience of the audience. In essence, articles that utilize foreign myth are characterized by the technique of ‘historicizing’ the subject matter. They portray the culture as being embedded in history, tradition, and inertia indicating to readers that the foreign country – and collectively the world outside – has remained the same and stagnant culturally in the process stereotyping foreign societies as the Other. This article discusses the intersection of myth and national cultural stereotypes, using the concept, ‘the culture peg’ as a bridging notion that allows for a measure of quantitative method of investigation.


1937 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
G. W. Richardson

In an important paper contributed several years ago to this Journal1 Dr. Tarn presented an interpretation of the Battle of Actium radically different from that which had held the field for the past generation—namely that of the late Professor Kromayer. The paper was brilliantly and authoritatively written, and its chief conclusions appear to have been accepted by some scholars. They were subsequently embodied by Tarn in his section on Actium in the Cambridge Ancient History. Kromayer, however, was unconvinced, and in a reply published in Hermes maintained his original thesis and strongly criticised Tarn's. It seems presumptuous to enter the lists after the veteran scholar has made his own defence; but the question is an important one, and something perhaps remains to be said.


Author(s):  
S. В. Krikh ◽  

The article discusses the features of the genesis and functioning of a special type of historical narrative in Soviet scholarship, which gained particular strength in the 1930s and gradually exhausted by the late 1940s. For convenience of characterization, the author focuses on Soviet works about ancient history and analyzes the main attitudes of their authors (“old” Marxists, scholars who coverted to Marxism, and the Soviet generation of historians), and the reasons and features of their appeal to the genre of historical and journalistic narratives about the past eras. This type of narrative is therefore associated with the formation and flowering of the Stalinist regime. The changes of the 1930s are all the more remarkable as we can compare the style of historians who wrote before and after this time. Using the examples of A. Tyumenev or B. Bogaevsky, the reader can see how respectful and loyal attitude to foreign scholarship was replaced by loud criticism of the limitations of “bourgeois” historians, in whose works Soviet historians certainly found features of “reactionary”. On the example of the books by N.I. Nedelsky and A.V. Mishulin, the author shows how historians who did not engage in scholarship before the revolution took the same path. In conclusion, the author gives the general characteristics of the genre, as well as an explanation of why it was doomed to gradual self-exhaustion, not only because it depended on external (political) but also because it was influenced by internal reasons.


Author(s):  
Claudia Lambrugo

This chapter addresses three interconnected topics, beginning with a short overview of the archaeology of children and childhood in Italy, explaining how and why the Italian contribution to the topic has been very recent. The chapter then moves on to explore the relationship between modern children, Italian scholars of ancient history of art and archaeology, and museums; it notes that for a very long time Italian universities and museums have not been interested in developing didactic archaeology at all, especially when the spectators were children, whether of pre-school or older age. Finally, returning to children in the past, two noteworthy case studies of the presentation of ancient children at exhibitions are illustrated as an interesting point of convergence between current archaeological studies in Italy on childhood in the ancient world, and the newly generated need to communicate to the general public the result of research works.


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