scholarly journals STUDY ON PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FURNACE-NICKEL-SLAG POWDER FOR GEOPOLYMER APPLICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Samnur ◽  
H. Husain ◽  
A. Zulfi ◽  
E. H. Sujiono
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Average Crystal Size ◽  
Slag Powder ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Constituent Elements

This research aims to prepare powder of nickel slag from furnace machine, identify, and analyze of the elements or compounds containing in the sample. The data retrieval was done with the analysis of elemental composition, phase microstructures, crystal size, distribution, and composition mapping of the samples by using XRD, Rigaku Miniflex II, and SEM-EDS, Tescan Vega-3. XRD result indicates that the formation which the similar to amorphous phase was identified and the formation at peak 2? = 28.01 is identified as the low quartz (SiO2). FWHM 0.18 was obtained using microcal origin 6.0 and average crystal size 53.37 nm was obtained by applying Scherer equation. SEM results show average grain size of samples which is less than 1?m and maximum to 4?m. Based on EDS result, the main constituent elements are Si 32.86 wt%, Mg 19.40 wt%, and Fe 32.03 wt%, respectively.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyiapkan bubuk slag nikel yang berasal dari furnace, yang dilanjutkan dengan mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis unsur atau paduan yang terkandung di dalamnya. Data diperoleh dengan melakukan analisis terhadap komposisi unsur, fasa mikrostruktur, ukuran Kristal, distribusi dan komposisi paduan dari sampel bubuk slag nikel furnace dengan menggunakan XRD tipe Rigaku Miniflex II dan SEM-EDS tipe Tescan Vega-3. Hasil analisis XRD menunjukkan bahwa formasi yang dihasilkan menyerupai fase amorf dan formasi yang terbentuk pada puncak 2? = 28.01 diidentifikasi sebagai low quartz (SiO2). Dengan menggunakan microcal origin 6.0 diperoleh FWHM 0.18 dan menggunakan persamaan Scherer diperoleh rata-rata ukuran kristal 53.37 nm. Hasil pengukuan SEM menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata ukuran butir dari sampel bubuk slag nikel furnace bervariasi antara minimal 1?m dan maksimum 4 ?m. Berdasarkan pengukuran EDS diperoleh secara berturut-turut bahwa unsur utama penyusun paduan slag nikel furnace adalah Si 32.86 wt%, Mg 19.40 wt%, dan Fe 32.03 wt%.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat-Treatment on the Thermal and Mechanical Stability of Ni/Al2O3 Nanocrystalline Coatings

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Kavian O. Cooke ◽  
Tahir I. Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ali Shar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Al2o3 Coating ◽  
Operational Temperature ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Heat-treatment is a frequently used technique for modifying the physical and chemical properties of materials. In this study, the effect of heat-treatment on the mechanical properties, thermal stability and surface morphology of two types of electrodeposited coatings (pure-Ni and Ni/Al2O3) were investigated. The XRD analyses showed that the crystal structure of the as-deposited coating changes from slightly amorphous to crystalline as the heat-treatment temperature increases. The heat-treatment of both the pure-Ni and the Ni/Al2O3 coating caused an increase of the grain size within the coatings. However, the unreinforced Ni coating experienced a faster growth rate than the Ni/Al2O3 coating, which resulted in a larger average grain size. The temperature-driven changes to the microstructure of the coatings caused a reduction in the hardness and wear resistance of the coatings. The presence of nanoparticles within the Ni/Al2O3 coating can successfully extend the operational temperature range of the coating to 473 K by pinning grain boundaries.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Compositional and Grain Size Measurements Using Laser Opto-Ultrasonic Dual Detection for Additive Manufacturing

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyang Ma ◽  
Xiujuan Hu ◽  
Zhenlin Hu ◽  
Ziqian Sheng ◽  
Shixiang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Manufacturing Quality ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Metal-based additive manufacturing (AM) is a disruptive technique with great potential across multiple industries; however, its manufacturing quality is unstable, leading to an urgent requirement for component properties detection. The distribution of grain size has an important effect on many mechanical properties in AM, while the distribution of added elements, such as titanium (Ti), has a measurable effect on the grain size of an aluminum (Al) alloy. Therefore, the detection of the distributions of grain size and elements is of great significance for AM. In this study, we investigated the distribution of grain size and elements simultaneously for wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) with an Al alloy using laser opto-ultrasonic dual (LOUD) detection. The average grain size obtained from the acoustic attenuation of ultrasonic signals was consistent with the results of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.981 for linear fitting. The Ti element distribution obtained from optical spectra showed that the enrichment of Ti corresponded to the grain refinement area in the detected area. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra showed that the spectral peaks were moved from Al to AlTi and Al2Ti forms in the Ti-rich areas, which confirmed the LOUD results. The results indicated that LOUD detection holds promise for becoming an effective method of analyzing the mechanical and chemical properties of components simultaneously, which could help explain the complex physical and chemical changes in AM and ultimately improve the manufacturing quality.

Properties of Nanophase Materials Synthesized by Mechanical Attrition

1996 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-J. Fecht ◽  
C. Moelle
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Attrition ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Nanophase Materials ◽  
Powder Particles

ABSTRACTMechanical attrition and mechanical alloying has been developed as a versatile alternative to other processing routes in preparing nanophase materials with a broad range of chemical composition and atomic structure. In this process, lattice defects are produced by “pumping” energy into initially single-crystalline powder particles of typically 50 μm particle diameter. This internal refining process with a reduction of the average grain size by a factor of 103 – 104 results from the creation and self-organization of small-angle and high-angle grain boundaries within the powder particles during the milling process. This microstructural evolution has been characterized by X-ray, neutron and electron scattering methods revealing the grain refinement and increase in internal stress. As a consequence, a change of the thermodynamic, mechanical and chemical properties of these materials has been observed with the properties of nanophase materials becoming controlled by the grain size distribution and the specific atomic structure and cohesive energy of the grain or interphase boundaries. An analysis of the thermal stability of attrited powder specimen gives the grain boundary energy of non-equilibrium and fully relaxed grain boundaries as well as their mobility. In summary, it is expected that the study of mechanical attrition processes in the future not only opens new processing routes for a variety of advanced nanophase materials but also improves the understanding of technologically relevant deformation processes, e.g. surface wear, on a nanoscopic level.

Pengaruh Pendopingan Karbon Terhadap Struktur Kristal dan Morfologi TIO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frastica Deswardani ◽  
Helga Dwi Fahyuan ◽  
Rimawanto Gultom ◽  
Eif Sparzinanda
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tio2 Thin Film ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
Carbon Doping ◽  
Tio2 Anatase ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Carbon Analysis

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh konsentrasi doping karbon pada lapisan tipis TiO2 yang ditumbuhkan dengan metode spray terhadap struktur kristal dan morfologi TiO2. Hasil karakterisasi SEM menunjukkan bahwa penambahan doping karbon dapat meningkatkan ukuran butir. Lapisan TiO2 doping karbon 8% diperoleh ukuran butir terbesar adalah 1.35 μm, sedangkan ukuran tekecilnya adalah 0.45 μm. Sementara itu, untuk lapisan tipis TiO2 didoping karbon 15% memiliki ukuran butir terbesar yaitu 1.76 μm dan terkecil 0.9 μm. Hasil XRD menunjukkan seluruh puncak difraksi lapisan tipis TiO2 dengan doping karbon 8% dan 15% merupakan TiO2 anatase. Ukuran kristal lapisan TiO2 didoping karbon 8% diperoleh sebesar 638,08 Å dan untuk pendopingan 15% karbon ukuran kristal lapisan tipis TiO2 adalah 638,09 Å, hal ini menunjukkan ukuran kristal kedua sampel tidak mengalami perubahan yang signifikan.   TiO2 thin film with carbon doping has been successfully grown by spray method. The research on the effect of carbon doping on crystal structure and morfology of TiO2 has been prepared by varying carbon concentration (8% and 15% carbon). Analysis of SEM showed that the addition of carbon may increase the grain size. Thin film of TiO2 doped carbon 8% has the largest grain size 1.35 μm, while the smallest grain size is 0.45 μm. Meanwhile, for thin film TiO2 doped carbon 15% has the largest grain size 1.76 μm and smallest 0.9 μm. The XRD results showed the entire diffraction peak of thin film TiO2 doped carbon 8% and 15% were TiO2 anatase. The crystal size of thin film TiO2 doped carbon 8% was obtained at 638.08 Å and for thin film TiO2 doped carbon 15% the crystalline size of TiO2 thin film was 638.09 Å, this shows that the crystal size of both samples did not change significantly.    

Surface Modification and its Influence on the Microstructure and Creep Resistance of Nickel Based Superalloy René 77 / Modyfikacja Powierzchniowa Oraz Jej Wpływ Na Mikrostrukture I Wytrzymałosc Na Pełzanie Odlewów Z Nadstopu Niklu Ren´E 77

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zielinska ◽  
J. Sieniawski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Cobalt Aluminate ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Average Grain Size

Superalloy René 77 is very wide used for turbine blades, turbine disks of aircraft engines which work up to 1050°C. These elements are generally produced by the investment casting method. Turbine blades produced by conventional precision casting methods have coarse and inhomogeneous grain structure. Such a material often does not fulfil basic requirements, which concern mechanical properties for the stuff used in aeronautical engineering. The incorporation of controlled grain size improved mechanical properties. This control of grain size in the casting operation was accomplished by the control of processing parameters such as casting temperature, mould preheating temperature, and the use of grain nucleates in the face of the mould. For nickel and cobalt based superalloys, it was found that cobalt aluminate (CoAl2O4) has the best nucleating effect. The objective of this work was to determine the influence of the inoculant’s content (cobalt aluminate) in the surface layer of the ceramic mould on the microstructure and mechanical properties at high temperature of nickel based superalloy René 77. For this purpose, the ceramic moulds were made with different concentration of cobalt aluminate in the primary slurry was from 0 to 10% mass. in zirconium flour. Stepped and cylindrical samples were casted for microstructure and mechanical examinations. The average grain size of the matrix ( phase), was determined on the stepped samples. The influence of surface modification on the grain size of up to section thickness was considered. The microstructure investigations with the use of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) enable to examine the influence of the surface modification on the morphology of ’ phase and carbides precipitations. Verification of the influence of CoAl2O4 on the mechanical properties of castings were investigated on the basis of results obtained form creep tests.

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