Serum prolactin in uraemia: correlations between bioactivity and activity in two immunoassays

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline R. Smith ◽  
Joan Butler ◽  
Neil Iggo ◽  
Michael R. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Immunoradiometric Assay ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Abstract. The clinical significance of hyperprolactinaemia in uraemic patients is uncertain and discrepancies between immunoactivity and biological activity of serum hPRL have been reported. We have modified the Nb2 cell bioassay to improve specificity for hPRL and used this assay to measure hPRL bioactivity in sera from 26 uraemic patients and 40 control subjects. Seventeen patients were receiving regular haemodialysis and 9 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Levels of hPRL bioactivity were compared with hPRL immunoactivity measured by RIA (PRL-RIA) and by immunoradiometric assay (PRL-IRMA). Serum hPRL levels measured by all three assays were significantly elevated in uraemic patients compared with control subjects (P< 0.001). The immunoradiometric method gave significantly lower results than RIA in control subjects but not in uraemic patients (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in mean ratio of hPRL bioactivity to PRL-RIA between patients and control subjects (1.18 ± 0.05 vs 1.11 ± 0.03, mean ± sem). The ratio of hPRL bioactivity to PRL-IRMA was slightly decreased in uraemic patients compared with controls (P = 0.05). Serum hPRL bioactivity was closely correlated with immunoactivity in both immunoassays (r ≥ 0.96) in patients and controls. These results confirm that elevated serum hPRL levels in uraemic patients represent biologically active hormone which may contribute to hypogonadism.

Biological Activity of Serum Prolactin in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline R Smith ◽  
Joan Butler ◽  
Michael R Norman
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Radioreceptor Assay ◽  
Lymphoma Cell ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Cell Assay ◽  
Essentially Normal ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Prolactin bioactivity was measured in sera from 22 patients with primary hypothyroidism and 13 euthyroid control subjects and compared with estimates of immunoactivity given by radioimmunoassay. The Nb2 rat lymphoma cell assay was modified to improve specificity for prolactin and used to measure bioactivity. Results of serum prolactin levels obtained using the bioassay were closely correlated with radioimmunoassay results in both hypothyroid patients and control subjects. Mean bioactivity/immunoactivity ratios in patients were not significantly different from those in control subjects. Mean prolactin concentration measured by both assays was significantly higher in patients than control subjects. Serum prolactin in patients with primary hypothyroidism appears to have essentially normal bioactivity as measured in the Nb2 assay, in contrast with a report of major differences between activity in radioreceptor assay and RIA in hypothyroid patients.

SECRETION OF DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE BY HUMAN PROSTATE IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mahoudeau ◽  
A. Delassalle ◽  
H. Bricaire
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
Prostatic Hypertrophy ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Plasma levels of testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 29 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and in 56 control men of various ages. No significant difference was found in T, DHT nor DHT/T ratio between BPH and control subjects of similar age. Plasma DHT was higher in the prostatic than in the peripheral veins in 8/9 patients with BPH during laparotomy, indicating a prostatic secretion of DHT. No difference in the mean T nor the mean DHT was found in peripheral plasma before and after adenomectomy.

Thyroid Nodules in Patients with Acromegaly: Frequency According to the ACR TI-RADS Classification and its Relationship with Disease Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Can ◽  
Muhammet Kocabaş ◽  
Melia Karakose ◽  
Hatice Caliskan Burgucu ◽  
Zeliha Yarar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Purpose: In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of thyroid nodules in patients with acromegaly according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classification and its relationship with acromegaly disease activity. Methods: A total of 56 patients with acromegaly and age, sex, and body mass index matched with 56 healthy control subjects were included in our study. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody levels of patients and control subjects were measured. In addition, patients and healthy controls were evaluated by ultrasonography to determine thyroid structure, thyroid volume, and thyroid nodules and to make ACR TI-RADS classification. Results: Thyroid nodules were present in 31 (55.4%) of 56 patients in the acromegaly group and 20 (35.7%) of 56 subjects in the control group, and the frequency of thyroid nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.038). The mean number of nodules in the acromegaly group and control group was 1.27±1.43 and 0.48±0.73, respectively, and the mean number of nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.003). The number of patients with TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules in the acromegaly group was higher than the control group (p=0.026, p=0.049, p=0.007, respectively). No difference was found in terms of cytological findings between those who have undergone FNAB in the acromegaly group and control group. Conclusion: In our study, we found that the frequency of thyroid nodules, the number of thyroid nodules, and the number of TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules increased in patients with acromegaly. There was no significant difference between acromegaly disease activity and thyroid nodule frequency, number of thyroid nodules, and TI-RADS classifications.

scholarly journals Pteroylglutamic acid malabsorption in tropical sprue

Blood ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Corcino ◽  
G Coll ◽  
FA Klipstein
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Sprue ◽  
Perfusion Technique ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pteroylglutamic Acid ◽  
And Control

Abstract Pteroylglutamic acid (PGA) absorption was assessed in ten untreated tropical sprue (TS) and eight control subjects utilizing a marker perfusion technique. Physiologic concentrations of the vitamin (25 ng/ml) dissolved in iso-osmotic solutions containing either mannitol of glucose at a concentration of 55.6 mM were perfused on each subject on two consecutive days. A statistically significant difference in PGA absorption between TS and control subjects was obtained only when glucose was present in the perfusate. Thus, unequivocal malabsorption of PGA is demonstrable in all subjects with TS when more refined techniques than the ones applied heretofore are utilized.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Macroprolactin in Hyperprolactinemic patients receiving Anti-psychotics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loai Ali Al Mortada Al Wasify ◽  
Shaikha Said Al Mamari ◽  
Mohammed Nasser Al Tobi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Radiological Imaging ◽  
Anti Psychotic ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females

Background: Prolactin (PRL) hormone circulates in the blood in three forms, mono-prolactin which constitutes 85 % of prolactin in healthy and hyperprolactinemia conditions, a dimeric prolactin (big PRL) and polymeric PRL (big-big prolactin or Macroprolactin). Macroprolactin in normal conditions is not exceeding 2% of the total serum prolactin and had no biological activity. In some cases, of hyperprolactinemia the dominant form becomes MaPRL and exceeding the 2% percentage of total leading to misdiagnosis of hyperprolactinemia and un-necessary radiological investigations. The aim of this study is to detect the prevalence of MaPRL in Psychiatric patients with hyperprolactinemia due to anti-psychotic medications at Al Masarra hospital. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 190 samples from patients with high prolactin in Al Masarra Hospital either inpatients or out-patient clinics either male or non-lactating not pregnant female. The measurement of Prolactin level was measured by the automated analyser COBAS e411, Roche Diagnostic. Macroprolactin was precipitated by using Polyethylene glycol (PEG). Results: Prevalence of Macroprolactin was 10.5 % of hyperprolactinemic patients receiving antipsychotics. There was a statistically significant difference in gender between the symptomatic and asymptomatic group. There was no significant difference in medications used between the symptomatic and asymptomatic group and there was a statistically significant difference in total Prolactin & Macroprolactin between males and females. Conclusions: Investigation for Macroprolactin should be done in every hyperprolactinemia patient who is receiving antipsychotics more especially the asymptomatic cases to avoid unnecessary radiological imaging and treatment.

scholarly journals Influence of long term stress exposure on somatisation symptoms outcome

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Sabaheta Hasić ◽  
Emina Kiseljaković ◽  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Belma Zečević ◽  
Nešina Avdagić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
War Stress ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
And Control

Long term stress exposure results in somatisation symptoms appearance. Cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and muscle-bone symptoms arise because of intensified activity of autonomic nervous system caused by chronic stress. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between long term war stress exposure and appearance of somatisation. 40 students of health-care faculties in Sarajevo, of both sexes, were included in investigation and divided in two groups-somatisation and control. Somatisation group subjects (N=20) lived in B&H under war conditions, from 1992-1995. Control subjects (N=20) spent the same period outside B&H. For evaluation of somatisation symptoms we used SCL-90-R test. The obtained data were statistically evaluated using Student’s t-test and χ2 test. Confidence level was set at ρ < 0,05. Our results showed statistically significant difference in somatisation level between somatisation and control subjects group. Different intensity of appearance of certain symptoms in male and female was established. The score of somatisation dimension between somatisation and control group showed statistically significant level (p < 0,0001). Study results confirmed correlation of chronic stress exposure (living in war environment) and somatisation symptom appearance. Individual organic systems had various level of symptom expression. The influence of sex on intensity of individual symptoms of somatisation is possible.

THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS OF ACTH AND CORTISONE IN RHEUMATIC FEVER: CARDIOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS IN A CONTROLLED SERIES OF 100 CASES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
T. N. Harris ◽  
Sidney Friedman ◽  
Herbert L. Needleman ◽  
Herbert A. Saltzman
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The therapeutic effects of ACTH and cortisone have been studied in a series of 100 patients with acute rheumatic fever, with special emphasis on cardiologic observations. This series involved cyclical alternation among hormone-treated patients and control patients. The latter received symptomatic and supportive therapy, but not salicylates in large doses. Observations on such patients during the period of hospitalization (did not indicate any significant difference between hormone-treated and control subjects in terms of the appearance or disappearance of cardiac murmurs, the degree of transmission of apical systolic murmurs, incidence and duration of pericarditis, or other cardiologic phenomena recorded. Rates of occurrence of "rebound" phenomena and of complications of the hormone therapy have also been reported.

The orthostatic dysregulation of blood pressure in dizzy patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
Mitsuhiro Aoki ◽  
Yuzuru Sakaida ◽  
Hisamitsu Hayashi ◽  
Nansei Yamada ◽  
Keisuke Mizuta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Otolith Organs ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Visual Vertical ◽  
Orthostatic Dysregulation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Regulation Of Blood Pressure

Objectives: A number of animal studies have confirmed that the otolith organs may contribute to the maintenance of blood pressure during positional change; however, the contribution of such organs remains to be elucidated in humans. Methods: This study investigated whether acute dizzy patients (n = 11) with an abnormal deviation of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) show an abnormality in the orthostatic regulation of blood pressure in comparison to acute dizzy patients with a normal deviation of the SVV (n = 11) and control subjects (n = 11). Results: The average change in the systolic blood pressure (SBP) at 1 minute after active standing in comparison to that at baseline in dizzy patients with an abnormal deviation of the SVV was −6.8 ± 3.0 mmHg. The change was significantly lower than that in the control subjects (2.1 ± 2.6 mmHg, p < 0.05), while the change in dizzy patients with a normal deviation of the SVV (2.6 ± 2.2 mmHg) was not significantly different from that in the control subjects (p > 0.05). Active standing significantly increased the heart rate (HR) in all participants (p < 0.01) and there was no significant difference in the change of the HR among the 3 groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that dizzy patients in the acute phase of recovery from vestibular dysfunction have an orthostatic dysregulation of the blood pressure, thus resulting in such patients suffering from orthostatic intolerance.

scholarly journals Serum Ultrafiltrable Copper, Total Copper and Caeruloplasmin Concentrations in Gynaecological Carcinomas

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Chan ◽  
Felix Wong ◽  
Mano Arumanayagam
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Total Copper ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Serum copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations are elevated in various carcinomas, but it is not known whether the rise in serum copper is due to elevation of caeruloplasmin alone or whether it is also due to the elevation of ‘free’ copper. We therefore determined ultrafiltrable copper to answer this question. Serum ultrafiltrate was prepared using the Amicon micropartition system and ultrafiltrable (free) copper was determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Serum total copper was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and caeruloplasmin by rate nephelometry. There was no significant difference in the ultrafiltrable copper concentration between patients with gynaecological tumours and control subjects. However, total copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations were significantly elevated in cancer patients compared with control subjects. In contrast to total copper and caeruloplasmin concentrations, ultrafiltrable copper concentrations showed no significant increase with increase in the stage of the cancer.

A Combined Study of Cortisol, ACTH and Dexamethasone Concentrations in Major Depression

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Charlton ◽  
A. Leake ◽  
C. Wright ◽  
H. W. Griffiths ◽  
I. N. Ferrier
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Hormone Concentration ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Depressed Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The pathophysiology of hypercortisolaemia in major depression was examined. ACTH was measured using a novel immunoradiometric assay of high specificity and sensitivity. Twenty-eight patients with major depression and 18 control subjects were studied. Blood samples for basal hormone concentration were taken at 09:00, 16:00 and 23:00 on day 1, followed by administration of 1 mg dexamethasone at 23:00. Further samples were taken at 09:00 and 16:00 on day 2. Dexamethasone concentration was measured in day 2 samples and no significant difference was found between the depressed group and control subjects. In the depressed group Cortisol concentration was elevated at 23:00 on day 1, and ACTH concentrations were elevated in post-dexamethasone samples. ACTH and Cortisol concentrations were not directly correlated in individual patients. The elevated plasma Cortisol associated with major depression is not solely mediated by changes in ACTH.

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