Rhymin’ to (Re)Discover One’s Africanité

This paper analyzes the presence and influence of Africa in French hip-hop music over time, giving particular emphasis to recent years where the continent has motivated deeper connections and more meaningful manifestations of one’s heritage culture in songs and video presentations by popular artists. Contemporary rappers in France have been linguistically and stylistically shifting their sounds away from trends present in the United States as they increasingly focus their attention toward the African continent as a way to celebrate the duality of their bicultural identity. This international and transnational musical alteration of their sound toward Africa provides them and their fans much needed comfort against the marginalization that they face at home in France. Thus, these contemporary thematic types of transnational musical shout-outs to the African continent provide rappers and their consumers hailing from ethnocultural communities a means in which to confront the racism and exclusion they face in a country where youths of color are frequently viewed with suspicion and where issues relating their unique diverse social constructs are routinely ignored or dismissed by the French State.

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Jay-Z and O.J.: Sport and the Performance of Race in Hip-Hop Music

Sociology of Sport Journal ◽

10.1123/ssj.2020-0053 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 192-206

Author(s):

Kellen Jamil Northcutt ◽

Kayla Henderson ◽

Kaylee Chicoski

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Critical Race Theory ◽

Hip Hop ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

Black Americans ◽

The United States ◽

Video Data ◽

Hip Hop Music ◽

Jay Z ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this study was to understand the symbolic messaging in hip-hop music as it relates to the lived experiences and realities of Black Americans in the United States. The study examined the song and music video titled “The Story of O.J.,” by hip-hop artist Jay-Z to gain a better understanding of how Jay-Z interpreted the impact of Black Americans’ lived experiences in the United States on their identity and ability to progress economically and socially, regardless of social standing, within subcultures such as sport. Employing a content analysis method, data were collected and analyzed using critical race theory. The results of the analysis of lyrical and video data identified three major themes: (a) battle with Blackness, (b) economic enslavement and financial freedom, and (c) systematic subjugation.

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Yard-hip hopping -- Reggae and hip hop music : commercialized constructions of blackness and gender identity in Jamaica and the United States, 1980-2004

10.25148/etd.fi14051860 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

La Tasha Amelia Brown

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Gender Identity ◽

Hip Hop ◽

The United States ◽

Hip Hop Music ◽

And Gender

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Hip-Hop Music and Social Identity - An Analysis on the Construction of Jim Smith in the Movie ‘8 Mile’

Asian Journal of Social Science Studies ◽

10.20849/ajsss.v6i4.952 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Yi Wang

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Hip Hop ◽

Rap Music ◽

Lower Class ◽

The United States ◽

The World ◽

Hip Hop Music ◽

American Society ◽

Sharp Criticism ◽

The U.S

When it comes to American hip-hop music and rap music, people always think of the African American singers in loose clothes, the flashing lights on the dirty stage, all kinds of alcohol and cigarettes, as well as many drunken scenes. However, such a familiar scene is indeed an authentic portrayal of the United States. If you have heard about hip hop music, it is not difficult to find that many hip-hop lyrics are often full of dirty abuse, cold ridicule and sharp criticism. In a sense, hip hop music and rap music can be considered a kind of 'voice resistance' from the lower class of American society. However, it has not changed their current situation, and hip hop music and rap music are still regarded as inappropriate for children and teenagers. It is noteworthy that in recent years, with the popularity of hip-hop music, people from all over the world have gradually paid attention to this unique music style. At the same time, more and more people from the lower class of the United States are also be concerned by the U.S. government.

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An Analysis of Fraudulent Qui Tam Actions Over Time in the United States

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.992988 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Karen A. Fitzner ◽

Charlie Bennett ◽

June McKoy ◽

Cara Tigue

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Over Time

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The New Economic Populism and the Future of Inequality in the United States

10.1093/oso/9780190671013.003.0008 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

William W. Franko ◽

Christopher Witko

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Federal Government ◽

Labor Unions ◽

Republican Party ◽

The United States ◽

The Public ◽

Empirical Results ◽

Income Disparities ◽

The Face ◽

Over Time

The authors conclude the book by recapping their arguments and empirical results, and discussing the possibilities for the “new economic populism” to promote egalitarian economic outcomes in the face of continuing gridlock and the dominance of Washington, DC’s policymaking institutions by business and the wealthy, and a conservative Republican Party. Many states are actually addressing inequality now, and these policies are working. Admittedly, many states also continue to embrace the policies that have contributed to growing inequality, such as tax cuts for the wealthy or attempting to weaken labor unions. But as the public grows more concerned about inequality, the authors argue, policies that help to address these income disparities will become more popular, and policies that exacerbate inequality will become less so. Over time, if history is a guide, more egalitarian policies will spread across the states, and ultimately to the federal government.

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Thirty-Day Laboratory-Based Surveillance for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1086/675602 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 423-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Edwin C. Pereira ◽

Kristin M. Shaw ◽

Paula M. Snippes Vagnone ◽

Jane E. Harper ◽

Alexander J. Kallen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

The United States ◽

Carbapenem Resistant ◽

Over Time ◽

Carbapenem Resistant Enterobacteriaceae

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a growing problem in the United States. We explored the feasibility of active laboratory-based surveillance of CRE in a metropolitan area not previously considered to be an area of CRE endemicity. We provide a framework to address CRE surveillance and to monitor changes in the incidence of CRE infection over time.

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Revealing the spatial shifting pattern of COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-87902-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Di Zhu ◽

Xinyue Ye ◽

Steven Manson

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Long Range ◽

Network Optimization ◽

Network Modeling ◽

The United States ◽

Standard Series ◽

Time And Space ◽

Long Range Interactions ◽

Dynamic Relationships ◽

Over Time

AbstractWe describe the use of network modeling to capture the shifting spatiotemporal nature of the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common approach to tracking COVID-19 cases over time and space is to examine a series of maps that provide snapshots of the pandemic. A series of snapshots can convey the spatial nature of cases but often rely on subjective interpretation to assess how the pandemic is shifting in severity through time and space. We present a novel application of network optimization to a standard series of snapshots to better reveal how the spatial centres of the pandemic shifted spatially over time in the mainland United States under a mix of interventions. We find a global spatial shifting pattern with stable pandemic centres and both local and long-range interactions. Metrics derived from the daily nature of spatial shifts are introduced to help evaluate the pandemic situation at regional scales. We also highlight the value of reviewing pandemics through local spatial shifts to uncover dynamic relationships among and within regions, such as spillover and concentration among states. This new way of examining the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of network-based spatial shifts offers new story lines in understanding how the pandemic spread in geography.

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