WATER AND ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION OF DECIDUAL TISSUE OF THE RAT UTERUS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Bitman ◽  
T. Randall Wrenn ◽  
Helene C. Cecil ◽  
J. F. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
List Type ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Ionic Changes ◽  
Wet Weight

ABSTRACT Studies were made of H2O, Na, K, and Cl in rat uteri with and without deciduoma and in uteri from ovariectomized rats. Samples of whole uterus, endometrium and myometrium were obtained. The proportion of endometrium increased from 6.6 % to 27.2 % when deciduoma were present. Uterine horn weight increased from about 300 mg to over 900 mg. With the development of deciduoma the following effects occurred in whole uterus and myometrium: H2O content increased about 3.5 %. Na and Cl increased 22 % on a dry weight basis, although there were no differences when based upon wet weight. K increased 16 % on a wet weight and 40 % on a dry weight basis. The water and electrolyte content of uteri from ovariectomized rats was very similar to that of uteri without deciduoma. Endometrium could only be obtained from uteri with decidual tissue. H2O, Na, and Cl were about equal to the concentrations in whole uterus with deciduoma, but K was considerably higher than that observed in whole uterus. The ionic changes which the rat uterus exhibits during the development of deciduoma are characteristic of tissue growth. Similar changes have been observed in uterine growth under the influence of progesterone in the rabbit and the cow.

IONIC STUDIES OF DECIDUAL TISSUE GROWTH IN THE RAT UTERUS

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Randall Wrenn ◽  
Helene C. Cecil ◽  
Mary R. Connolly ◽  
Joel Bitman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Water Imbibition ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Composition Characteristic ◽  
Intact Rats

ABSTRACT The sequence of water and electrolyte events was followed during development of deciduoma in rats. Minutes after scratching the endometrium, Na and Cl increased and K decreased, probably due to the influx of blood. These changes were followed by a water imbibition at 24 and 48 hours and an increase in K. Damaged horns increased in weight and width during this period. Water and electrolyte alterations were similar in ovariectomized rats. ovariectomized rats given progesterone, and intact rats during the first 48 hours, suggesting that these initial effects were due to the inflammation resulting from the injury inflicted. During the next 48 hours injured uterine horns of ovariectomized rats regressed and composition approached that of uninjured tissue. In contrast, composition of injured horns of progesterone rats or rats with intact ovaries was markedly different from uninjured tissue. Decidual tissue H2O, K, Na and Cl were significantly higher than in undeveloped uterine horns. Ionic composition characteristic of decidual growth was remarkably similar to the ionic pattern exhibited during the inflammatory state.

scholarly journals THE MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF RHODOPSIN AND THE NATURE OF THE RHODOPSIN-DIGITONIN COMPLEX

1954 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Extinction Coefficient ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Sedimentation Behavior ◽  
A Value ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Single Boundary ◽  
Stoichiometric Complex

The sedimentation behavior of aqueous solutions of digitonin and of cattle rhodopsin in digitonin has been examined in the ultracentrifuge. In confirmation of earlier work, digitonin was found to sediment as a micelle (D-1) with an s20 of about 6.35 Svedberg units, and containing at least 60 molecules. The rhodopsin solutions sediment as a stoichiometric complex of rhodopsin with digitonin (RD-1) with an s20 of about 9.77 Svedberg units. The s20 of the RD-1 micelle is constant between pH 6.3 and 9.6, and in the presence of excess digitonin. RD-1 travels as a single boundary also in the electrophoresis apparatus at pH 8.5, and on filter paper at pH 8.0. The molecular weight of the RD-1 micelle lies between 260,000 and 290,000. Of this, only about 40,000 gm. are due to rhodopsin; the rest is digitonin (180 to 200 moles). Comparison of the relative concentrations of RD-1 and retinene in solutions of rhodopsin-digitonin shows that RD-1 contains only one retinene equivalent. It can therefore contain only one molecule of rhodopsin with a molecular weight of about 40,000. Cattle rhodopsin therefore contains only one chromophore consisting of a single molecule of retinene. It is likely that frog rhodopsin has a similar molecular weight and also contains only one chromophore per molecule. The molar extinction coefficient of rhodopsin is therefore identical with the extinction coefficient per mole of retinene (40,600 cm.2 per mole) and the E(1 per cent, 1 cm., 500 mµ) has a value of about 10. Rhodopsin constitutes about 14 per cent of the dry weight, and 3.7 per cent of the wet weight of cattle outer limbs. This corresponds to about 4.2 x 106 molecules of rhodopsin per outer limb. The rhodopsin content of frog outer limbs is considerably higher: about 35 per cent of the dry weight, and 10 per cent of the wet weight, corresponding to about 2.1 x 109 molecules per outer limb. Thus the frog outer limb contains about five hundred times as much rhodopsin as the cattle outer limb. But the relative volumes of these structures are such that the ratio of concentrations is only about 2.5 to 1 on a weight basis. Rhodopsin accounts for at least one-fifth of the total protein of the cattle outer limb; for the frog, this value must be higher. The extinction (K500) along its axis is about 0.037 cm.2 for the cattle outer limb, and about 0.50 cm.2 for the frog outer limb.

GLYCOGEN IN THE DECIDUAL TISSUE OF THE RAT UTERUS

1962 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. CECIL ◽  
J. BITMAN ◽  
M. R. CONNOLLY ◽  
T. R. WRENN
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Glycogen Deposition

SUMMARY Glycogen was investigated in uteri of intact and progesterone-treated spayed rats with and without deciduomata. Samples of whole uterus, endometrium and myometrium were analysed. With development of deciduoma in intact animals the glycogen concentration of whole uterus increased from 68 to 125 mg./100 g. wet weight. There was no change in the myometrial glycogen concentration; i.e. 74 mg./100 g. without deciduoma and 73 mg./100 g. wet weight in the decidual myometrium. The endometrial glycogen content of decidual tissue was 221 mg./100 g. wet weight. Since myometrial glycogen was constant, the increases observed in the decidual tissue of whole uteri must be due to an increase in the amount of endometrium and/or an increase in the concentration of glycogen in the endometrium. As the deciduoma developed the proportion of endometrium increased from 9% in the uninjured horn to 34% in the injured horn. Thus, an increase in the amount of endometrium contributes to the increase in the glycogen concentration. Similar changes were observed in whole uterus, myometrium and endometrium of the spayed animals treated with progesterone. Previous work on uterine glycogen in rats indicated that oestrogens cause glycogen deposition and this occurs only in the myometrium, while progesterone exhibits no effect. The present results demonstrate that progesterone is responsible for the glycogen increase by stimulating the growth of endometrium—a glycogen-rich tissue. Since no endometrial tissue could be obtained from horns without decidual development, this study could not determine whether progesterone had any effect on glycogen deposition.

Fecal Nickel Excretion by Healthy Adults

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Horak ◽  
F William Sunderman
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Fecal Excretion ◽  
Hospital Workers ◽  
Major Route ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluations

Abstract Nickel was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry in three-day collections of feces from healthy hospital workers (age 22-65) who had lived for more than a year in Hartford, Connecticut. None of the 10 subjects (4/♂ , 6/♀.) had occupational exposure to nickel. Fecal nickel averaged 3.3 µg/g (wet weight); SD, ±0.8; and range, 2.1 to 4.4 µg/g. Corresponding figures on a dry-weight basis were 14.2 µg/g; SD, ±2.7; and range, 10.8 to 18.7 µg/g. The fecal excretion of nickel averaged 258 µg/day (SD, ±126; range, 80 to 540 µg/day). Fecal excretion is evidently the major route for elimination of nickel from the human body. Comprehensive evaluations of environmental or occupational exposures to nickel should also include analyses of nickel in serum, urine, and hair.

Effects of Vitamin D3 Metabolites in Ovariectomized Rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
H. Orimo ◽  
C. Tsutsumi ◽  
N. Hosoya ◽  
Y. Maeda ◽  
H. Yamato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Bone Gla Protein ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D3 Metabolites ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of two vitamin D3 metabolites, 24 R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and lα,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, were investigated in ovariectomized rats. The amount of ash in the femur on a defatted dry weight basis was significantly greater in rats treated with 1 μg/kg 24 R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, or 0.01 or 0.1 μg/kg lα,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 than in the controls. The concentration of bone gla protein in serum and amounts in the femur were significantly greater in rats treated with 1 or 10 Mg/kg 24 R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, but not those given 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 compared with the controls. These results suggest that 24 R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 increased bone mass probably through the stimulation of bone formation.

scholarly journals BUTYLTIN RESIDUES IN SEDIMENTS FROM THE EASTERN GULF OF THAILAND

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Nichaya Praditsup ◽  
Gullaya Wattayakorn
Keyword(s):  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Gulf Of Thailand ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Butyltin Compounds

Concentrations of monobutyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and tributyltin (TBT) compounds were analyzed in surface sediment samples collected from twelve stations along the Eastern Gulf of Thailand. The total butyltin (∑BTs) concentrations ranged between <1 and 109.7 ng g (dry weight). The overall concentration ranges found in the sediments were from <1 to 79.81 ng g-1 for MBT, from <1 to 9.5 ng g -1 for DBT, and from <1 to 29.8 ng g-1 for TBT, on a dry weight basis. MBT generally prevailed in most of the samples, suggesting the occurrence of old inputs of butyltin compounds in the area. Butyltin compounds were also measured in Nassarius sp., where ∑BTs concentrations were found to range between <1 and 238 ng g-1 (wet weight). The level of butyltin compounds in gastropod tissue samples tended to be related to that of the sediments and percentage of imposex incidence.

scholarly journals Analysis of Fresh Mushroom Compost

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Fidanza ◽  
David L. Sanford ◽  
David M. Beyer ◽  
David J. Aurentz
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Wet Weight

Fresh mushroom compost is a byproduct of the edible mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) industry and represents the composted growing substrate that remains after a crop has been harvested to completion. Thirty samples were obtained from commercial mushroom farms in southeastern Pennsylvania and sent to a laboratory for analysis to determine plant nutrient content, bulk density, and particle size distribution of fresh mushroom compost. Fresh mushroom compost had an average pH of 6.6, with an average carbon:nitrogen ratio of 13:1. Organic matter content averaged 25.86% (wet weight), 146.73 lb/yard3 (wet volume) or 60.97% (dry weight). For the primary macronutrients, average total nitrogen content averaged 1.12% (wet weight), 6.40 lb/yard3 (wet volume) or 2.65% (dry weight), phosphorus measured 0.29% (wet weight), 1.67 lb/yard3 (wet volume) or 0.69% (dry weight), and potassium was 1.04% (wet weight), 5.89 lb/yard3 (wet volume) or 2.44% (dry weight). Average soluble salt content was 13.30 mmho/cm (wet weight basis). However, on a per acre basis, the calculated sodium absorption ratio of 0.38 was considered very low. The average bulk density of fresh mushroom compost was 574.73 lb/yard3 (wet volume basis), and 91% of the material measured ≤3/8 inch in diameter as determined on a wet weight basis. Overall, fresh mushroom compost is suitable as a natural organic fertilizer and soil amendment for agriculture and horticulture.

scholarly journals The Influence of Alginate and CaCl2 concentration Towards Betacyanin content and Antioxidant Activity of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus Polyrhizus) restructuring product

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Wira Wanti Bangalino ◽  
Lydia Ninan Lestario ◽  
Cucun Alep Riyanto
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Alginate Concentration ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Cacl2 Concentration ◽  
Hylocereus Polyrhizus

<p style="text-align: justify;">The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of alginate and CaCl2 concentration of antioxidant activity and betacyanin content of restructuring product of red dragon fruit, and to determine the best formulation of the product restructuring that produces antioxidant activity and the content of the highest betacyanin on product restructuring. Data were analyzed by 4x2 Factorial Design and Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications. As the first factor is the alginate concentration which are 2 %, 3 %, 4 % and 5 %. The second factors are calcium cloride (CaCl2 ) 0.5 % and 0.75 %, while as the block is the time analysis. To test the differences between treatments means, the Honestly Significant of Differences (HSD) were used at 5% level of significant.The results showed that the higher concentrations of alginate and CaCl2 causes declining content of antioxidant activity and betacyanin, the best results are obtained is at a concentration of 2% alginate and CaCl2 0.5% with betacyanin levels 0.537 ± 0.062 mg/g dry weight basis and 0.132 ± 0.011 mg / g wet weight basis. The antioxidant activity of H. polyrhyzus restructuring amounted to 77.452% ± 0.624. ©2016 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.</p>

Essential Elements in Dry and Canned Butter Beans (Phaseolus limensis L.)

1989 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-206
Author(s):  
ANTHONY LOPEZ ◽  
HARRIET L. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Element Content ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Process Element

Ten essential elements were determined in dry and canned butter beans (Phaseolus limensis L.) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Samples were taken at different stages during the canning process to determine where changes in element content occurred. The content of each sample was compared statistically to other samples taken within the process. Element retention, excluding chloride and sodium, ranged from 51 to 84% on a dry weight basis, and 14 to 24% on wet weight basis.

Essential Elements in Dry and Canned Chick Peas (Cicer arietinum L.)

1988 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 574-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY LOPEZ ◽  
HARRIET L. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Process Element

Ten essential elements were determined in dry and canned chick peas (Cicer arietinum L.) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Samples were taken at different stages during the canning process to determine where changes in element content occurred. The content of each sample was compared statistically to other samples taken within the process. Element retention, excluding chloride and sodium, ranged from 12 to 127% on a dry weight basis and 4 to 45% on wet weight basis.

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