GLYCOGEN IN THE DECIDUAL TISSUE OF THE RAT UTERUS

1962 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. CECIL ◽  
J. BITMAN ◽  
M. R. CONNOLLY ◽  
T. R. WRENN
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Glycogen Deposition

SUMMARY Glycogen was investigated in uteri of intact and progesterone-treated spayed rats with and without deciduomata. Samples of whole uterus, endometrium and myometrium were analysed. With development of deciduoma in intact animals the glycogen concentration of whole uterus increased from 68 to 125 mg./100 g. wet weight. There was no change in the myometrial glycogen concentration; i.e. 74 mg./100 g. without deciduoma and 73 mg./100 g. wet weight in the decidual myometrium. The endometrial glycogen content of decidual tissue was 221 mg./100 g. wet weight. Since myometrial glycogen was constant, the increases observed in the decidual tissue of whole uteri must be due to an increase in the amount of endometrium and/or an increase in the concentration of glycogen in the endometrium. As the deciduoma developed the proportion of endometrium increased from 9% in the uninjured horn to 34% in the injured horn. Thus, an increase in the amount of endometrium contributes to the increase in the glycogen concentration. Similar changes were observed in whole uterus, myometrium and endometrium of the spayed animals treated with progesterone. Previous work on uterine glycogen in rats indicated that oestrogens cause glycogen deposition and this occurs only in the myometrium, while progesterone exhibits no effect. The present results demonstrate that progesterone is responsible for the glycogen increase by stimulating the growth of endometrium—a glycogen-rich tissue. Since no endometrial tissue could be obtained from horns without decidual development, this study could not determine whether progesterone had any effect on glycogen deposition.

WATER AND ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION OF DECIDUAL TISSUE OF THE RAT UTERUS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Bitman ◽  
T. Randall Wrenn ◽  
Helene C. Cecil ◽  
J. F. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
List Type ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Ionic Changes ◽  
Wet Weight

ABSTRACT Studies were made of H2O, Na, K, and Cl in rat uteri with and without deciduoma and in uteri from ovariectomized rats. Samples of whole uterus, endometrium and myometrium were obtained. The proportion of endometrium increased from 6.6 % to 27.2 % when deciduoma were present. Uterine horn weight increased from about 300 mg to over 900 mg. With the development of deciduoma the following effects occurred in whole uterus and myometrium: H2O content increased about 3.5 %. Na and Cl increased 22 % on a dry weight basis, although there were no differences when based upon wet weight. K increased 16 % on a wet weight and 40 % on a dry weight basis. The water and electrolyte content of uteri from ovariectomized rats was very similar to that of uteri without deciduoma. Endometrium could only be obtained from uteri with decidual tissue. H2O, Na, and Cl were about equal to the concentrations in whole uterus with deciduoma, but K was considerably higher than that observed in whole uterus. The ionic changes which the rat uterus exhibits during the development of deciduoma are characteristic of tissue growth. Similar changes have been observed in uterine growth under the influence of progesterone in the rabbit and the cow.

Influence de la thiourée sur la charge en glycogéne du foie de l'embryon de poulet

Development ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-384
Author(s):  
Nicole Daugéras
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Glycogen Level ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Liver Glycogen Content ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Embryo Liver

Influence of thiourea on the glycogen content of the liver of the chick embryo In the developing chick embryo, liver glycogen appears on the sixth day of incubation. The glycogen content increases from the sixth day, but decreases on the twelfth day before increasing again. This decrease on day 12 might be related to the onset of thyroid activity, which would be responsible for an increased rate of utilization of the substrates. An antithyroid drug, thiourea, has been injected on day 6·0. The liver glycogen concentration of the thiourea-treated chick embryos was determined from the tenth to the fifteenth days and compared with that of the control embryos. (i) On days 11 and 12 the liver glycogen concentration of the injected embryos is higher than that of the controls. (ii) On day 13 the liver glycogen level of treated embryos decreases; this decrease might be correlated with possible functional activity of the thyroid glands if their biosynthesis is no longer inhibited by the thiourea injection or with thyroid hormones possibly coming from the yolk. (iii) On days 14 and 15 no difference is observed between the liver glycogen content of the thiourea-treated embryos and that of the controls.

Organ-specific metabolism during anoxia and recovery from anoxia in the cherrystone clam, Mercenaria mercenaria

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2674-2681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra A. Korycan ◽  
Kenneth B. Storey
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Mercenaria Mercenaria ◽  
Mantle Cavity ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Intermediary Metabolites ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Imino Acids ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Wet Weight

The levels of intermediary metabolites and end products were quantified in the tissues of the cherrystone clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, over a time course of 96 h of anoxia followed by 48 h of aerobic recovery. Succinate and alanine accumulated as anaerobic products while glycogen and aspartate were utilized as substrates. Succinate accumulation ranged from 12–14 μmol/g wet weight in muscle (phasic and catch adductor, foot) to 25 μmol/g in gill and mantle with 32 μmol/mL released into the mantle cavity fluid. Lesser amounts of alanine were produced, the ratio succinate:alanine varying from 1.4:1 in phasic adductor to 3.2:1 in mantle at 96 h. Aspartate reserves apparently supply the carbon for succinate synthesis over the first 6–12 h of anoxia; subsequent succinate and alanine production probably results from glycogen fermentation. The imino acids alanopine and strombine were not produced in appreciable amounts (<1 μmol/g) during anoxia. When returned to aerated seawater, control levels of alanine and aspartate were reestablished within 24 h; accumulated succinate was catabolized within 48 h. Glycogen content of all tissues showed a sharp decline after 6 h of recovery, perhaps due to enhanced energy demands, but levels increased later in recovery. Tissue ATP levels, which were depressed during anoxia, were restored by 24 h.

Muscle glycogen recovery after exercise during glucose and fructose intake monitored by13C-NMR

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1495-1500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianus J. Van Den Bergh ◽  
Sibrand Houtman ◽  
Arend Heerschap ◽  
Nancy J. Rehrer ◽  
Hendrikus J. Van Den Boogert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Fructose Intake ◽  
Glycogen Stores ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
C Nmr

Van Den Bergh, Adrianus J., Sibrand Houtman, Arend Heerschap, Nancy J. Rehrer, Hendrikus J. Van Den Boogert, Berend Oeseburg, and Maria T. E. Hopman. Muscle glycogen recovery after exercise during glucose and fructose intake monitored by13C-NMR. J. Appl. Physiol. 81(4): 1495–1500, 1996.—The purpose of this study was to examine muscle glycogen recovery with glucose feeding (GF) compared with fructose feeding (FF) during the first 8 h after partial glycogen depletion by using13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on a clinical 1.5-T NMR system. After measurement of the glycogen concentration of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle in seven male subjects, glycogen stores of the VL were depleted by bicycle exercise. During 8 h after completion of exercise, subjects were orally given either GF or FF while the glycogen content of the VL was monitored by13C-NMR spectroscopy every second hour. The muscular glycogen concentration was expressed as a percentage of the glycogen concentration measured before exercise. The glycogen recovery rate during GF (4.2 ± 0.2%/h) was significantly higher ( P < 0.05) compared with values during FF (2.2 ± 0.3%/h). This study shows that 1) muscle glycogen levels are perceptible by 13C-NMR spectroscopy at 1.5 T and 2) the glycogen restoration rate is higher after GF compared with after FF.

Estrogenic effects of the enantiomers of o,p′-DDT in Japanese quail

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. McBlain ◽  
V. Lewin ◽  
F. H. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Female Quail ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Sensitive Parameters

Immature female Japanese quail were given three daily intraperitoneal injections of (±)-o,p′-DDT, (−)-o,p′-DDT, or (+)-o,p′-DDT. Seventy-two hours after the first injection the oviducts were excised and the estrogen-sensitive parameters, oviducal wet weight and oviducal glycogen content, were measured. The levo enantiomer of o,p′-DDT was a more active estrogen than the dextro form in the immature female quail. The differing estrogenic activities of the o,p′-DDT enantiomers apparently were not the result of a differential transport within the birds. A dietary dose of 200 ppm of (±)-o,p′-DDT was not estrogenic in immature female quail when administered for 3 or 7 days. Neither enantiomer of o,p′-DDT was able to offset a light-stimulated testicular wet weight increase in male Japanese quail.

Pro- and macroglycogenolysis during repeated exercise: roles of glycogen content and phosphorylase activation

2001 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 880-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Shearer ◽  
I. Marchand ◽  
M. A. Tarnopolsky ◽  
D. J. Dyck ◽  
T. E. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Glycogen Phosphorylase ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Repeated Exercise ◽  
Glycogen Utilization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male Subjects

This study examined the relationship between preexercise muscle glycogen content and glycogen utilization in two physiological pools, pro- (PG) and macroglycogen (MG). Male subjects ( n = 6) completed an exercise and dietary protocol before the experiment that resulted in one leg with high glycogen (HL) and one with low glycogen (LL). Preexercise PG levels were 312 ± 29 and 208 ± 31 glucosyl units/kg dry wt (dw) ( P ≤ 0.05) in the HL and LL, respectively, and the corresponding values for MG were 125 ± 37 and 89 ± 43 mmol glucosyl units/kg dw ( P ≤ 0.05). Subjects then performed two 90-s exercise bouts at 130% maximal oxygen uptake separated by a 10-min rest period. Biopsies were obtained at rest and after each exercise bout. Preexercise glycogen concentration was correlated to net glycogenolysis for both PG and MG for bout 1 and bouts 1 and 2 ( r ≤ 0.60). In bout 1, there was no difference in the rate of PG or MG catabolism between HL and LL despite a 26% increase ( P ≤ 0.05) in glycogen phosphorylase transformation ( phos a %) in the HL. In the second bout, more PG was catabolized in the HL vs. LL (38 ± 9 vs. 9 ± 6 mmol glucosyl units · kg dw−1 · min−1) ( P ≤ 0.05) with no difference between legs in phos a %. phos a% was increased in HL vs. LL but does not necessarily increase glycogenolysis in either PG or MG. Despite both legs performing the same exercise and having identical metabolic demands, the HL catabolized 2.3 ( P ≤ 0.05) times more PG and 1.5 ( P ≤ 0.05) times more MG vs. LL in bouts 1 and 2, indicating that preexercise glycogen concentration is a regulator of glycogenolysis.

COMPARISON OF OESTROGEN-INDUCED GLYCOGENESIS IN THE UTERUS OF THE RAT, RABBIT AND SHEEP

1967 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Bitman ◽  
Helene C. Cecil ◽  
Joan R. Wood ◽  
T. Randall Wrenn
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Relative Expansion ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Glucose Availability

ABSTRACT Essentially similar 2- to 3-fold increases in glycogen concentration were observed in uteri of rats, rabbits and sheep in the first six to ten hours after administration of 17β-oestradiol. Rats and rabbits were treated with alloxan to assess the effect of high circulating levels of glucose upon uterine glycogen and upon uterine glucose shifts. Uterine glycogen was elevated to a level almost as high as that achieved under oestrogen stimulation. Oestrogen administration caused a further increase in glycogen concentration. Free uterine glucose was measured in each species to see whether an increase in glucose availability occurred. The relative expansion in glucose space was compared to chloride space (used as an index of extracellular volume) to determine if there was an influx of glucose into the uterine cell. In the rat uterus and in the sheep endometrium, increases in free uterine glucose were observed, but the rabbit uterus and sheep myometrium synthesized glycogen without showing an increase in free glucose in the tissue.

EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE ON COLLAGEN BREAKDOWN AND TISSUE COLLAGENOLYTIC ACTIVITY IN THE INVOLUTING RAT UTERUS

1975 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOUKO HALME ◽  
J. F. WOESSNER
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Collagenolytic Activity ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Uterine Involution ◽  
Wet Weight

SUMMARY Progestational agents were studied for their effects on collagenolytic activity and loss of collagen and wet weight from the involuting post-partum rat uterus. Administration of very large doses of progesterone (80–150 mg/day) significantly retarded uterine involution and loss of collagen. This was accompanied by a significant reduction in uterine collagenolytic activity. By 72 h post partum, uteri of rats treated with 150 mg progesterone/day had wet weights 30% above, collagen 85% above, and collagenolytic activity 45% below, those of the control uteri. Similar effects were produced by 17α-acetoxy-6α-methylprogesterone at the same dosage levels. However, the progestational agent 6α-chloro-17α-acetoxypregna-4,6-diene-3,20dione acetate had no effect in this system.

scholarly journals Effects of dexamethasone on the glucogenic capacity of fetal, pregnant, and non-pregnant adult sheep

2007 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
K L Franko ◽  
D A Giussani ◽  
A J Forhead ◽  
A L Fowden
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Level ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment ◽  
Fetal Plasma ◽  
G6pase Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Relevant Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Glycogen Deposition

Fetal glucocorticoids have an important role in the pre-partum maturation of physiological systems essential for neonatal survival such as glucogenesis. Consequently, in clinical practice, synthetic glucocorticoids, like dexamethasone, are given routinely to pregnant women threatened with pre-term delivery to improve the viability of their infants. However, little is known about the effects of maternal dexamethasone treatment on the glucogenic capacity of either the fetus or mother. This study investigated the effects of dexamethasone treatment using a clinically relevant dose and regime on glycogen deposition and the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in the liver and kidney of pregnant ewes and their fetuses, and of non-pregnant ewes. Dexamethasone administration increased the glycogen content of both the fetal and adult liver within 36 h of beginning treatment. It also increased G6Pase activity in the liver and kidney of the fetuses but not of their mothers or the non-pregnant ewes. Neither hepatic nor renal PEPCK activity was affected by dexamethasone in any group of animals. These changes in glycogen content and G6Pase activity were accompanied by rises in the plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and by a fall in the plasma cortisol level in the fetus and both groups of adult animals. In addition, dexamethasone treatment raised fetal plasma tri-iodothyronine (T3) concentrations and reduced maternal levels of plasma T3 and thyroxine, but had no effect on thyroid hormone concentrations in the non-pregnant ewes. These findings show that maternal dexamethasone treatment increases the glucogenic capacity of both the mother and fetus and has major implications for glucose availability both before and after birth.

IONIC STUDIES OF DECIDUAL TISSUE GROWTH IN THE RAT UTERUS

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Randall Wrenn ◽  
Helene C. Cecil ◽  
Mary R. Connolly ◽  
Joel Bitman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Water Imbibition ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Composition Characteristic ◽  
Intact Rats

ABSTRACT The sequence of water and electrolyte events was followed during development of deciduoma in rats. Minutes after scratching the endometrium, Na and Cl increased and K decreased, probably due to the influx of blood. These changes were followed by a water imbibition at 24 and 48 hours and an increase in K. Damaged horns increased in weight and width during this period. Water and electrolyte alterations were similar in ovariectomized rats. ovariectomized rats given progesterone, and intact rats during the first 48 hours, suggesting that these initial effects were due to the inflammation resulting from the injury inflicted. During the next 48 hours injured uterine horns of ovariectomized rats regressed and composition approached that of uninjured tissue. In contrast, composition of injured horns of progesterone rats or rats with intact ovaries was markedly different from uninjured tissue. Decidual tissue H2O, K, Na and Cl were significantly higher than in undeveloped uterine horns. Ionic composition characteristic of decidual growth was remarkably similar to the ionic pattern exhibited during the inflammatory state.

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