ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA BERKEMAMPUAN MATEMATIKA RENDAH BERDASARKAN GENDER

This study aims to fully describe the learning difficulties of students with low mathematical abilities in solving arithmatic division operations based on gender. This research is a descriptive qualtative research with research subjects consisting of 1 female student and 1 male student with low math ability in class IV-A SDN Bugih 1 Pamekasan with the test instrument for the comlpetion of the division count operations aninterviews. The results showed that on thr indicators of difficulty in understanding the concept, the results of the study learning difficulities in female subject (S1) and male subject (S2) in solving the division arithmetic operation, namely the two subjects did not know the concept of division as repeated subtraction. On the indicator of difficulty in applying the principle, the two subjects were unable to do the tiered division correctly because the wo principle of division to the long division. Whereas in the indicator of difficulty in solving verbal problems, the two subjects were unable to write down what wa known and what was asked of the story problem correclty.

PEMAKNAAN DAN PENGALAMAN SEBAGAI TRANSGENDER

This study aims to get an overview of the meaning and experience of being transgender. This study use a qualitative research method, researcher conducted interviews with two subjects, one female to male transgender subject and one male to female subject. This research we will see how the dynamics that transgenders go through and feel. The description of meaning and experience as transgender is seen based on the dynamics that occur in the lives of each subject. The results showed that each subject had a discrepancy between their gender identity and their biological gender identity and had different fluctuations since childhood, continued to develop as adults, but both chose to cover up their gender identity for fear of the consequences. This research can be used for additional information on health administration and education in educating the public about transgender needs. The results showed that the two subjects had similar meanings but different experiences.Individu transgender adalah individu yang identitas gendernya berbeda dengan jenis kelamin biologis yang terberi, sehingga pemaknaan terhadap identitas gender dengan jenis kelamin biologisnya juga mengalami perbedaan dan seringkali memberikan penglaman yang tidak sederhana bagi individu tersebut. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pemaknaan dan penglaman sebagai seorang transgender. Pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan terhadap satu orang transgender female to male dan satu orang transgender male to female yang dipilih secara purposive. Data untuk penelitian ini diperoleh dari wawancara semi terstruktur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua subjek memiliki pemaknaan yang serupa namun pengalaman yang berbeda.

WANITA CANTIK DAN KEJATUHAN PEMERINTAHAN HEBAT DALAM FILEM “TUN FATIMAH” (1962)

Beautiful women have often been associated with great men of authority and governance in various kingdoms. However, according to scholars, the beautiful female subject also serves as a domineering figure that monopolises the man himself. She can also be a contributing factor towards the downfall of an empire and the world of the man she exists in. For instance, this phenomenon occurred during certain Chinese dynasties. Hence, this research, using the film titled “Tun Fatimah” (1962), focuses on studying and analysing the relationship between the beauty of Tun Fatimah – the daughter of the “Dato‟ Bendahara” of Malacca and the wife of Tun Ali – and the creation of a “sultan” (king), who was still a bachelor and governed tyrannically. Subsequently, history witnessed the king‟s downfall as a ruler in the larger context of the Malay World. It also led to fissures within the great Malaccan sultanate. This research utilises a qualitative approach, focusing on the detailed textual-narrative analysis of the film, supported by the epistemology of desire. Findings show that Tun Fatimah‟s beauty, which was befitting as queen for the Malaccan sultanate, is the main factor in contributing to the libido imbalance of the king and the weakness of hegemonic masculinity in the empire. The imbalance triggered the king‟s irrationality as shown through his emotions such as the thirst for vengeance, anger, jealousy, guilt and regret. In conclusion, the factors proved they did contribute fully to creating a tyrannical Malaccan king.

The Metamorphosis of a Female Subject into a Gendered subject: A Study of Easterine Iralu’s A Terrible Matriarchy

It is a universally practised phenomenon across society to conveniently create a dichotomy that is based on the physiological difference between a male and a female. This difference is further defined by the dichotomy of gendered roles and labour that are imposed on them. The hegemony of the gendered ideology makes it all so natural to assign gendered role to a baby the moment it is born. Its body serves as a continuing signifier for the gendered structure of a patriarchal society. Since these gendered ideologies are disseminated through established institutions such as education, religion and law; their manifestations can be found in culture, religion, clothes, discourse, movies, and even in gestures that this polarity between a man and a woman is accepted as natural. There still is no general consent among the cultural anthropologists that an unambiguous matriarchal society existed. Classical scholars like Johann Jakob Bachofen tried to argue that matriarchal society existed on the basis of unreliable historical sources such as Iliad and Odyssey (Bamberger, p.263). Easterine Iralu’s A Terrible Matriarchy intrigues the reader with this highly deceptive title that ironically bares the patriarchy of contemporary Naga society. However, if these reasons are taken into account that Feminism is all about equality and that matriarchy is the flip side of patriarchy with all its horrors; then she is not far from the truth in prefixing “terrible” to “matriarchy”. This article is an attempt to familiarize the milieu of a quintessential Naga girl and her resistance to the anxious process of self-denial imposed upon her by her grandmother who embodies the concept of ‘terrible matriarchy’. The article also concentrates on the typical mechanism of gender construction and how such mechanisms are responsible for metamorphosing a female subject into a gendered subject.

The Postmodern Multi-Layered Narrative of Existential Feminist Subjectivity: The Case of Margaret Atwood’s Alias Grace

Postmodern fiction demonstrates a suspicion about the narrative status of history. Arguably, its project is to reveal the illusion of truth in history because of history's reliance on texts. There is no doubt that historical events occur, but their transmutation into “fact” and their transmission to posterity are limited by their narrativization and textualization. In the Afterword to her novel, Alias Grace (1996) – a fictionalized narrative centering on a real-life person embroiled in a double murder in 1843 – Margaret Atwood reveals her interest in this problem with “history”. She tells the reader, “I have of course fictionalized historical events … as did many commentators on this case who claimed to be writing history”. The purpose of this paper is thus to consider Margaret Atwood’s novel, Alias Grace as a postmodern fiction that seeks to reveal the illusion of truth in history through her use of innovatory narrative techniques. Mikhail Bakhtin’s notion of the “double-voiced” is used to examine the permitted, surface-level utterances – and the necessarily conflicting actual narratives – of the two narrators in Atwood’s novel. However, the term is also applied in the broader feminist/theoretical context of the silencing of the female subject more generally. Atwood establishes a fragmented, multiplicity narrative. This arises from the reported and somewhat self-aware observations of the eponymous Grace and a doctor named Simon Jordan. Seemingly, the author’s own authority does not exist. Atwood thus exploits the slippery nature of language that does not have some kind of “truth” imposed upon it. The historical “truth” about Grace Marks is never revealed, not because Atwood is “leaving it to the reader's imagination” but because Atwood plays with the problem of personality as a social construction. Almost invisible as “author”, Atwood nevertheless reveals just how language can be manipulated and made to conform to a certain version of ‘truth’ and ‘reality’. However, in Alias Grace, Atwood also recuperates the voice of a supposedly murderous woman by revising the myth of woman’s silence and subjugation. Because her speaking voices are required to practice “double-voicing” to be heard, through presenting the reader with both voices, Atwood recuperates the moments of existential liberation to be heard from emergent voices.

Contours of Resistance: The Postcolonial Female Subject and the Diaspora in the Punjabi Short Story

Diaspora literature and theory offer significant critiques of traditional ideas regarding nation-states, identities and dominant cultures. While it is true that the literature of the diaspora has been receiving increasing attention as of late, it is worth noting that works written in the diasporans’ native languages are generally not included in wider discussions about the more complex issues related to the diaspora. As an initial corrective for this deficiency, this article explores selected stories in Punjabi, paying special attention to issues relevant to the lives and experiences of women in diaspora. Diasporic conditions, as most of these stories seem to assert, can be painful for women, but even while negotiating within a diverse system of values, many of them eventually discover possibilities for independence and growth. Such personal improvements are attainable due to their newfound economic liberation, but hard-won economic independence comes with a price. The inclusivity implied by identitary hyphens (i.e. Chinese-American; Mexican-American, etc.), so celebrated in diaspora writings in English, are almost as a rule missing in the fictional accounts studied here. In these accounts, an essential feature of diasporic subjectivity is the double sense of “Otherness” strongly felt by people who, having extricated themselves from the cultural demands of their original group, are not unchallenged members of the dominant culture.

An Ayurveda Approach to the Management of Astigmatism: A Case Report

Astigmatism is a type of refractive error wherein the refraction varies in the different meridian of eye. This accounts for approximately 13% of all refractive errors. Kriyakalpas are the special treatment protocols mentioned for the management of eye disorders in Ayurveda. This paper aims to highlight the benefits of Kriyakalpas in Myopic Astigmatism with a case study, which includes short discussion on the mode of action of various Kriyakalpas based on its bio availability. The efficacy of the treatment plan is dependent on the method of preparation of drug and mode of administration mentioned in classics. It highlights all the above said points on the basis of clinical observations during the treatment of female subject aged 10 years, diagnosed with myopic astigmatism, which can be correlated with features of Prathamapatalagata Timira. She was treated with Nasya, Aschothana, Seka, Pindi and Tarpana. Her visual acuity and Diopteric powers were evaluated before and after the treatment and in follow-ups. There was significant improvement in both the parameters which highlights the benefits of Kriyakalpas in myopic astigmatism.

Playing between concealment and presence

This article is based on the methodology of art-practice-as-research, which departs from my artistic productionWhere is Diana?, a series of photoperformances and videos made between Beijing, Tijuana and City Mexico during 2013-2015. Aware of the obsession with identity, with this proposal I raise the question of whether it is possible to transcend physical and intellectual borders. In my work I include the dynamics of recognition in a paradoxical way, as I present myself hooded, unrecognizable, without identity, placing myself on the border, on the margins, on the limit and in precariousness, through a body that transgresses its place and moves from the private to the public. This theoretical-practical perspective considers the gender perspective, as well as the conceptual tools that feminisms have created to rethink the female subject and de-center it, through a displacement towards what is non-hegemonic or predetermined by biology. The characteristics that are defined as masculine and feminine must be questioned because their meaning is the result of a historical and social practice that has artificially naturalized them. So I propose axes of resistance to subvert gender and national identities, which I argue are fluid and modifiable. Creating this de-centre may lead to the construction of new subjectivities, a framework that expands the possibilities of action and recognition. To achieve this, I relate my artistic process to politics through the reconstruction of the sensible in social space, in the way bodies and their meanings act in that space. The relationship between art, politics, and representation that I propose here does not have to do with a discursive level but focuses on the artistic gesture and how to communicate the affects that are imprinted in the bodies, which have a sensorial and political implication.

Identifying super-feminine, super-masculine and sex-defining connections in the human braingraph

For more than a decade now, we can discover and study thousands of cerebral connections with the application of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) techniques and the accompanying algorithmic workflow. While numerous connectomical results were published enlightening the relation between the braingraph and certain biological, medical, and psychological properties, it is still a great challenge to identify a small number of brain connections closely related to those conditions. In the present contribution, by applying the 1200 Subjects Release of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) and Support Vector Machines, we identify just 102 connections out of the total number of 1950 connections in the 83-vertex graphs of 1064 subjects, which—by a simple linear test—precisely, without any error determine the sex of the subject. Next, we re-scaled the weights of the edges—corresponding to the discovered fibers—to be between 0 and 1, and, very surprisingly, we were able to identify two graph edges out of these 102, such that, if their weights are both 1, then the connectome always belongs to a female subject, independently of the other edges. Similarly, we have identified 3 edges from these 102, whose weights, if two of them are 1 and one is 0, imply that the graph belongs to a male subject—again, independently of the other edges. We call the former 2 edges superfeminine and the first two of the 3 edges supermasculine edges of the human connectome. Even more interestingly, the edge, connecting the right Pars Triangularis and the right Superior Parietal areas, is one of the 2 superfeminine edges, and it is also the third edge, accompanying the two supermasculine connections if its weight is 0; therefore, it is also a “switching” edge. Identifying such edge-sets of distinction is the unprecedented result of this work.