Gender at the Border: Global Responses to Gender-Diverse Subjectivities and Nonbinary Registration Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Quinan ◽  
Nina Bresser
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Nonbinary Gender ◽  
Binary Options ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year ◽  
Media And Communication

Respect for transgender rights broadly and recognition of nonbinary gender specifically have given rise to global legislative and policy-level reforms that purport to rectify discrimination faced by transgender and gender-diverse populations when traveling or migrating. In several countries, for example, the binary options “male” and “female” have been extended to include other possibilities in legal and travel documents, such as X, third gender, indeterminate, and unspecified. Drawing on qualitative data gathered from an online survey conducted over a period of one year, this article homes in on this phenomenon, asking how existing and expanding options for gender in passports could impact transgender and gender-diverse people’s ability to cross international borders. The article’s findings highlight how current border-security structures frequently pose a challenge for those not conforming to gender norms. Our analysis reveals an intricate set of negotiations and tensions, and elucidates the complex dynamics between macro-level practices of power and micro-level articulations of resistance that might interrupt the normative functions of law. This article also shows how existing and alternative options can be taken up in transformative ways that can be used to subvert otherwise restrictive policies. This article is part of the special issue “Media, Migration, and Nationalism” of the journal Global Perspectives, Media and Communication, guest-edited by Koen Leurs and Tomohisa Hirata.

The Co-Occurrence of Autism and Gender Diversity

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Jill C. Fodstad ◽  
Rebecca Elias ◽  
Shivali Sarawgi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Dysphoria ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Nonbinary Gender ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Gender

Gender diversity refers to gender expressions and/or gender identity experiences that vary from the common experiences of gender. Gender-diverse people may be gender nonconforming, gender nonbinary, gender fluid, gender exploring, transgender, and so forth. Some gender-diverse individuals experience gender dysphoria and/or gender incongruence and may require gender-affirming supports, including gender-affirming medical interventions. The co-occurrence of autism and gender diversity has been highlighted in a series of studies internationally as well as through rich community expressions. Studies in gender-referred individuals reveal high rates of autism traits as well as high rates of existing autism diagnoses. Studies in autistic populations reveal greater gender diversity characteristics. The long-term course of gender diversity in autistic individuals is poorly understood. Clinical guidelines have been developed for adolescents with the co-occurrence, but much work remains: No gender-related measures have been developed and tested for use in neurodiverse populations, no programs exist to support gender-diverse neurodiverse adults, and little is known about co-occurring mental health profiles, risks, or protective factors for people with the co-occurrence. The inclusion of this chapter on co-occurring autism and gender diversity within a book on “co-occurring psychiatric conditions” is problematic, because gender diversity is not a “psychiatric condition,” but instead a form of human diversity. The diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria is useful only insomuch as it allows individuals to obtain necessary gender-related supports. The authors’ choice to include this chapter in this book reflects a compromise, motivated by the need for educating both autism and gender specialists in this common co-occurrence.

scholarly journals Health Needs of Trans and Gender Diverse Adults in Australia: A Qualitative Analysis of a National Community Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 5088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sav Zwickl ◽  
Alex Wong ◽  
Ingrid Bretherton ◽  
Max Rainier ◽  
Daria Chetcuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
And Gender

There is an increasing demand for trans and gender diverse (TGD) health services worldwide. Given the unique and diverse healthcare needs of the TGD community, best practice TGD health services should be community-led. We aimed to understand the healthcare needs of a broad group of TGD Australians, how health professionals could better support TGD people, and gain an understanding of TGD-related research priorities. An anonymous online survey received 928 eligible responses from TGD Australian adults. This paper focuses on three questions out of that survey that allowed for free-text responses. The data were qualitatively coded, and overarching themes were identified for each question. Better training for healthcare professionals and more accessible transgender healthcare were the most commonly reported healthcare needs of participants. Findings highlight a pressing need for better training for healthcare professionals in transgender healthcare. In order to meet the demand for TGD health services, more gender services are needed, and in time, mainstreaming health services in primary care will likely improve accessibility. Evaluation of training strategies and further research into optimal models of TGD care are needed; however, until further data is available, views of the TGD community should guide research priorities and the TGD health service delivery.

Correlates of in-person and technology-facilitated sexual harassment from an online survey among young Australians

Sexual Health ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin H. Douglass ◽  
Cassandra J. C. Wright ◽  
Angela C. Davis ◽  
Megan S. C. Lim
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Sexual Harassment ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Heterosexual Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
And Gender

Background Technology-facilitated sexual harassment is an emerging phenomenon. This study investigates correlates of sexual harassment among young Australians. Methods: Participants aged 15-29 were recruited for an online survey. Participants reported how often in the past year they experienced sexual harassment in person, via phone, social media and dating apps. Correlates of in-person and technology-facilitated sexual harassment were identified using logistic regression. Results: Of all participants (n = 1272, 70% female), two-thirds reported sexual harassment in person, 34% through social media and 26% via phone. Of participants who used a dating app in the past year (n = 535), 57% experienced sexual harassment. Sexual harassment in person was correlated with being female (aOR = 9.2, CI = 6.9–12.2), trans and gender diverse (aOR = 2.6, CI = 1.2–5.7) and being aged 20–24 years (aOR = 1.5, CI = 1.1–2.1). Heterosexual identity reduced the odds of sexual harassment in person (aOR = 0.7, CI = 0.5–0.9). Technology-facilitated sexual harassment was correlated with female (aOR = 3.5, CI = 2.6–4.6) and trans and gender diverse identities (aOR = 3.0, CI = 1.4–6.5). Older age [25–29 years (aOR = 0.5, CI = 0.4–0.8)] and heterosexual identity (aOR = 0.7, CI = 0.5–0.9) significantly reduced the odds of technology-facilitated sexual harassment. Conclusion: Young people identifying as female, trans and gender diverse and non-heterosexual are at risk of in-person and technology-facilitated sexual harassment. Service and technology providers, academics, and policy makers must respond with innovative strategies.

Gender-affirming services in speech-language pathology: a survey of current practices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brielle C Stark ◽  
Susan Tanney
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Knowledge Of Familiarity ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Personal Research

Purpose: To investigate speech language pathologists’ (SLP) education on, knowledge of, familiarity with, and comfort/confidence in providing services to transgender and other gender-diverse individuals. Method: N=201 SLPs were surveyed online between December 2019 and March 2020, representing practitioners in the USA, Australia, Ireland, Canada, South Africa, and Italy. Empirical data was collected using a mixed-method online survey to evaluate trends in service provision to clients across the gender spectrum.Results: Most respondents identified as cisgender, were between the ages of 26-35 or over 45, and reported having worked with at least one gender-diverse client across their clinical career. SLPs working in facilities dedicated to gender-affirmative care were more likely to have worked with a member of our demographic of interest, and were also more likely to report strong confidence in use of demographic specific terms, like “gender fluid”, “gender dysphoria”, and “gender expression”, and were more likely to report consulting outside sources (conferences, colleagues, personal research) for further information on gender-diverse populations than those working in other spaces. Most respondents indicated hearing and knowing gender-relevant terminology, with mixed agreement about confidence in using said terms in a clinical setting. When asked about feeling confident and comfortable in clinically providing services to this population, the majority indicated that they would not. Conclusions: We discuss critical implications of the work as it pertains to current SLP practices, and also recommend future directions for the field, with the goal of moving toward a field-wide practice where all areas of service delivery are gender-inclusive and gender-affirmative.

scholarly journals The Rainbow Mental Health Support Experiences Study: Summary of Findings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
Mental Health Support ◽  
Health Support ◽  
And Gender ◽  
A Current

International research shows that sex, sexuality, and gender diverse peoplearound the world experience high rates of adverse mental health outcomesas a result of stress caused by stigma, violence, and discrimination. Researchfrom Aotearoa – a country well-known for being at the forefront of socialchange – suggests that mental health disparities within rainbow communitiesreflect those seen overseas, but there is a current lack of research examiningwhether rainbow community members are receiving the support they need. This research aimed to extend current understandings of rainbow therapy experiences, in order to inform training for culturally competent mental health care in the New Zealand context. An online survey was completed by 1575 rainbow people who had accessed mental health services in Aotearoa. This report presents an overview of the survey findings.

Perceived Effectiveness of Random Testing for Alcohol and Drugs in the Australian Aviation Community

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Christina M. Rudin-Brown ◽  
Eve Mitsopoulos-Rubens ◽  
Michael G. Lenné
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Random Testing ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Student Pilots ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
One Year ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

Random testing for alcohol and other drugs (AODs) in individuals who perform safety-sensitive activities as part of their aviation role was introduced in Australia in April 2009. One year later, an online survey (N = 2,226) was conducted to investigate attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge regarding random testing and to gauge perceptions regarding its effectiveness. Private, recreational, and student pilots were less likely than industry personnel to report being aware of the requirement (86.5% versus 97.1%), to have undergone testing (76.5% versus 96.1%), and to know of others who had undergone testing (39.9% versus 84.3%), and they had more positive attitudes toward random testing than industry personnel. However, logistic regression analyses indicated that random testing is more effective at deterring AOD use among industry personnel.

Narrating Society: Enacting ‘Immigrant’ Characters through Negotiating, Naturalization, and Forgetting

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne Boersma
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Immigrant Integration ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Media And Communication

This article scrutinizes how ‘immigrant’ characters of perpetual arrival are enacted in the social scientific work of immigrant integration monitoring. Immigrant integration research produces narratives in which characters—classified in highly specific, contingent ways as ‘immigrants’—are portrayed as arriving and never as having arrived. On the basis of ethnographic fieldwork at social scientific institutions and networks in four Western European countries, this article analyzes three practices that enact the characters of arrival narratives: negotiating, naturalizing, and forgetting. First, it shows how negotiating constitutes objects of research while at the same time a process of hybridization is observed among negotiating scientific and governmental actors. Second, a naturalization process is analyzed in which slippery categories become fixed and self-evident. Third, the practice of forgetting involves the fading away of contingent and historical circumstances of the research and specifically a dispensation of ‘native’ or ‘autochthonous’ populations. Consequently, the article states how some people are considered rightful occupants of ‘society’ and others are enacted to travel an infinite road toward an occupied societal space. Moreover, it shows how enactments of arriving ‘immigrant’ characters have performative effects in racially differentiating national populations and hence in narrating society. This article is part of the Global Perspectives, Media and Communication special issue on “Media, Migration, and Nationalism,” guest-edited by Koen Leurs and Tomohisa Hirata.

Feeling Threatened by Immigrants: The Role of Ideology and Subjective Societal Status

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bollwerk ◽  
Bernd Schlipphak ◽  
Joscha Stecker ◽  
Jens Hellmann ◽  
Gerald Echterhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
Threat Perceptions ◽  
Contextual Determinants ◽  
Intergroup Conflicts ◽  
And Gender

Threat perceptions towards immigrants continue to gain importance in the context of growing international migration. To reduce associated intergroup conflicts, it is crucial to understand the personal and contextual determinants of perceived threat. In a large online survey study (N = 1,184), we investigated the effects of ideology (i.e., Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Social Dominance Orientation), subjective societal status (SSS) and their interaction effects in predicting symbolic and realistic threat perceptions towards Middle Eastern immigrants. Results showed that ideology (higher RWA and SDO) and lower SSS significantly predicted both symbolic and realistic threat, even after controlling for income, education, age, and gender. Furthermore, ideology and SSS interacted significantly in predicting realistic threat, with higher levels of SDO and RWA enhancing the effect of SSS. In the discussion, we focus on the implications of our findings with respect to understanding societal conflicts, discuss methodological limitations, and provide directions for future research.

Nonbinary Gender Identities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hegarty ◽  
Y. Gavriel Ansara ◽  
Meg-John Barker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Health Culture ◽  
Gender Binary ◽  
Nonbinary Gender ◽  
Language And Cognition ◽  
Binary Options ◽  
Gender Categories ◽  
Binary Gender

This chapter concerns nonbinary genders; identities and roles between or beyond gender categories such as the binary options ‘women and men,’ for example. We review the emerging literature on people who do not identify with such binary gender schemes, unpack the often-implicit logic of thinking about others through the lens of gender binary schemes, and briefly describe some other less-researched, but longstanding cultural gender systems which recognize nonbinary genders. This chapter makes the case that consideration of nonbinary genders is germane to several core topics in psychology including identity, mental health, culture, social norms, language, and cognition.

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