Developmental Trajectories of Substance Use From Early to Late Adolescence: A Comparison of Rural and Urban Youth

The aim: Determination of the peculiarities of annual changes in the thickness of trunk skin and fat flexures of rural and urban youth during educational process. Materials and methods: Were examined 200 healthy youths (100 residents of the village, 100 residents of the city) at their 1st, 2nd and 3rd courses of study at the University of Life Safety using Shephard R. method. Results: Based on the data obtained, the annual reduction of all trunk fat index values of rural and urban youth during their studies at the University of Life Safety were established. Comparing intra-group annual changes, they were drastically smaller in the first year of study, both in the rural group and in the locals’ group. Conclusions: During the course of the study, we found a decrease in all the supervised indicators in both groups. However, intergroup changes during the first year of study were significantly ostent.

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The Liminal Leisure of Disadvantaged Young People in the UK Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Journal of Applied Youth Studies ◽

10.1007/s43151-021-00064-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nicholas Woodrow ◽

Karenza Moore

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Young People ◽

Urban Youth ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Night Time ◽

Virtual Spaces ◽

Khat Chewing ◽

Continuity And Change ◽

Uk Government ◽

The Uk

AbstractThe global COVID-19 pandemic has created, exposed and exacerbated inequalities and differences around access to—and experiences and representations of—the physical and virtual spaces of young people’s leisure cultures and practices. Drawing on longstanding themes of continuity and change in youth leisure scholarship, this paper contributes to our understandings of ‘liminal leisure’ as experienced by some young people in the UK before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. To do this, we place primary pre-pandemic research on disadvantaged young people’s leisure spaces and practices in dialogue with secondary data on lockdown and post-lockdown leisure. Subsequently, we argue that existing and emergent forms of youth ‘leisure liminality’ are best understood through the lens of intersectional disadvantages. Specifically, pre-existing intersectional disadvantages are being compounded by disruptions to youth leisure, as the upheaval of the pandemic continues to be differentially experienced. To understand this process, we deploy the concept of liminal leisure spaces used by Swaine et al Leisure Studies 37:4,440-451, (2018) in their ethnography of Khat-chewing among young British Somali urban youth ‘on the margins’. Similarly, our focus is on young people’s management and negotiation of substance use ‘risks’, harms and pleasures when in ‘private-in-public’ leisure spaces. We note that the UK government responses to the pandemic, such as national and regional lockdowns, meant that the leisure liminality of disadvantaged young people pre-pandemic became the experience of young people more generally, with for example the closure of night-time economies (NTEs). Yet despite some temporary convergence, intersectionally disadvantaged young people ‘at leisure’ have been subject to a particularly problematic confluence of criminalisation, exclusion and stigmatisation in COVID-19 times, which will most likely continue into the post-pandemic future.

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Substance use changes and social role transitions: Proximal developmental effects on ongoing trajectories from late adolescence through early adulthood

Development and Psychopathology ◽

10.1017/s0954579410000544 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 917-932 ◽

Cited By ~ 134

Author(s):

Jeremy Staff ◽

John E. Schulenberg ◽

Julie Maslowsky ◽

Jerald G. Bachman ◽

Patrick M. O'Malley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Transition To Adulthood ◽

Social Roles ◽

Social Role ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Late Adolescence ◽

Work And Family ◽

Family Roles ◽

Role Transitions ◽

Role Changes

AbstractSubstance use changes rapidly during late adolescence and early adulthood. This time in the life course is also dense with social role changes, as role changes provide dynamic context for individual developmental change. Using nationally representative, multiwave longitudinal data from age 18 to 28, we examine proximal links between changes in social roles and changes in substance use during the transition to adulthood. We find that changes in family roles, such as marriage, divorce, and parenthood, have clear and consistent associations with changes in substance use. With some notable exceptions, changes in school and work roles have weaker effects on changes in substance use compared to family roles. Changes in socializing (i.e., nights out for fun and recreation) and in religiosity were found to mediate the relationship of social role transitions to substance use. Two time-invariant covariates, socioeconomic background and heavy adolescent substance use, predicted social role status, but did not moderate associations, as within-person links between social roles and substance use were largely equivalent across groups. This paper adds to the cascading effects literature by considering how, within individuals, more proximal variations in school, work, and family roles relate to variations in substance use, and which roles appear to be most influential in precipitating changes in substance use during the transition to adulthood.

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81 More than just keeping busy: the protective effects of organised activity participation on substance use and violent behaviour among urban youth

10.1136/injuryprev-2017-042560.81 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Andria Eisman ◽

Daniel Lee ◽

Sarah Stoddard ◽

Marc Zimmerman

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Urban Youth ◽

Activity Participation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Violent Behaviour

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The role of substance use coping in linking depression and alcohol use from late adolescence through early adulthood.

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1037/pha0000436 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kelsey E. Magee ◽

Arin M. Connell

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Early Adulthood ◽

Late Adolescence

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Late adolescent outcomes of different developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms in a large longitudinal study

10.31234/osf.io/eb3vj ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lara Carter ◽

Lydia Gabriela Speyer ◽

Arthur Caye ◽

Luis Augusto Rohde ◽

Aja Louise Murray

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Latent Class ◽

Late Onset ◽

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Well Being ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Late Adolescent ◽

Adolescent Outcomes ◽

Uk Millennium Cohort Study ◽

The Uk

Background: There exists substantial heterogeneity in the developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms, with distinctions often made between persistent versus remittent, and early- versus late-onset. However, how these trajectories relate to late adolescent functioning and whether, in particular, later onset trajectories mark a milder subtype remains unclear. Methods: We applied latent class growth analysis to data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (N = 16,703) to evaluate whether developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms (ages 3-17) were associated with differing levels of impairment in peer problems, mental health, substance use, and delinquency at age 17. Results: Our optimal model included five trajectory groups, labelled unaffected (37.6%), mildly affected (34.8%), subclinical remitting (14.4%), adolescent onset (7.6%), and stable high (5.6%). Adolescent onset and stable high trajectories were similarly impaired across all outcomes, other than substance use. Subclinical remitting individuals were impaired on self-esteem and well-being compared to unaffected individuals. Conclusions: By adolescence, those with a later onset have similar impairments to those following an early onset/persistent trajectory. Residual impairment remains for those on a remitting trajectory.

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