THE EFFECT OF ALTERATION OF THYROXINE BINDING CAPACITY ON THE DIALYZABLE AND ABSOLUTE FRACTIONS OF TRIIODOTHYRONINE IN CIRCULATION

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Dussault ◽  
D. A. Fisher ◽  
J. T. Nicoloff ◽  
V. V. Row ◽  
R. Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Subjects

ABSTRACT In order to determine the effect of alterations in binding capacity of thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) on triiodothyronine (T3) metabolism, studies were conducted in 10 patients with idiopathically low (7 subjects) or elevated (3 subjects) TBG levels and 10 subjects given norethandrolone (7 male subjects) or oestrogen (3 female subjects). Measurements of serum thyroxine (T4) concentration, maximal T4 binding capacity, serum T3 concentration and per cent dialyzable T3 were conducted. Serum T3 was measured both by chemical and radioimmunoassay methods. In patients with idiopathically low TBG, the mean serum T4 concentration was low (2.4 μg/100 ml), the mean serum T3 level low (55 ng/100 ml), the mean per cent dialyzable T3 increased (0.52%), and the calculated free T3 concentration normal (186 pg/100 ml). In patients with idiopathically high TBG levels the mean T4 concentration was high (10.3 μg/100 ml), the mean T3 level slightly elevated (127 ng/100 ml), the% dialyzable T3 low (0.10%) and the calculated free T3 concentration low normal (123 pg/100 ml). The correlation coefficient between the per cent dialyzable T3 and maximal TBG binding capacity in the 20 subjects was 0.68, a value significant at the P < 0.01 level. Thus, alterations in binding capacity of TBG seem to influence T3 and T4 metabolism similarly; the inverse relationship between the % of dialyzable hormone and total hormone concentration tends to keep the absolue levels of free hormones stable.

SERUM THYROXINE IN THE EARLY PHASE OF SUBACUTE THYROIDITIS

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. B. Christiansen ◽  
K. Siersbæk-Nielsen ◽  
J. E.M. Hansen ◽  
L. Korsgaard Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Competitive Protein Binding ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Serum thyroxine (T4) and other thyroid function tests were studied in 14 patients with subacute thyroiditis and compared with the same parameters in 32 patients with untreated thyrotoxicosis. The mean values of serum T4 and protein-bound iodine (PBI) were found to be elevated to the same extent in the two groups and the calculated T4 iodine did not differ significantly from the PBI in any of the groups. The resin-T3-test and the basal metabolic rate (BMR) mean values were significantly lower in patients with subacute thyroiditis than in patients with thyrotoxicosis. The serum T4 determination based on competitive protein-binding was not influenced by other organic iodinated products, and our results indicate that the elevated serum PBI in subacute thyroiditis is largely due to T4. The lower BMR in patients with subacute thyroiditis is possibly explained by a difference in the thyroxine binding protein (TBP) binding capacity and free T4 in the serum between patients with subacute thyroiditis and those with thyrotoxicosis.

scholarly journals Is the ischiofemoral space value of Japanese hip joints equal to that of Western populations?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Mimura ◽  
Kanji Mori ◽  
Noriaki Okumura ◽  
Kosuke Kumagai ◽  
Tsutomu Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Population ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Western Population ◽  
Japanese Male ◽  
Shortest Distance ◽  
Male Cohort ◽  
Ischiofemoral Space ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Subjects

Abstract Ischiofemoral space (IFS) is a radiological parameter employed for diagnosing ischiofemoral impingement (IFI). The mean IFS value measured with the leg in natural resting position has been reported as 23.0 mm in males and 18.6 mm in females in a patients-based Western population. The normal value of IFS for an Asian population is unknown. This study therefore aimed to investigate whether the IFS value in Japanese hip joints equals that of the Western population. We retrospectively examined 89 consecutive Japanese individuals (178 hips) (46 male subjects with 92 hips, 43 female subjects with 86 hips; mean age 58.7 ± 15.7 years, range 17–84 years) who had undergone computed tomography (CT) for conditions unrelated to hip disorders and ordered by other departments at our institution. All CT scans were performed in a standardized fashion: patient in a flat spine position, hips and knees in extension, and the leg in its natural resting position. IFS was evaluated on axial images as the shortest distance between the ischium and the lesser trochanter. The mean IFSs of this Japanese patient-based population were 20.5 ± 7.3 mm [95% confidence interval (CI) 19.0–22.0] in the male cohort and 13.9 ± 6.5 mm (95% CI 12.6–15.3) in the female cohort. The IFS value was significantly smaller in female subjects than in male subjects. Taking the lower limit of 95% CI into consideration, the IFSs measured in natural leg-resting position in the Japanese male and female groups were significantly smaller than those of the Western populations.

scholarly journals Morphometric Study of Lateral Ventricles of Brain by MRI in Healthy Adults in Northern Zone of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Shahin Sharmin ◽  
Akhtari Afroz ◽  
Md Atiqur Rahman ◽  
Syed Amanul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Age Distribution ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lateral Ventricles ◽  
Imaging Department ◽  
Frontal Horn ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Subjects

Background & Objective: The present study was done to provide information about the morphometric measurement of lateral ventricles of human brain in relation to age and sex in northern Bangladeshi people. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi over a period one year from July 2014 to June 2015. All patients attending at Radiology & Imaging Department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital and at different private hospitals and clinics of Rajshahi city and had normal MRI scan of brain were the study population. A total of 60 individuals of both sexes and age ranging between 18-50 years were included in the study. Having obtained ethical clearance from the Ethical Committee and verbal consent from the patients, the data collection was commenced. Patients were asked to lie on the MRI table in supine position with head fixed and coil placed around the head. MRI was done with MRI machine (Airis II Hitachi 0.3 Tesla) and images were taken by T1WI, T2WI, STAIR, FLAIR. Images were taken from axial, sagittal and coronal planes with sequence slice thickness being 7 mm. From the images of axial slices, six proper slices were selected. Result: Age distribution of the subjects with respect to sex shows that nearly two-thirds (63.3%) of the female subjects were 30 or younger than 30 years old, whereas 50% of the male subjects were early middle-aged (p = 0.110). The mean lengths of frontal horn of right and left lateral ventricles in male subjects were significantly greater than those in female subjects (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001 respectively). Likewise, the right and left ventricular bodies in male subjects were significantly longer than those of their female counterparts (p = 0.033 and p = 0.012 respectively). The length of frontal horn of the lateral ventricles was found to increase with age up to 40 years in both right and left ventricles and then it began to decrease. The mean lengths of frontal horn of right and left lateral ventricles at ages ≤ 30, 31-40 and > 40 years were 27.25, 28.74 and 26.0 mm and 27.57, 28.93 and 27.19 mm respectively. While the three measures of length of frontal horn of right lateral ventricles were significantly heterogeneous (p = 0.049), the three measures of length of frontal horn of left lateral ventricles were not significantly different (p = 0.141).The mean lengths of body of right and left lateral ventricles at different ages were 40.40, 43.98, 45.11 mm and 41.06, 44.52 and 45.21 mm respectively (p = 0.001 andp = 0.001 respectively). Conclusion: The present study concluded that the lateral ventricles vary in size within certain limit according to age, sex and laterality. All the parameters of lateral ventricles (lengths of frontal horn, length of ventricular body) were significantly larger in males than those in females. While the length of frontal horn of the lateral ventricles (of both sides) increases in size up to the age of 40 years and thereafter regresses, the length of ventricular body bears a linear relationship with age throughout life-span. Ibrahim Card Med J 2020; 10 (1&2): 45-50

Gender-related differences of serum thyroxine-binding proteins in the rat

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Emerson ◽  
Joseph H. Cohen ◽  
Ruth A. Young ◽  
Sharon Alex ◽  
Shih-Lieh Fang
Keyword(s):  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Testosterone Administration ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Because little information is available, studies were performed to determine the relationship between gender and sex steroid status on serum T4 binding proteins in the rat. The binding capacity of serum thyroxinebinding globulin was greater in female rats than in male rats (27 ± 1.3 vs 18.0 ± 1.3 nmol/l, p<0.01) and in fasted female rats than in fasted male rats (64.4 ± 2.6 vs 30.8 ± 2.7 nmol/l, p<0.01). The binding capacity of serum transthyretin was lower in female rats than in male rats (2.1 ± 0.1 vs 3.1 ± 0.1 μmol/l, p < 0.01). Neither ovariectomy or orchidectomy affected the binding capacity of serum thyroxine-binding globulin and it was not increased in ovariectomized rats treated with estrogen. Orchidectomy did not cause a decrease in the binding capacity of serum transthyretin and testosterone administration did not increase it. In contrast, ovariectomy caused an increase in the binding capacity of serum transthyretin (Intact = 2.2 ± 0.1 vs ovariectomized = 2.8 ± 0.1 μmol/l, p <0.01) and estrogen administration caused a decrease (ovariectomized = 2.8 ± 0.1 vs ovariectomized + E2 = 1.9 ± 0.1 μmol/l, p <0.05). The results indicate that the binding capacity of serum thyroxine-binding globulin is higher in female rats than in male rats but this difference is not due to differences in the secretion of gonadal hormones. The binding capacity of transthyretin is lower in female rats than in male rats. This is probably due to the higher circulating levels of estrogen in the female compared to the male.

THYROID FUNCTION IN THE PREMATURE AND THE FULL TERM NEWBORN

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Lemarchand-Béraud ◽  
A. R. Genazzani ◽  
F. Bagnoli ◽  
M. Casoli
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Premature Newborns ◽  
Important Reserve ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Free Serum ◽  
Tsh Levels

ABSTRACT Total and free serum thyroxine, plasma thyrotrophin (TSH) levels and, in some cases, the binding capacity of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) were measured in normal and premature newborns. In both groups, an acute release of TSH was observed in the first few hours of life, but this was prolonged over a period of 10 days in the premature newborns. The release of TSH induced, in both groups, an increase of total and free serum thyroxine (T4), reaching thyrotoxic levels. The TBG binding capacity, however, remains normal. This thyroid hyperactivity at birth reveals an important reserve of TSH in the perinatal period and the great metabolic needs of the foetus on the first day of life.

Evaluation of serum triiodothyronine and adjusted triiodothyronine (free triiodothyronine index) in pregnancy.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M E Parslow ◽  
T H Oddie ◽  
D A Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Free Thyroxine Index ◽  
Total Triiodothyronine ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract We measured serum thyroxine (free and total), triiodothyronine (free and total), thyroxine-binding globulin, and triiodothyronine uptake by talc in 97 normal men and 50 pregnant women. Mean serum thyroxine and triiodothyronine concentrations were higher in the pregnant subjects (104 vs. 78 mug/liter and 1.69 vs. 1.30 mug/liter) because of a higher mean thyroxine-binding globulin concentration (70 vs. 38 mg/liter). Mean triiodothyronine uptake by talc was lower in the pregnant subjects (0.82 vs. 1.03). Mean free thyroxine concentrations were similar in the two groups, but mean free triiodothyronine concentrations were 10% lower in the pregnant subjects. Triiodothyronine uptake by talc and the diayzable thyroxine and triiodothyronine fractions were highly correlated (r = 0.85 and r = 0.82, P less than 0.001). Calculated free thyroxine index and free triiodothyronine index values (hyroxine and triiodothyronine indirectly adjusted, using triiodothyronine talc uptake to compensate for differences in thyroxine-binding globulin concentration), were statistically similar (84 vs. 82 and 1.38 vs. 1.34) in pregnant and male subjects. The results indicate that the total triiodothyronine concentration can be normalized on the basis of the triiodothyronine uptake by talc to correct for variations in thyroxine-binding globulin concentration.

scholarly journals Influence of Gender on Some Red Cell Indices, L-Arginine and D-dimer in Malaria Parasite Severity amongst Children Resident in Rivers State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
S. O. Akwuebu ◽  
B. S. Mbeera ◽  
N. C. Ibeh ◽  
E. M. Eze ◽  
Z. A. Jeremiah
Keyword(s):  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Female Subject ◽  
Complicated Malaria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Subjects

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of gender on malaria parasite severity in children resident in Rivers State, Nigeria. Study Design: The study was cross-sectional observational study. Place and Duration of Study: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria, between the month of March and August 2020. Methodology: A total of 822 pediatrics (0-16 years), were randomly selected for this study after due parental consent. 5ml of venous blood was collected from each subject: 1ml was dispensed into paediatric EDTA (for haematologic and parasite density) and 4 ml into sodium citrate bottle for L-arginine assay by ELISA-method, while Full blood count was determined using haematological auto-analyser, Mindray BC-6800. Malaria density was determined by microscopic method using thick and thin Giemsa stained blood smears. Level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results: There was a significant decrease (p<.05) in the mean (41.04±3.80%) neutrophil count in female subject with complicated malaria compared with the control (42.81±0.98%) as against a significant decrease in mean (37.71±0.96%) neutrophil count of female subject with uncomplicated malaria. A significant decrease in neutrophil (28.05±3.37%) of male subjects with complicated malaria and uncomplicated malaria (36.10±0.79%) was seen when compared to control (44.32±0.88%). Again, a significant decrease (p<.05) in eosinophil count of female with complicated malaria (3.32±0.74%) was seen when compared with the control subject (3.81±0.19%) and no significant difference was seen in female subjects with uncomplicated malaria (3.62±0.19%) when compared with the control. A significant increase in eosinophil was seen in male subjects with complicated malaria (4.47±0.66%) and uncomplicated malaria (4.52±0.16%) when compared with the control (3.88±0.17%). There was observed a significant difference (p<.001) in the mean L-arginine values of female subjects with complicated (39.22±9.57pg/ml) and uncomplicated (65.13±2.41 pg/ml) malaria compared with the control (42.85±2.48 pg/ml). However, no significant difference was seen in male subjects with complicated (33.21±8.49) and uncomplicated (45.51±2.00 pg/ml) malaria when compared with control (47.97±2.21 pg/ml). Also, a significant difference (p<0.0019) was seen between the mean D2D values of female subjects with complicated (6436.64±568.94 pg/ml) and uncomplicated (2824.55±143.46 pg/ml) malaria among the study subjects as against the control (1866.39±147.35 pg/ml). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study showed a trend between gender and malaria type did not significantly change haematological parameters with the exception of the immune cells such as NEU, LYM, and EOS. However, a significant increase in L-arginine among female subjects was seen indicating a faster rate of malaria clearance.

Determination of Thyroxine-Binding Globulin

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1132-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Roberts ◽  
T F Nikolai
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Routine Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Supernatant Solution

Abstract A method for determining thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) concentration as the total thyroxine-binding capacity, has been developed. Prior electrophoretic separation of the three serum thyroxine-binding proteins is not required. Serum samples are diluted with a barbital-salicylate buffer pH 8.6, which inhibits thyroxine-binding by prealbumin. After incubation with 100 µg/100 ml thyroxine containing 131l-thyroxine, dextran-coated charcoal is added to the sample, which binds all the thyroxine not bound to TBG. The radioactivity in the supernatant solution is directly related to the concentration of TBG present. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the TBG results for this new assay and the polyacrylamide electrophoretic assay is 0.964. The mean TBG concentration and standard deviation for 80 normals was 19.2 ± 2.6 µg/100 ml. Pregnant women and women taking estrogens had a mean and standard deviation of 35.8 ± 4.8 µg/100 ml. Males from TBG-deficient families had TBG values of 5 µg/100 ml or less, and females from these families had values ranging from 8 to 12 µg/100 ml. The new assay is considerably simpler in equipment requirements and technic than the assays currently being used, and should be more practical for routine clinical laboratory use.

Elevated serum thyroxine-binding globulin by X-chromosome transmission

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Penhaligon ◽  
M. L. Wellby
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Chromosome Transmission ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Maximum Binding Capacity ◽  
Total Triiodothyronine ◽  
Total Thyroxine

Abstract. A kindred with a high prevalence of hereditary serum thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is described. Seventeen of the 29 members of the kindred have the increased TBG trait as demonstrated by a combination of increased serum total thyroxine (T4) and total triiodothyronine (T3) and decreased T3 resin uptake. In 12 of the 17, the anomaly was confirmed by measuring serum TBG activity as maximum binding capacity of T4. The pattern of increased TBG is consistent with X-linked inheritance. One of the affected members had proven thyrotoxicosis and two others were subjected to sub-total thyroidectomy.

THYROXINE-BINDING GLOBULIN DEFICIENCY AND ASSOCIATED NEUROLOGICAL DEFICIT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-645
Author(s):  
Theodore W. AvRuskin ◽  
Lewis E. Braverman ◽  
John F. Crigler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mental Deficiency ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Hereditary Nature

Thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency and significant mental deficiency were found to be associated in four males of one family, all of whom had absence of serum thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). In 18 family members studied, two additional females had a decreased thyroxine (T4) binding capacity of TBG but were not retarded. No other specific cause of the mental retardation could be elicited. The hereditary nature of TBG deficiency and the associated neurological and mental defects could suggest that the gene loci for these disorders are "near" to each other, although no evidence is available to verify this possibility. The spectrum of this disorder should now be widened to include mental retardation as one of its features.

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