MIGRATION OF FOREIGN WORKERS INTO SOUTH KOREA: From Periphery to Semi-Periphery in the Global Labor Market

Asian Survey ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang-Bae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Wage Increase ◽  
Labor Shortage ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Global Labor Market ◽  
The Government

Abstract The rapid wage increase and labor shortage since the late 1980s in South Korea forced the government to allow the employment of workers from numerous Asian countries. However, unforeseen problems arose when many foreign workers remained illegally, and growing awareness of their plight raised social and human rights concerns.

scholarly journals Requirements to Improve Law on Management of Foreign Workers in Vietnam in The Context of Globalization

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Huong Giang
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Global Labor Market ◽  
Asian Survey

Nowadays, immigration for employment becomes the basic element of the era of globalization. In front of this situation, each country has a legal framework to regulate foreign workers. This article shows the requirements to overcome the limitations and proposes the recommendations to improve the current law on managing foreign workers in Vietnam. Keywords: Foreign workers, law on management of foreign workers, requirements, and globalization. References: [1] Bộ luật Lao động năm 2012; Khoản 1 Điều 170.[2] Bộ luật Tố tụng dân sự năm 2015, Khoản 1 Điều 209.[3] Các Hiệp định thương mại Việt Nam đã ký kết quá trình và lợi thế, nguồn:https://www.geskualalumpur2013.org/ngoai-giao/cac-hiep-dinh-thuong-mai-viet-nam-da-ky-ket-qua-trinh-va-loi-the/, truy cập ngày 10/11/2018.[4] GT.TSKH. Đào Trí Úc, Bàn về lập hiến, nguồn: http://quochoi.vn/tulieuquochoi/anpham/Pages/anpham.aspx?AnPhamItemID=23, truy cập ngày 9/4/2019. [5] Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội - Khoa Luật, Quyền của người nước ngoài, NXB. Chính trị Quốc gia Sự thật, (2018), 115.[6] TS. Đặng Minh Tuấn, Mối quan hệ giữa pháp luật quốc tế và pháp luật quốc gia: Nhìn từ góc độ hiến pháp trên thế giới và một số gợi mở cho Việt Nam, nguồn: https://hienphap.wordpress.com/2013/07/23/moi-quan-he-giua-phap-luat-quoc-te-va-phap-luat-quoc-gia-nhin-tu-goc-do-hien-phap-tren-the-gioi-va-mot-so-goi-mo-cho-viet-nam-dang-minh-tuan/, truy cập ngày 9/4/2019.[7] Nghị định 11/2016/NĐ-CP ngày 03/02/2016 quy định chi tiết thi hành một số điều của Bộ luật Lao động về lao động nước ngoài làm việc tại Việt Nam; Điều 20.[8] Nghị định 140/2018/NĐ-CP ngày 08/10/2018 về sửa đổi, bổ sung các Nghị định liên quan đến điều kiện đầu tư kinh doanh, thủ tục hành chính thuộc phạm vi quản lý nhà nước của Bộ Lao động -Thương binh và Xã hội; Khoản 8 Điều 11.[9] TS. Nguyễn Thị Lan Hương, Vấn đề lao động người nước ngoài ở Việt Nam trong thời kỳ hội nhập quốc tế, Đề tài cấp Nhà nước, mã số KX.02.01/11-15, Viện Khoa học Lao động và Xã hội, (2014), 13.[10] OECD, OECD Economic Surveys: Korea, (2018), 38. [11] Phạm Quý Thọ, Thị trường lao động Việt Nam - Thực trạng và các giải pháp phát triển, Nxb. Lao động - xã hội, Hà Nội, (2003), 10.[12] Thị trường lao động Việt Nam đối mặt nhiều thách thức trong tiến trình hội nhập, nguồn: http://dangcongsan.vn/xa-hoi/thi-truong-lao-dong-viet-nam-doi-mat-nhieu-thach-thuc-trong-tien-trinh-hoi-nhap-468083.html, truy cập ngày 27/12/2017. [13] Trường Đại học Luật Hà Nội, Bộ LĐTB&XH, Kỷ yếu hội thảo khoa học “Chính sách, pháp luật ASEAN về lao động và các vấn đề xã hội - tính tương thích của pháp luật Việt Nam” ngày 1/12 tại Hà Nội, (2016), 25-40.[14] Wang-Bae Kim, Migration of Foreign Workers into South Korea: From Periphery to Semi-Periphery in the Global Labor Market, Vol.44, No. 2 Asian Survey, (2004), 317.  

The Employment of Foreign Labor in Japan

1991 ◽  
Vol 513 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARUO SHIMADA
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Immigration Control ◽  
Foreign Labor ◽  
The Government

The problems of foreign labor in Japan have become increasingly serious economically, politically, and socially in recent years. In response to increasing labor shortages and high wages in Japan, ever larger numbers of foreign workers are entering Japan and illegally engaging in unskilled work under poor working conditions. The amended law of immigration control was put into effect on 1 June 1990, strictly prohibiting the entrance of foreigners for unauthorized work while opening doors more widely for highly skilled and knowledgeable workers. This article first briefly reviews the recent penetration of the Japanese labor market by foreign workers and then discusses potential merits of international migration of workers as well as likely demerits or dangers associated with the spontaneous influx of foreign workers into Japan under the current institutional and social conditions. The article finally proposes a large-scale work and learn program jointly administered by the government and private sector as a policy remedy to maximize the merits, and to minimize the demerits, of accepting foreign workers.

The Maldives

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-198
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Ross ◽  
Todd M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
South India ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Islamic Identity ◽  
Political Freedoms ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Church

The Maldives comprises 1,190 coral atolls lying in the India Ocean to the south-west of India and Sri Lanka. the overwhelming majority of the population is Muslim, with Islam dating back to the twelfth Century. Government policy places a high premium on the Islamic identity of the country, and conversion to Christianity is punishable by loss of citizenship and, allegedly, torture. Foreign workers are legally permitted to express their faith, but only privately in their homes when no Maldives citizens are present. Catholics (mainly Filipinos), the Church of South India, the Evangelical Mennonite Church and the Seventh-day Adventists have a small and low-key presence in the country. The number of Christian believers among the indigenous population is thought to be very low, and they are obliged to observe their faith under conditions of utmost secrecy. Criticism of its record on human rights and political freedoms led the government to announce in October 2016 that it will leave the Commonwealth.

Global Exposure and Openness: Comparative Analysis of Japan, South Korea and Taiwan

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chang Tsai ◽  
Noriko Iwai
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Socio Economic Variables

Abstract This empirical study investigates the phenomenon of global mobility and networking at a quotidian level. A typology of global experience is constructed to characterize the qualitative distinctions among individuals’ involvement in global flows. Derived from our understanding of individual border-crossing mobility and transnational relationships, we propose a system of four contrasts: the “global exposed,” “global surfer,” “networked,” and the “local.” Using East Asian Social Survey data, our empirical study compares three Asian countries. It is found that Japan produces more global surfers while Taiwan and South Korea produce more of the global exposed. Locals, however, still account for a large share of the population in all three countries. This study further investigates global exposure as a class-stratified phenomenon by modeling it on various socio-economic variables as well as on speaking English as a form of cultural capital. A multinomial logistic regression analysis shows that the “global exposed” group represents a very select population with rich resources and capital. Despite this notable difference – or perhaps because of it – they, as well as the globally networked, are found to be more likely to accept the increase in foreign workers, imports, and foreign cultural artifacts than are locals and global surfers.

Does gender matter for the unemployment hysteresis effect among Asian countries?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-Zheng Li ◽  
Chi Wei Su ◽  
Ran Tao
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Hysteresis Effect ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government

PurposeThis study aims to examine the unemployment hysteresis effects from the perspective of the heterogeneity of genders within Asian countries.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use the annual unemployment rate dataset of 12 Asian countries ranging from 1991–2020. Traditional unit root tests are initially employed to investigate the unemployment hysteresis effect. Considering the structural break and cross-section dependence problems, the sequential panel selection method (SPSM) and the Kapetanios–Snell–Shin (KSS) panel unit root test with Fourier functions have proven to be more applicable.FindingsThe empirical results indicate that the unemployment rate is stationary in most Asian regions for both females and males, which confirms the mean reversion process of the natural unemployment hypothesis. This suggests that these countries' unemployment rates are flexible to quickly revert to its long-run equilibrium determined by the labor markets. However, only the female unemployment rate in Pakistan and Nepal and adult female unemployment rates in these two economies present non-stationary series. In line with the unemployment hysteresis effect, it means shocks will leave a permanent impact on their labor market.Practical implicationsOn the one hand, in most of the Asian countries, it can be inferred that the trade-off between inflation and unemployment is temporary because the natural unemployment hypothesis holds. Therefore, policymakers may consider using monetary policy as a tool to control inflation and stimulate growth during a recession. Such policy measures should not have a long-run impact on unemployment or cause a permanent shift in the natural unemployment rate. On the other hand, the government should implement active labor protective programs such as education or training schemes, job search assistance programs and maternity protection, especially for female adults, to reduce the negative shocks in the economic downturn, which is beneficial for them away from being long-term unemployed. It is also necessary to improve the labor unions to reduce the discrimination between female and male labors.Originality/valueThis paper innovatively concentrates on the heterogeneity performances between genders about the unemployment hysteresis effect within Asian countries. Furthermore, taking into account the age-specific characteristics, the youth and adult unemployment rates have been investigated. Additionally, the approximation of bootstrap distribution and the advanced panel KSS unit root test with a Fourier function are employed. Thereby, targeted policies for the government can be applied to reduce the discrimination and negative shocks on female adults in the labor market.

scholarly journals Are Temporary Foreign Workers Filling only Labor Shortages? The Case of Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique M. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Foreign Worker ◽  
Domestic Workers ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Temporary Foreign Workers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Market Test ◽  
Term Labor ◽  
Clear Information

A temporary foreign worker (TFW) program is meant to fill short-term labor shortages and, constraints are imposed on employers for resident workers not to be affected in getting jobs. Often, employers consider that such a program imposes time-consuming administrative barriers and they pressure the government to obtain easier and faster access to TFWs. The Canadian policy was modified in two Western provinces from a required high time-consuming labor market test for all occupations to prove labor shortages to an immediate hiring of TFWs for occupations in a given list. Using DDD, it is tested whether priority to local workers was ensured under the new program. The analysis shows that much faster access to TFWs accelerated rises in unemployment in some high- and low-skill occupations and, impacts were quite different across the two provinces and industries. Thus, some domestic workers have been negatively affected. The main cause was a lack of clear information about local occupational labor shortages and political supports to employers for cheaper labor.

scholarly journals Chinese Silk Road and Indonesian Maritime Axis Harmony in The Sovereign Law Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e31891296
Author(s):  
Faruq Ansori ◽  
Zhang Guo Ping ◽  
Melda Ria Juwita
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Abuse Of Power ◽  
Bilateral Agreements ◽  
Ethnic Chinese ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Chinese Companies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rights Issues

This study aimed to know the implication of legal sovereignty in bilateral agreements as the intersection consequences of the political economy interests of the Chinese Silk Road and Maritime Axis of Indonesia. Also aimed to explain other further issues in bilateral relations between Indonesia and China, such as; effort in enorcing legal equality, provisions regulate effort to avoid abuse of power, rules on environmental issues, human rights regulation, also regulations in international matters. This study used descriptive qualitative as the methodology. The results showed that the choice of Chinese companies in the Jakarta-Bandung fast train project was purely an economic consideration, the government seems passive in responding to the surge in the number of foreign workers, especially China, which is not accompanied by the local labor absorption, several ethnic Chinese companies are still indicated to pollute the environment, the Government is still cautious in addressing human rights issues in Uyghur, the government is firm about violating illegal fishing of foreign and independent vessels in the dispute over the South China Sea.

Overseas Foreign Workers in Israel: Policy Aims and Labor Market Outcomes

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shmuel Amir
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Political Pressure ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Israeli Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Israeli Economy

The declared aim of the Israeli government, since 1996, was to reduce radically the presence in Israel of foreign overseas workers within five years. This aim has not been achieved due to a counteracting policy: yielding to strong political pressure, the government introduced regulations that virtually indentured legal overseas foreign workers indefinitely to their employers. This depressed their wages and transformed their employment into a source of easy gains, greatly increasing the demand for them and encouraging legal workers to turn illegal. As a result, their numbers have not declined significantly, even though the Israeli economy has been on a downtrend, most of the time, since 1997.

scholarly journals Comparison Analysis of Developmentalism in Globalization Era: Indonesia Joko Widodo’s Presidency (2014-2019) and South Korea Moon Jae-In Presidency (2017-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Darynaufal Mulyaman ◽  
Achmad Ismail ◽  
Nadya Carollina ◽  
Morry Zefanya
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Political Context ◽  
New Order ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
South Korean ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

In the globalized age, freedom in capital and workforce movement, self expression, and information openness become vital, including in Asian countries like Indonesia and South Korea. Thus innovation and creativity have become an important key in recent eras. New kinds of innovation and creativity that are established by Asian countries sometimes are nostalgic policies by the previous regime of the government. Therefore, Indonesia still comes up with a kind of centralistic governance and planning with a twist of free and liberal market policy, a developmental style of New Order governance to some extent. Hence, why is developmentalism in Indonesia still relevant? Even when there are shifts in the regimes and globalization process of the world. This paper argues that the policy series that has been initiated in Indonesia under President Joko Widodo is still part of developmentalism because of the historical and political context in a broader sense on developmentalism, therefore still relevant in Indonesia. This paper also uses the South Korean case of current policy under President Moon Jae-In to compare and assign Indonesian developmentalism relevancy as South Korea can be seen as one of the successful examples of developmentalism yet liberal country.

Interview with Omar Shakir

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Noura Erakat
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Committee Member ◽  
Editorial Committee ◽  
Rutgers University ◽  
Human Rights Advocacy ◽  
University Professor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Israeli Supreme Court

In late November 2019, the Israeli Supreme Court upheld the Ministry of Interior's order to deport Human Rights Watch (HRW) director for Israel and Palestine, Omar Shakir. The court based its decision on a 2017 amendment to Israel's 1952 Entry into Israel Law enabling the government to refuse entry to foreigners who allegedly advocate for the boycott of Israel. The same law was invoked to deny entry to U.S. congresswomen Rashida Tlaib and Ilhan Omar in the summer of 2019. The campaign against Shakir began almost immediately after he was hired by HRW in 2016, and the court's decision marked the culmination of a multi-year battle against the deportation order. In this interview, JPS Editorial Committee member, Rutgers University professor, and author Noura Erakat discusses the details of his case with Shakir in an exchange that also examines the implications of the case for human rights advocacy, in general, and for Palestinians, in particular. The interview was edited for length and clarity.

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