The Serenata in Early 18th––Century Rome: Sight, Sound, Ritual, and the Signification of Meaning

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 528-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEFANIE TCHAROS
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Special Effect ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Dynastic Politics ◽  
Early 18Th Century

ABSTRACT By the turn of the 18th century serenatas performed in Rome's urban squares as political or dynastic propaganda were a well-established ritual. In this public forum the effect of sound produced by large instrumental forces was a central feature, yet the serenata was a complex performance in which music was but one element in a series of other displays. Though undoubtedly an important part of the serenata, music's role in this multifaceted performance and its effect on audiences remain unclear. Part of that ambiguity stems from the serenata's ability to service both public and private consumption. Patrons exploited this dual nature, using the more spectacular elements of the serenata to influence the public at large, while also relying on other elements (primarily word and sound) to sway elite audiences. In the context of Rome and its dynastic politics, Giacomo Buonaccorsi's and Pietro Paolo Bencini's serenata Le gare festive in applauso alla Real Casa di Francia (1704) demonstrates how the serenata's dichotomous structures and multiplicity of meaning were deeply linked to larger cultural frameworks and social tensions——in this case, brewing over the War of Spanish Succession. The serenata was both a musical work and a performed event effectively shaped by the genre's ritual practice and by history and politics in late 17th- and early 18th-century Rome. The logic of the serenata's ritual practice shows significant correspondences to the genre's narrative strategies. Within the serenata, allegory served as the catalyst to express layers of meaning to diverse audiences. But more than that, allegory provided the means by which music was contained and its delivery marked. For public audiences, sound was as much visual as it was aural, an immediate and palpable special effect. For privileged listeners, music required reflection as to how spectacular effects acquired deeper meaning when anchored in the significance of the poetic text. Thus music in the serenata was not merely an element in a multifaceted performance but was multidimensional in itself, uniquely straddling both sides of the public/private divide.

French Domestic Architecture in the Early 18th Century: The Town Houses of Robert de Cotte

1980 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-144
Author(s):  
Robert Neuman
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Domestic Architecture ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Town ◽  
House Building ◽  
Very High ◽  
Early 18Th Century

The original drawings and published designs for town houses by Robert de Cotte are examined here in order to clarify a relatively unknown aspect of his activity as one of the dominant figures in French architecture of the early 18th century. The projects, which date from 1710 to 1716, are set against the background of the history of the hôtel, a distinct architectural type that underwent a remarkable period of development in Paris during the first three decades of the century. New light is shed on the architect's attitude toward the urban mansion by a virtually unknown series of designs in the Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris. Taken as a group with the executed plans, they demonstrate that de Cotte's ability lay not in the development of new ideas but in synthesis of a very high order-his sources were primarily the works of J. H. Mansart and Lassurance. His designs are distinguished by a consistent interest in giving the corps-de-logis the appearance of a freestanding block. In the elevations, he concentrated on harmonious compositions with suavely detailed motifs, achieving an elegant simplicity entirely his own. The relation of his plans to the functions of an hôtel, as revealed in house-building manuals of the period, shows that de Cotte sought to satisfy both the public and private needs of his clients.

O PRINCÍPIO KANTIANO DA PUBLICIDADE NA MORAL E NO DIREITO

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (115) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
José N. Heck
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Individual

A moderna concepção de indivíduo justifica-se na esfera pública. O termo publicidade remonta ao modo privado de pensar, no século XVIII, por parte de pessoas que tinham o costume, à maneira iluminista, de ler livros, eram rotineiramente informadas por jornais, criavam associações de leitura e freqüentavam espaços comuns de lazer em cafés, salões e parques, onde à época eram discutidas novas idéias advindas de longe, oriundas dos grandes centros urbanos com universidades centenárias. Esta congruência entre uso privado e público da razão, Kant a contrapõe a um uso específico de razão, privativo a pessoas que exercem funções e cumprem ordens em obediência a comandos superiores, como é o caso dos funcionários públicos; ou seja, na contramão do emprego hoje usual da palavra, o filósofo alemão predica à denominação uso privado aquele que o sábio pode fazer de sua razão em um certo cargo público ou função a ele confiada. Kant estabelece, ao longo de sua obra, o princípio da publicidade como a âncora legitimadora de sua filosofia moral, política e jurídica.Abstract: The modern concept of the individual is justified in the public sphere. The term publicity first appeared in the 18th century to describe the private manner of thinking of those who, following the general enlightenment custom, were used to reading books. These people were kept regularly informed by journals; created reading associations and frequented shared leisure areas in cafés, salons and parks where new ideas coming from afar, originated in the great urban centers with century-old universities, were discussed. Kant opposes this congruency between the public and private uses of reason to a specific use of reason, particular to those who fulfill functions and obey superior orders, as is the case of civil servants. Contrary to the normal usage of the word today, the German philosopher recognizes in the term private use that which the scholar can do with reason in a certain public office or function confided to him. Throughout his work, Kant establishes the principle of publicity as a legitimate anchor for his moral, political and juridical philosophy.

scholarly journals Political and legal practice of modern sociopolitical reality: theoretical and praxeological synthesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-56
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Gerasina
Keyword(s):  
Political Power ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Political Relations

The article presents theoretical and praxeological synthesis of new categories of “political and legal practice” as a combination of targeted and steady actions of political subjects ordered according to form, content and logic with dual nature and clearly correlated with the regime of power; and “socio-political reality” – reproduction of political relations and all forms of political activity in the public and private interests, the satisfaction of which depends on the mechanism of functioning of political power and the rights and political and legal practices.

ACCOUNTABILITY AND FINANCIAL CONTROL AS ‘PATRIOTIC’ STRATEGIES: ACCOMPTANTS AND THE PUBLIC ACCOUNTS COMMITTEE IN LATE 17TH AND EARLY 18TH - CENTURY IRELAND

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip O'Regan
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Glorious Revolution ◽  
Economic Wealth ◽  
The Public ◽  
Structural Responses ◽  
The Glorious Revolution ◽  
Early 18Th Century

The decades immediately following the Glorious Revolution in 1688 witnessed a variety of political, social and structural responses to this cataclysmic event. In Ireland, religious conflict and economic under-development, as well as the devastation of war from 1689 to 1691, combined to ensure that the Anglo-Irish body politic found it difficult to capture the fruits of success from an English polity that had gradually accreted to itself much of the political power and economic wealth of the country. By 1704, however, the Anglo-Irish had managed to appropriate to themselves some of the economic and constitutional benefits of the Revolution by exploiting various parliamentary practices and structures. One of their strategies centered around developing and leveraging the role of the Public Accounts Committee as a means of imposing accountability on the executive and its officials. To achieve this the members were required to understand, contest and reconfigure official accounting information.

scholarly journals Dyskrecjonalna władza administracji publicznej i kontrola długu publicznego: obywatel i sędzia między prawem a precedensem

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Giovanni Pesce
Keyword(s):  
Central Feature ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Deficit ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
Treaty Of Rome ◽  
State Models ◽  
The Eu

<p>Discretionary power, a central feature of administrative power, comes into play when administration is called to select an option between two or more solution and a way of balancing between public and private interests. After the 20<sup>th</sup> century, devastated by wars, public deficit and debt, most State models circumscribed their markets to the detriment of the global one, turning the old economic models into new ones after the 1958 Treaty of Rome and, after the phase following the Maastricht Treaty of 1992, and the crisis of 2008, the final concept is that the EU Members States should restructure the public finances, facing the increase of the public goods and services demand and with the rested rights. The purpose of this article was to enquire whether the European and national rules may limit the discretionary power while expanding the administrative one.</p>

scholarly journals REPRESENTATION OF LORD LIEUTENANTS AND LORD JUSTICES OF IRELAND IN IRISH ODES AND POEMS, 1701–1714

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
D. A. Kirilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gradual Development ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Early 18Th Century ◽  
Irish Politics

In the late 17th and early 18th century, Ireland experienced a constitutional struggle in parliament, as well as the gradual development of a party system along the English partisan lines. Reflection of those events in the public sphere (primarily in the works of Molyneux and Swift) remains a popular research topic for Irish historians. This article attempts to look at the development of the Irish political system by examining poetic works in support of the chief governors of Ireland: lord lieutenants and lord justices of 1701–1714. Irish poems dedicated to governors were usually similar to English odes, which in turn were influenced by Abraham Cowley’s Pindarics. Irish odes to lord lieutenants of 1701–1711 had significant genre similarities, and most of them were also similar in general means of representing the chief governor. It was of utmost importance for the authors to show the brilliant ancestry of the ode’s hero; perhaps even more important for them was to show the similarity between the viceroy and the monarch, since the former was supposed to represent the latter. There were, however, significant differences between the odes, which were attributed to the shifting context of Irish politics. The odes of 1707 and 1711 are much more embedded in politics than the odes of 1701 and 1703: since at least 1707, the authors were more likely to include lord lieutenants in the context of Irish and British partisanship, while simultaneously emphasizing the loyalty of recipients to Queen Anne in her struggle against parties. The zenith of partisanship in Ireland coincides with the appearance of short poems with some features of an ode in 1710, which closely associate the figure of the lord lieutenant or lord justice with the Whigs or Tories.

Grauzone Privatarchiv

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-113
Author(s):  
Richard Erkens
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Limited Extent ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Interdisciplinary Projects ◽  
Public Archives ◽  
Production Mechanisms

AbstractAs Frédéric Döhl recently noted in his article „Potential und Risiken des Archival Turns in den Digital Humanities für die Musikwissenschaft“ (in: „Archiv für Musikwissenschaft“ 75,4 [2018], pp. 301–320), the hierarchy of accessibility among sources shifts perceptibly during digitalization, and musicology and archives ultimately become something like a dual form of music historiography. This paper tries to argue that the limited accessibility of private archives can be regarded as a parallel phenomenon to the digital multiplication of already known sources, while non-digitized sources increasingly disappear from focus. To avoid unintended consequences that hinder research attempting to open up new sources, it is necessary to find feasible paths to a fruitful handling of such archives at the intersection of the public and private interest. The limitations of temporary research projects in particular complicate the options for exploitation, as the grey area of private archives offers the services of public archives only to a very limited extent. Here, the researcher is often not a user but a supplicant. Considering some of the main problems regarding persisting inaccessibility, reduced opening hours and dealing with archive catalogues (when they exist), this article attempts to determine the potential for a restricted, though fruitful, use of undiscovered sources during ongoing research in which the exploitation of a private archive with an abundance of material is just part of a research project and not its main focus. The discussion is enriched with personal experiences, with two examples from Venice and Florence. These empirical insights were obtained during research on the production mechanisms of Italian opera in the first half of the 18th Century, but could be extended to other interdisciplinary projects that tackle an extensive corpus of heterogeneous sources.

Corruption and the Fatal Power of Envy: Revisiting The Classical Republican Tradition

2014 ◽  
Vol 2013 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-42
Author(s):  
Rebecca Fiske
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
American Culture ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Individual Rights ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Negative Liberty ◽  
The Republic

AbstractOne hurdle to the systematic study of corruption is the plethora of definitions, none of which seems to meet the test of applicability across times and political systems. This, in turn, leads to difficulty in assessing the reasons underlying corruption and explaining its levels in various contexts. Thus, it may be useful to recur to the classical republican notions, particularly the conflation of the public and personal, the degree to which the republic relied upon a virtuous and selfsacrificing citizenry, and the problem of individual desire and envy. The more modern 18th century British concept twisted the equation and drew a boundary between the public and the private such that individuals needed to squelch their private desires in favor of public virtue. Later termed positive and negative liberty, this fundamental divide became the threshold of corruption. How can individual rights be protected from government intrusion? Conversely, how can governmental rights be protected from individual intrusion? How can free, independent humans govern themselves? Such fundamental questions remain central to contemporary American culture. This paper suggests that a return to Classical Republican Tradition, particularly the writing of Thucydides and the concept of “fatal envy” can shed new light on the dialectical nature of public and private liberty and of the issue of corruption.

CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS PROCESSADOS E ULTRAPROCESSADOS POR ESCOLARES DE ARROIO DO TIGRE, RS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Rubiane Inara Wagner ◽  
Patrícia Molz ◽  
Camila Schreiner Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Private School ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cereal Bars

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a frequência do consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados e verificar a associação entre estado nutricional por adolescentes do ensino público e privado do município de Arroio do Tigre, RS. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com adolescentes, com idade entre 10 e 15 anos, de uma escola pública e uma privada de Arroio do Tigre, RS. O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal. Aplicou-se um questionário de frequência alimentar contendo alimentos processados e ultraprocessados. A amostra foi composta por 64 adolescentes com idade média de 12,03±1,15 anos, sendo 53,1% da escola pública. A maioria dos adolescentes encontravam-se eutróficos (p=0,343), e quando comparado com o consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados, a maioria dos escolares eutróficos relataram maior frequência no consumo de balas e chicletes (50,0%) e barra de cereais (51,0%), de 1 a 3 vezes por semana (p=0,004; p=0,029, respectivamente). Houve também uma maior frequência de consumo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados como pizza (73,5%; p0,001), refrigerante (58,8%; p=0,036) e biscoito recheado (58,8%; p=0,008) entre 1 a 3 vezes por semana na escola pública em comparação a escola privada. O consumo de suco de pacote (p=0,013) foi relatado não ser consumido pela maioria dos alunos da escola particular em comparação a escola pública. Os dados encontrados evidenciam um consumo expressivo de alimentos processados e ultraprocessados pelos adolescentes de ambas as escolas, destacando alimentos com alto teor de açúcar e sódio.Palavras-chave: Hábitos alimentares. Adolescentes. Alimentos industrializados. ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods and to verify the association between nutritional status by adolescents from public and private schools in the municipality of Arroio do Tigre, RS. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with adolescents, aged 10 to 15 years, from a public school and a private school in Arroio do Tigre, RS. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index. A food frequency questionnaire containing processed and ultraprocessed foods was applied. The sample consisted of 64 adolescents with a mean age of 12.03±1.15 years, 53.1% of the public school. Most of the adolescents were eutrophic (p=0.343), and when compared to the consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods, most eutrophic schoolchildren reported a higher frequency of bullets and chewing gum (50.0%) and cereal bars (51.0%), 1 to 3 times per week (p=0.004, p=0.029, respectively). There was also a higher frequency of consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods such as pizza (73.5%, p0.001), refrigerant (58.8%, p=0.036) and stuffed biscuit (58.8%, p=0.008) between 1 to 3 times a week in public school compared to private school. Consumption of packet juice (p=0.013) was reported not to be consumed by the majority of private school students compared to public school. Conclusion: The data found evidenced an expressive consumption of processed and ultraprocessed foods by the adolescents of both schools, highlighting foods with high sugar and sodium content.Keywords: Food Habits. Adolescents. Industrialized Foods.

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