scholarly journals Kinetika epoksidirane oleinske kiseline dobivene iz palmina ulja in situ proizvedenom permravljom kiselinom

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Abdul Hadi ◽  
Norhashimah Mora ◽  
Siu Hua Chang ◽  
Aliff Farhan Mohd Yamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Catalytic Amount ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Oxygen Donor ◽  
Wide Range

Epoxidized palm oleic acid is often regarded as a highly valuable oleochemical due to its wide range of industrial applications, including cosmetics, personal care, and pharmaceutical products. In this study, oleic acid derived from palm oil with iodine value of 98.99 g/100 g, containing 75 % of oleic acid, 12 % of linoleic acid, 6.5 % of palmitic acid, and 6.5 % of stearic acid was epoxidised by in situ generated performic acid with hydrogen peroxide as oxygen donor and formic acid as active oxygen carrier in the presence of catalytic amount of inorganic acid. The rate constant for epoxidation of oleic acid was found to be 1.133 ∙ 10–3 mol–1 s–1 and activation energy was 91.12 kJ mol–1 at temperature of 75 °C. In addition, thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy, entropy, and free energy of activation were 88.2 kJ mol–1, −67.90 J mol–1 K–1, and 88.36 kJ mol–1, respectively. Relative conversion data showed that it was possible to develop epoxides from locally available, natural, renewable resources such as palm oil.

scholarly journals Premilinary Results: Heterogeneous Reaction of Epoxidation Palm Kernal Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Intan Suhada Azmi ◽  
Arif Aminuddin Ahmad Zulkifli ◽  
Mohamad Helmi Mohd Asbi
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Complete Conversion ◽  
In Situ Techniques ◽  
Oxygen Donor

The epoxidized vegetables oils can be used a raw material for a broad range of products, from pharmaceutical and plastics to paint and adhesives. Epoxidation of oleic acid was carried out by using hydrogen peroxide as an oxygen donor and formic acid as an oxygen carrier in the presence of sulphuric acid act as catalyst. The crude oleic acid contained 75% oleic acid, 12.2% linoleic acid, 6.5% palmitic acid and 7.5% stearic acid, and had an iodine value of 98.99 g/100 g. The epoxidation of oleic acid with almost complete conversion of unsaturated carbon and negligible oxirane cleavage can be obtained by the in situ techniques. An analytical approach for the prediction of the partition coefficient for formic acid between oleic acid and water, dependent on temperature and composition, has been proposed.

scholarly journals Optimization on Epoxidation of Palm Olein by Using Performic Acid

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1440-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darfizzi Derawi ◽  
Jumat Salimon
Keyword(s):  
Palm Olein ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Oxirane Oxygen ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Oxygen Donor ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Stirring Effect ◽  
C Nmr

The epoxidation process of palm olein (POo) was carried out by usingin situgenerated performic acid (HCOOOH) to produce epoxidized palm olein (EPO). HCOOOH was produced by mixing of formic acid (HCOOH) as oxygen carrier and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxygen donor in various ratio of POo: HCOOH: H2O2. The effect of HCOOH and H2O2concentration, temperature, stirring effect and reaction time were studied. The presence of oxirane ring of EPO was characterised by fourier transformation infra-red (FTIR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR and (13C-NMR) spectra. The results showed that an optimum oxirane oxygen content (OOC) value was obtained by using mol ratio of 1: 5: 2 at 150 minutes.

scholarly journals Degradation of catalytic epoxidation of oleic acid palm oil by in situ performic acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 1349 ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
M J Jalil ◽  
M S M Zaini ◽  
A F M Yamin ◽  
N Morad ◽  
Abdul Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Catalytic Epoxidation

Application of Epoxy Resin for Improvement of the Banana Stem-Acoustic Panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Azril Riduan ◽  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Intan Suhada Azmi ◽  
Afifudin Habulat ◽  
Danial Nuruddin Azlan Raofuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Runge Kutta Method ◽  
To Come

Background: Greener epoxidation by using vegetable oil to create an eco-friendly epoxide is being studied because it is a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly commodity that is safer than non-renewable materials. The aim of this research is to come up with low-cost solutions for banana trunk acoustic panels with kinetic modelling of epoxy-based palm oil. Method: In this study, the epoxidation of palm oleic acid was carried out by in situ performic acid to produce epoxidized palm oleic acid. Results: Banana trunk acoustic panel was successfully innovated based on the performance when the epoxy was applied. Lastly, a mathematical model was developed by using the numerical integration of the 4th order Runge-Kutta method, and the results showed that there is a good agreement between the simulation and experimental data, which validates the kinetic model. Conclusion: Overall, the peracid mechanism was effective in producing a high yield of epoxy from palm oleic acid that is useful for the improvement of acoustic panels based on the banana trunk.

REVIEW ON THE POTENTIAL USE OF WASTE COOKING PALM OIL IN THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH OLEIC PALM OIL VIA ENZYMATIC ACIDOLYSIS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (6-12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Athirah Zaharudin ◽  
Roslina Rashid ◽  
Siti Marsilawati Mohamed Esivan ◽  
Norasikin Othman ◽  
Ani Idris
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Structured Lipids ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Enzymatic Acidolysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oil Utilization ◽  
Waste Cooking Palm Oil

Production of structured lipids (SL) or tailor made fats provides an opportunity for cheap oils and fats to be utilized for the synthesis of high added value products. Much attention is being paid to SL due to their potential biological functions, industrial applications, and nutritional perspectives. The paper reviews the potential of waste cooking palm oil (WCPO) as an alternative substrate for the production of structured lipids especially for the production of high oleic palm oil. Utilization of waste cooking oil for biodiesel productions is well explored. However, WCPO utilization properties are still lacking scientific investigation due to limited chemical and physical functionalities. Therefore, enhancement of WCPO into high quality oil offers an alternative to be utilized for wide range of applications, thus reduce the environmental effect causes by its disposal problems. The paper also reviews and discusses the production of structured lipid via enzymatic acidolysis.

Epoxidation of Palm Kernel Oil-Based Crude Oleic Acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Jumain Jalil ◽  
Noorfazlida Mohamed ◽  
Siti Khatijah Jamaludin ◽  
Ayub M. Som ◽  
Ahmad Rafizan Mohamad Daud
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Renewable Natural Resources ◽  
Relative Conversion

Most vegetable oils have high content of unsaturated bond and can be converted into epoxidized fatty acids. These days, epoxidized vegetable oils are great concern as they are obtained from sustainable, renewable natural resources and are environmental friendly. The epoxidation of palm oleic acid was carried out by using in situ generated performic acid (HCOOOH) to produce epoxidized oleic acid. The degree of temperature, the molar ratio of formic acid or hydrogen peroxide and types of catalyst was considered. Epoxidation results were based on complete conversion oxirane, rate of epoxidation and stability of the oxirane. It was found that a maximum relative conversion oxirane (RCO) of epoxide is 88% at optimal condition.

scholarly journals SINTESIS ASAM 9,10-DIHIDROKSI STEARAT (DHSA) MELALUI HIDROLISA EPOKSIDA DARI OKSIDASI ASAM OLEAT DENGAN ASAM PERFORMAT

REAKTOR ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Maisaroh Maisaroh ◽  
Indra Budi Susetyo ◽  
Bayu Rusmandana
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Dihydroxystearic Acid ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
A Value ◽  
Hydroxyl Fatty Acids

SYNTHESIS OF 9,10-DIHYDROXYSTEARIC ACID (DHSA) THROUGH HYDROLYSIS EPOXIDE FROM OXIDATION OLEIC ACID AND PERFORMIC ACID. 9,10-dihydroxy stearic acid (DHSA); C18H36O4 is one of hydroxyl fatty acids with hydroxyl groups (OH) and carboxyl groups (-COOH) cause DHSA have unique properties for many applications including as an emulsifier in the oil phase/gel candles and water in cosmetic formulations. This study investigated the formation of DHSA of from oleic acid and performic acid through epoxidation and hydrolysis reactions. Epoxidation was carried out by reacting the oleic acid with formic acid to form performic acid in situ reaction at a temperature of 60-70oC with stirring in order to minimize byproduct, followed hydrolysis obtained DHSA as powder with melting point 86.5oC, iodine value  0.125 g I2/100 g, acid value 171.53 mg KOH/g, the hydroxyl group observed at the absorption band region of 3345.34 cm-1, LCMS analysis results show peak spetrograms-mass at m/z 317,269, with a value m/z is equivalent to molecular weight DHSA.   Keywords: DHSA; epoxidation; hydrolysis; hydroxyl fatty acids; oleic acid Abstrak Asam 9,10-dihidroksi stearat (DHSA) dengan rumus molekul C18H36O4 merupakan senyawa hidroksil asam lemak dengan gugus hidroksil (-OH) dan karboksil (-COOH) menyebabkan DHSA memiliki sifat unik untuk berbagai aplikasi antara lain sebagai emulsifier antara fasa minyak/lilin gel dan air dalam formulasi kosmetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan DHSA dari asam oleat dan asam performat, melalui tahapan reaksi epoksidasi dan hidrolisa. Epoksidasi asam oleat dengan asam performat yang dibentuk secara in situ dilakukan pada suhu reaksi 60-70oC dengan pengadukan untuk meminimalkan reaksi samping, dilanjutkan dengan hidrolisa epoksida diperoleh DHSA berupa serbuk berwarna putih gading dengan titik leleh 86,5oC, bilangan iod ± 0,125 g I2/100 g, bilangan asam 171,53 mg KOH/g, gugus hidroksil teramati menggunakan FTIR pada bilangan gelombang 3345,34 cm-1, yang diperkuat dengan data kromatogram LC-MS yang memberikan puncak spektrogram-massa pada m/z 317.269, dengan harga m/z yang setara dengan Berat Molekul DHSA. Kata kunci: DHSA; epoksidasi; hidrolisa; hidroksil asam lemak; asam oleat

In-situ electrical-resistivity measurements in the high-voltage electron microscope

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-69
Author(s):  
W. E. King
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage Electron ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Helium Gas

A side-entry type, helium-temperature specimen stage that has the capability of in-situ electrical-resistivity measurements has been designed and developed for use in the AEI-EM7 1200-kV electron microscope at Argonne National Laboratory. The electrical-resistivity measurements complement the high-voltage electron microscope (HVEM) to yield a unique opportunity to investigate defect production in metals by electron irradiation over a wide range of defect concentrations.A flow cryostat that uses helium gas as a coolant is employed to attain and maintain any specified temperature between 10 and 300 K. The helium gas coolant eliminates the vibrations that arise from boiling liquid helium and the temperature instabilities due to alternating heat-transfer mechanisms in the two-phase temperature regime (4.215 K). Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the liquid/gaseous helium transfer system. A liquid-gas mixture can be used for fast cooldown. The cold tip of the transfer tube is inserted coincident with the tilt axis of the specimen stage, and the end of the coolant flow tube is positioned without contact within the heat exchanger of the copper specimen block (Fig. 2).

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