scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL FACILITY FOR THE STUDY OF THE PROCESSES IN MIXING LOW-PRESSURE HEATERS OF K-1000-60/3000 TURBINES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (61) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
A. Smychok ◽  
◽  
V. Gerliga ◽  
V. Zaporozhan ◽  
M. Panchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Experimental Facility ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Hydraulic Processes

Nowadays, the development of nuclear energy is determined by solving the set of scientific and technical problems that provides reliable, safe and sustainable work of the operated and designed NPPs. At the same time different accident conditions and likelihood (probability) of variant equipment operating failures are analyzed. Obtained operating experience of the mixing low-pressure heaters (LPH) at thermal power plants (TPP) and NPPs shows that pulsations occur in some operation regimes of LPH turbine which lead to inner element destructions of LPH and pipeline malfunctions. These circumstances negatively affect operation of equipment that locates after LPH in condensate-supply tract. Consequently, unit capacity factor and economic indicators descend since troubleshooting for LPH mechanisms require some time and material resources. This work presents the experimental facility design and description of main design features of the facility components. The stand was designed to study the processes that lead to the vibration appearance in mixing LPH in condensate-supply tract of K-1000-60/3000 turbines. The main task of scale modeling is the need to observe equivalent conditions of the thermal-hydraulic processes behavior in the model in relation to full-scale equipment. To solve this problem using ANSYS code a preliminary simulation of hydraulic processes occurring in the experimental facility was performed. This allowed to determine in advance certain design features in the design of given facility. The results of experimental studies of the developed facility should allow to develop measures for reduction or complete elimination of vibrations in mixing LPH, as well as to validate computer programs for design analysis of stationary and non-stationary thermal-hydraulic processes in the specified equipment and designed measures testing.

Experimental Study on Various Mineral Admixtures in Fibre Reinforced Concrete

2019 ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Kavitha E ◽  
Karthik S ◽  
Eithya B ◽  
Seenirajan M
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Polypropylene Fibres ◽  
Concrete Production

The quantity of fly ash produced from thermal power plants in India is approximately 80 million tons each year, and its percentage utilization is less than 10%. An attempt has been made to utilize these cheaper materials in concrete production. This thesis aims at investigating the characteristics of fresh concrete and various strengths of hardened concrete made with various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS, silica fume. Rice husk ash along with polypropylene fibres in various proportions.  M20 grade concrete is considered for experimental studies with 53grade Ordinary Portland Cement blended with varying percentages of mineral admixtures. The maximum size of coarse aggregate used is 20mm.  Various mineral admixtures such as fly ash. GGBFS.Silica fume. Rice Husk Ash were added concrete in various percentages by partially replacing cement and the optimum percentage of the mineral admixtures will be found.  Based on the obtained values, the admixture with maximum mechanical strength is determined and to this polypropylene fibre is added by varying 0 to 0.5 % by weight of cement to the mix.  The test results obtained were compared and discussed with conventional concrete.

Operating Experience and Design Features of Closed Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plants

1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Curt Keller
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Closed Cycle ◽  
Design Features ◽  
The Usa

This paper is the author’s third progress report in the USA on the AK-closed cycle gas turbine.

Production of Ceramic Brick Based on Aluminum-Silicate Wastes

2016 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor A. Vlasov ◽  
Nelli K. Skripnikova ◽  
Ivan Yu. Yuriev ◽  
Pavel V. Kosmachev ◽  
Viktoria A. Litvinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Ceramic Brick

The paper focuses on the production of ceramic brick based on aluminum silicate waste generated by thermal power plants. The grain size and chemical compositions of the raw material are investigated. Experimental studies are carried out to identify optimum operating parameters of the ceramic brick production. It is shown that the use of aluminum silicate waste, namely, 40–60 % ash together with clay raw material allows obtaining ceramic brick possessing 20–25 MPa compressive strength, 10–15 % water absorption, and frost resistance of over 60 cycles.

From Megawatt to Gigawatt: New Developments in Concentrating Solar Thermal Power

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Mu¨ller-Steinhagen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Solar Thermal Power

On October 30th 2009, a major industrial consortium initiated the so-called DESERTEC project which aims at providing by 2050 15% of the European electricity from renewable energy sources in North Africa, while at the same time securing energy, water, income and employment for this region. In the heart of this concept are solar thermal power plants which can provide affordable, reliable and dispatchable electricity. While this technology has been known for about 100 years, new developments and market introduction programs have recently triggered world-wide activities leading to the present project pipeline of 8.5 GW and 42 billion Euro. To become competitive with mid-load electricity from conventional power plants within the next 10–15 years, mass production of components, increased plant size and planning/operating experience will be accompanied by technological innovations which are presently in the development or even demonstration stage. The scale of construction, the high temperatures and the naturally transient operation provide formidable challenges for academic and industrial R&D. Experimental and theoretical research involving all mechanisms of heat transfer and fluid flow is required together with large-scale demonstration to resolve the combined challenges of performance and cost.

Influence of Different Outlet Diameters on Atomization Performance of Liquid Beset Gas Nozzles

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 3184-3187
Author(s):  
Ding Ping Liu ◽  
Bing Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Spray Nozzle ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Compressed Gas ◽  
New Type ◽  
Atomization Performance ◽  
Gas Nozzle

The wet FGD system with the characteristics of stable and mature, which had been widely used in the large thermal power plants. In this system, spray nozzle plays a key role, and the atomization performance of the spray nozzle affects the desulfurization reaction rate and efficiency directly. A new type spray nozzle, liquid beset gas nozzle was came up with in this article. It makes use of compressed gas in the internal pipeline to crush the liquid flowed out of the external pipeline into small particles. To optimize the nozzle's structure and develop its atomization performance, then considered outlet diameters of nozzle as one of the main influencing factors, sets three outlet diameters of nozzles: 4mm, 5mm and 6mm. This experiment with water for medium uses a laser particle size analyzer and a high speed camera for analysis to take atomization performance's tests of liquid beset gas nozzles under different outlet diameters and working conditions. The results of experimental studies were concluded. Firstly, when the outlet diameter is 5mm, the total spraying performance was the best. Because this outlet diameter can make the nozzle be in a balance between effective crush, fully mixing and jams preventing. Secondly, the new type nozzle had certain adaptability, when working pressures changed, and can be widely used in the wet FGD system.

Development and Operating Experience of a Two-Casing 600MW Ultra-Super-Critical Steam Turbine

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Tanaka ◽  
Hiroharu Ohyama ◽  
Naoto Tochitani ◽  
Tamiaki Nakazawa
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Intermediate Pressure ◽  
Commercial Operation ◽  
Compact Design ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

600MW class steam turbines are typically manufactured in three casing configurations with two low-pressure casings. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) has developed and manufactured a 600MW two-casing Ultra Super Critical turbine for the Hirono No.5, Tokyo Electric Power Co. in Japan, which comprises one combined high- and intermediate-pressure casing and one double-flow low-pressure casing. This unit started the commercial operation in July 2004. Two-casing design simplifies construction and maintenance requirements and saves capital cost of the plant. This compact design was realized mainly due to the development of 3000 rpm 48 inch steel low-pressure end blades, the longest steel blade in the industries for 3000 rpm machines. In addition, a highly efficient and compact design in achieving 600°C steam condition was realized by employing a combined high- and intermediate-pressure frame. This paper addresses the design features of the 600MW two-casing USC turbine, operating condition of the Hirono No.5 and the results of the verification tests performed.

scholarly journals Stabilization of Indian Fly Ashes with Soils, Cement, and Randomly Oriented Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shenbaga R. Kaniraj ◽  
V. Gayathri ◽  
V.G. Havanagi
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Strength Criteria ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Polyester Fibers ◽  
Soil Mixtures ◽  
Pavement Base

 Experimental studies were carried out on fly ashes from two Indian thermal power plants, namely Rajghat and Dadri, with the aim of improving the utilization of fly ash in geotechnical engineering applications. It was attempted to improve the engineering performance of fly ash by several means such as by mixing fly ash with soils, cement, and polyester fibers. The research program included the study of: a) physical properties, chemical composition and morphology of the fly ashes; b) compaction, strength, and permeability characteristics of the fly ashes and fly ash-soil mixtures; c) compaction and strength characteristics of fly ash-soil mixtures stabilized with fibers alone, with cement alone, and with both cement and fibers. Results showed that addition of fly ash to soils would result in lighter and stronger fills. Fiber inclusions increased the strength of fly ash-soil specimens significantly and altered their behaviour from brittle to ductile. Even small cement contents increased the strength of the fly ash-soil mixtures significantly. With higher cement contents of up to 18% it was possible to prepare fly ash-cement design mixes that satisfied the strength criteria for pavement base courses.

Modelling Chemical and Microstructural Evolution Across Dissimilar Interfaces in Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. G. Clark ◽  
D. G. McCartney ◽  
H. Saghafifar ◽  
P. H. Shipway
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Diffusion ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
Dissimilar Metal

Dissimilar metal welds between different grades of ferritic steels or between ferritic steel and austenitic nickel alloys are used extensively in power plants. When such weldments are exposed to high temperature conditions, as might be found in service in a thermal power plant, local microstructural evolution will occur. This is due to diffusion, driven by chemical potential gradients, of solute atoms. Such diffusion can cause major changes in hardness and mechanical properties of joints and can lead to the formation of embrittling phases and/or softened zones. This can potentially lead to premature component failure by, for example, high temperature creep. Whilst finite element modelling of mechanical behavior and damage evolution is well established this is not the case for chemical diffusion and microstructural evolution at weld interfaces. In the present study, the general purpose linked thermodynamic and kinetic software packages Thermo-Calc and DICTRA have been applied to simulate chemical diffusion and precipitation/dissolution (i.e. phase fraction evolution) in dissimilar weld joints using commercially available thermodynamic databases TCFE7 and TTNI6. Two approaches for modelling multiphase, multicomponent systems using this software will be presented and discussed and their implementation will be illustrated. The paper will present results on modelling a range of dissimilar metal interfaces of both the ferritic-ferritic type and the ferritic-austenitic type (for example, grade 22 to grade 91 steel and grade 22 to Inconel 625). Ferritic-ferritic case studies will compare model predictions with a number of previously published experimental studies and it will be shown that the current approach can give good quantitative agreement in terms of carbon composition profiles and carbide depleted/carbide enriched zones. The results obtained from modelling a grade 22 steel-Inconel 625 system where the crystal structure of the matrix is different on either side of the weld will be compared with experimental observations on a weld overlaid tube component. The experimental results will include scanning and transmission electron microscopy studies of the weld interface regions and it will be shown that the predictions of diffusion and precipitate formation compare well with observations made experimentally following exposure at 650 °C. Also discussed are the options for further refining the computational model based on empirically observed phenomena, such as the unmixed zone of a weld.

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