scholarly journals Effect of D-amphetamine on dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra and expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in striatum and pre-frontal cortex of D-amphetamine treated Wistar rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 0401
Author(s):  
Sarun Koirala ◽  
Sandip Shah ◽  
Laxman Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Wistar Rats

Toxic Equine Parkinsonism: An Immunohistochemical Study of 10 Horses With Nigropallidal Encephalomalacia

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Chang ◽  
W. K. Rumbeiha ◽  
J. S. Patterson ◽  
B. Puschner ◽  
A. P. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Large Animal Model ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions

Chronic ingestion of yellow star thistle ( Centaurea solstitialis) or Russian knapweed ( Acroptilon repens) causes nigropallidal encephalomalacia (NPE) in horses with an abrupt onset of neurologic signs characterized by dystonia of lips and tongue, inability to prehend food, depression, and locomotor deficits. The objectives of this study were to reexamine the pathologic alterations of NPE and to conduct an immunohistochemistry study using antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase and α-synuclein, to determine whether NPE brains show histopathologic features resembling those in human Parkinson disease. Results confirm that the NPE lesions are located within the substantia nigra pars reticulata, sparing the cell bodies of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and in the rostral portion of the globus pallidus, with partial disruption of dopaminergic (tyrosine hydroxylase–positive) fibers passing through the globus pallidus. No abnormal cytoplasmic inclusions like the Lewy bodies of human Parkinson disease were seen in these NPE brains. These findings indicate that equine NPE may serve as a large animal model of environmentally acquired toxic parkinsonism, with clinical phenotype directly attributable to lesions in globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata rather than to the destruction of dopaminergic neurons.

scholarly journals Changes in L1 Antigen Expression in the Rat Striatum After Substantia Nigra Lesions

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Poltorak ◽  
Jamesine R. Williams ◽  
Kraig D. Moore ◽  
Willam J. Freed
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Neurite Outgrowth ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Rat Striatum ◽  
Complex Regulation ◽  
Lateral Area

L1 antigen promotes neurite outgrowth from dopaminergic neurons in tissue culture. In the present study, we examined the effects of dopaminergic deafferentation of the striatum on L1 expression. In the medial-periventricular part of the striatum, both complete and partial substantia nigra (SN) lesions decreased L1 expression. Complete lesions increased L1 expression in the dorso-medial and ventrolateral parts of the striatum on the lesioned side when compared with that on the non-lesioned side. The decrease in the ventro-lateral area was maintained in animals examined three months after the lesioning. Animals with partial SN lesions showed a different pattern of altered L1 expression. After frontal cortex lesions, changes in L1 expression also occur preferentially in the dorso-medial and periventricular striatum. Therefore, the results indicate a complex regulation of L1 expression after damage of striatal circuitry, manifested by a preferential occurrence of changes in periventricular regions.

Chronic lesions differentially decrease tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Pasinetti ◽  
S.P. Lerner ◽  
S.A. Johnson ◽  
D.G. Morgan ◽  
N.A. Telford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Messenger Rna

scholarly journals Transplanted Neural Stem Cells: Playing a Neuroprotective Role by Ceruloplasmin in the Substantia Nigra of PD Model Rats?

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Jia Xiao ◽  
Ming Yin ◽  
Ze-Jian Wang ◽  
Xiao-Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Neural Stem Cells ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Wilson’S Disease ◽  
Wilson's Disease ◽  
Iron Deposition ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Stereotaxic Technique

Although mounting evidence suggests that ceruloplasmin (CP) deficiency and iron deposition are pivotal factors responsible for exacerbating demise of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of the Parkinsonism and neural stem cells (NSCs) are believed to be excellent candidates for compensating the lost dopaminergic neurons, there are few researches to explore the change of CP expression and of iron deposition in the pathological microenvironment of SN after NSCs transplantation and the ability of grafted NSCs to differentiate directionally into dopaminergic neurons under the changed homeostasis. With substantia nigral stereotaxic technique and NSCs transplantation, we found that tyrosine hydroxylase and CP expression decreased and iron deposition increased in the lesioned SN after 6-OHDA administration compared with control, while tyrosine hydroxylase and CP expression increased and iron deposition decreased after NSCs transplantation compared to 6-OHDA administration alone. Only a small number of embedding NSCs are able to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons. These results suggest that grafted NSCs have an influence on improving the content of CP expression, which may play a neuroprotective role by decreasing iron deposition and ameliorating damage of dopaminergic neurons and possibly underline the iron-related common mechanism of Parkinson’s disease and Wilson’s disease.

scholarly journals Programming of Dopaminergic Neurons by Neonatal Sex Hormone Exposure: Effects on Dopamine Content and Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression in Adult Male Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Espinosa ◽  
Roxana A. Silva ◽  
Nicole K. Sanguinetti ◽  
Francisca C. Venegas ◽  
Raul Riquelme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Ventral Tegmental Area ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Dopamine Release ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Dopamine Content ◽  
Ventral Tegmental

We sought to determine the long-term changes produced by neonatal sex hormone administration on the functioning of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in adult male rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected subcutaneously at postnatal day 1 and were assigned to the following experimental groups: TP (testosterone propionate of 1.0 mg/50 μL); DHT (dihydrotestosterone of 1.0 mg/50 μL); EV (estradiol valerate of 0.1 mg/50 μL); and control (sesame oil of 50 μL). At postnatal day 60, neurochemical studies were performed to determine dopamine content in substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area and dopamine release in nucleus accumbens. Molecular (mRNA expression of tyrosine hydroxylase) and cellular (tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity) studies were also performed. We found increased dopamine content in substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area of TP and EV rats, in addition to increased dopamine release in nucleus accumbens. However, neonatal exposure to DHT, a nonaromatizable androgen, did not affect midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Correspondingly, compared to control rats, levels of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA and protein were significantly increased in TP and EV rats but not in DHT rats, as determined by qPCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Our results suggest an estrogenic mechanism involving increased tyrosine hydroxylase expression, either by direct estrogenic action or by aromatization of testosterone to estradiol in substantia nigra-ventral tegmental area.

Effect of electroacupuncture on dopaminergic neurons in a rat model of Parkinson's disease based on the α-synuclein pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Liudan Chen ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Liang Ai ◽  
Linhui Cao ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Total Rna

To explore the possibility of using electroacupuncture to prevent injury of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of rats with Parkinson's disease (PD), Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, model group, drug (Medoba) group, and an electroacupuncture group. Rotenone was injected into the right substantia nigra to induce a PD rat model with single side substantia nigra injury. A rotation behavior observation method was used to observe changes in rotation behavior and apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra after electroacupuncture. Total RNA was extracted using nano-magnetic beads and retrieved from the DNA using a MagBeads Total RNA Extraction Kit. Rotenone can induce PD symptoms in Wistar rats, and we explored the effect of electroacupuncture in improving these induced Parkinson's symptoms in PD rats. The effect was similar to that of Medoba. Electroacupuncture reduced the α-synuclein (α-SYN) levels in the substantia nigra of the PD rats to some extent. We concluded that the content and inhibition of aggregation electroacupuncture can protect dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of PD rats. Additionally, electroacupuncture can effectively prevent injury of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of rats with PD.

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