A Common Cause Emerges for Mexican American and Black Organizers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. García
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Segregated Schools ◽  
Labor Practices ◽  
Ventura County ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Community Service Organization

This chapter analyzes the increasing demographic presence of Mexican Americans and Blacks in the decades after World War II and the collective actions taken by these communities to challenge disparate material conditions and treatment in the growing city. It discusses the formation of two groups, the Oxnard–Ventura County Branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the Ventura County Chapter of the Community Service Organization, and follows the convergence of their efforts in 1963, when they mobilized a common cause for school desegregation. In parallel and shared efforts, these neighbors contested unfair labor practices, inferior housing conditions, mistreatment by police, and unequal, racially segregated schools.

Generations of Segregation

2019 ◽  
pp. 210-241
Author(s):  
George J. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
American Citizenship ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Film Making ◽  
The City

Los Angeles was built by immigrants from the U.S. South, Asia, and especially Mexico. After 1900 the city grew as a rail terminus, Pacific port, and tourist destination. It became a focus of film making and petroleum production, and developed booming defense industries during World War II and the Cold War. Marketed as the city of dreams, continuing immigration made it increasingly Mexican while Mexicans faced residential segregation that constrained educational chances, economic opportunities, and political participation. Fragmented urban administration allowed Realty Boards and County officials to limit Mexican-American (and African-American) citizenship despite national civil rights policies promoting integration and participation. When defense, energy, and other industries declined in the turn to globalization, African American (1973-93) and Mexican American (2005-13) mayors offered images of opening while enduring segregation constrained education, employment, and life opportunities for Mexican-Americans and African Americans. New immigrants from Mexico, Central America and beyond faced lives of marginality.

Red, White, and Blue and Mexican

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-88
Author(s):  
Deborah E. Kanter
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Hybrid Identity ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
New Mexican ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scene

In the 1940s a new Mexican American generation emerged. The children of immigrants grew up as Chicagoans, attending ethnically diverse schools and living in mixed neighborhoods. The parish anchored the community, and children grew up with a positive grounding in Mexican and US Catholic traditions. This chapter explores how they experienced World War II on the home front and as soldiers stationed all over the world. The parish newspaper vividly illustrates Chicago Mexican Americans’ talents and passions, especially in the realms of music, movies, and parish sports teams for women and men. A new parish gymnasium became the center of a lively social scene. These young people lived at ease with their hybrid identity: Mexican, American, and Catholic.

El Sueño Americano? The Generational Progress of Mexican Americans Prior to World War II

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 961-995
Author(s):  
Edward Kosack ◽  
Zachary Ward
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
World War ◽  
Slow Convergence ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Over Time

We present new estimates of the outcomes of first-generation Mexicans and their descendants between 1880 and 1940. We find zero convergence of the economic gap between Mexicans and non-Mexican whites across three generations. The great-grandchildren of immigrants also had fewer years of education. Slow convergence is not simply due to an inheritance of poverty; rather, Mexican Americans had worse outcomes conditional on the father’s economic status. However, the gap between third-generation Mexican Americans and non-Mexican whites is about half the size today as it was in 1940, suggesting that barriers to Mexican American progress have significantly decreased over time.

An ORBIT Phase 1: Design study of a citywide employer-based walking challenges in a predominantly Mexican American metropolitan area

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532097765
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Salinas ◽  
Roy Valenzuela ◽  
Jon Sheen ◽  
Malcolm Carlyle ◽  
Jennifer Gay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
Obesity Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
Orbit Model ◽  
Activity Recommendations

Most Mexican-Americans do not meet current physical activity recommendations. This paper uses the ORBIT model of obesity intervention development as a framework to outline the process of establishing three employer-based walking challenges in El Paso, Texas, a predominantly Mexican American community. The walking challenges were planned and implemented through the Border Coalition for Fitness and participating partnering organizations. Over 2000 participants and several employers took part in the walking challenges. Results from this ORBIT Phase 1 design intervention suggest that walking challenges are a feasible approach to increase physical activity in Mexican-Americans.

Mexican Americans and World War II (review)

2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
Jaime Ramón. Olivares
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
World War

Measuring Attitudes and Health Beliefs Among Mexican Americans With Diabetes

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terri Schwab ◽  
Julie Meyer ◽  
Rosa Merrell
Keyword(s):  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Belief Model

Adherence to the treatment regimen for patients with diabetes is of major concern to healthcare practitioners, particularly when dealing with the high-risk, low-income, Mexican-American population. Assessing the attitudes and beliefs of this group is vital for planning effective and realistic intervention strategies. Therefore, we designed a culturally sensitive instrument to measure health beliefs and attitudes of low-income Mexican Americans with diabetes. The Health Belief Model (HBM) was used as a basis for this study because it is well accepted as a predictor of health-related behaviors. However, we found that the HBM was not an effective tool for assessing the health beliefs or attitudes of this patient population even after rigorous efforts to operationalize the HBM and after conducting extensive statistical analyses. Only two of the five subscales of the traditional HBM, barriers and benefits, were reliable. Scales to measure acculturation and fatalism were added to increase the cultural sensitivity of the tool. These added components were found to be an important variable in interpreting the results for low-income Mexican-American patients.

The Ambivalent Minority: Mexican Americans and the Voting Rights Act

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Skerry
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Voting Rights Act ◽  
News Magazine ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Rich History

In the countless conversations about U.S. immigration policy that I have had with Mexican Americans of varied backgrounds and political orientations, seldom have my interlocutors failed to remind me that “We were here first,” or that “This was our land and you stole it from us.” Even a moderate Mexican American politician like former San Antonio Mayor Henry Cisneros sounds the same theme in a national news magazine:It is no accident that these regions have the names they do—Los Angeles, San Francisco, Colorado, Montana.…It is a rich history that Americans have been led to believe is an immigrant story when, in fact, the people who built this area in the first place were Hispanics.

scholarly journals Ethnic Attrition and the Observed Health of Later-Generation Mexican Americans

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisca Antman ◽  
Brian Duncan ◽  
Stephen J. Trejo
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Subjective Measures ◽  
Almost All

Numerous studies find that U.S.-born Hispanics differ significantly from non-Hispanic whites on important measures of human capital, including health. Nevertheless, almost all studies rely on subjective measures of ethnic self-identification to identify immigrants' U.S.-born descendants. This can lead to bias due to “ethnic attrition,” which occurs whenever a U.S.-born descendant of a Hispanic immigrant fails to self-identify as Hispanic. This paper shows that Mexican American ethnic attritors are generally more likely to display health outcomes closer to those of non-Hispanic whites. This biases conventional estimates of Mexican American health away from suggesting patterns of assimilation and convergence with non-Hispanic whites.

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