IONIC STUDIES OF DECIDUAL TISSUE GROWTH IN THE RAT UTERUS

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Randall Wrenn ◽  
Helene C. Cecil ◽  
Mary R. Connolly ◽  
Joel Bitman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Water Imbibition ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Composition Characteristic ◽  
Intact Rats

ABSTRACT The sequence of water and electrolyte events was followed during development of deciduoma in rats. Minutes after scratching the endometrium, Na and Cl increased and K decreased, probably due to the influx of blood. These changes were followed by a water imbibition at 24 and 48 hours and an increase in K. Damaged horns increased in weight and width during this period. Water and electrolyte alterations were similar in ovariectomized rats. ovariectomized rats given progesterone, and intact rats during the first 48 hours, suggesting that these initial effects were due to the inflammation resulting from the injury inflicted. During the next 48 hours injured uterine horns of ovariectomized rats regressed and composition approached that of uninjured tissue. In contrast, composition of injured horns of progesterone rats or rats with intact ovaries was markedly different from uninjured tissue. Decidual tissue H2O, K, Na and Cl were significantly higher than in undeveloped uterine horns. Ionic composition characteristic of decidual growth was remarkably similar to the ionic pattern exhibited during the inflammatory state.

WATER AND ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITION OF DECIDUAL TISSUE OF THE RAT UTERUS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Bitman ◽  
T. Randall Wrenn ◽  
Helene C. Cecil ◽  
J. F. Sykes
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
List Type ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Ionic Changes ◽  
Wet Weight

ABSTRACT Studies were made of H2O, Na, K, and Cl in rat uteri with and without deciduoma and in uteri from ovariectomized rats. Samples of whole uterus, endometrium and myometrium were obtained. The proportion of endometrium increased from 6.6 % to 27.2 % when deciduoma were present. Uterine horn weight increased from about 300 mg to over 900 mg. With the development of deciduoma the following effects occurred in whole uterus and myometrium: H2O content increased about 3.5 %. Na and Cl increased 22 % on a dry weight basis, although there were no differences when based upon wet weight. K increased 16 % on a wet weight and 40 % on a dry weight basis. The water and electrolyte content of uteri from ovariectomized rats was very similar to that of uteri without deciduoma. Endometrium could only be obtained from uteri with decidual tissue. H2O, Na, and Cl were about equal to the concentrations in whole uterus with deciduoma, but K was considerably higher than that observed in whole uterus. The ionic changes which the rat uterus exhibits during the development of deciduoma are characteristic of tissue growth. Similar changes have been observed in uterine growth under the influence of progesterone in the rabbit and the cow.

POSSIBLE ROLE OF 5α-ANDROSTANE-3α,17β-DIOL IN THE CONTROL OF FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE SECRETION IN THE IMMATURE FEMALE RAT

1982 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. A. MEIJS-ROELOFS ◽  
P. KRAMER ◽  
L. GRIBLING-HEGGE
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Immature Rat ◽  
Rat Strain ◽  
Intact Rats

A possible role of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (3α-androstanediol) in the control of FSH secretion was studied at various ages in ovariectomized rats. In the rat strain used, vaginal opening, coincident with first ovulation, generally occurs between 37 and 42 days of age. If 3α-androstanediol alone was given as an ovarian substitute, an inhibitory effect on FSH release was evident with all three doses tested (50, 100, 300 μg/100 g body wt) between 13 and 30 days of age; at 33–35 days of age only the 300 μg dose caused some inhibition of FSH release. Results were more complex if 3α-androstanediol was given in combined treatment with oestradiol and progesterone. Given with progesterone, 3α-androstanediol showed a synergistic inhibitory action on FSH release between 20 and 30 days of age. However, when 3α-androstanediol was combined with oestradiol a clear decrease in effect, as compared to the effect of oestradiol alone, was found between 20 and 30 days of age. Also the effect of combined oestradiol and progesterone treatment was greater than the effect of combined treatment with oestradiol, progesterone and 3α-androstanediol. At all ages after day 20 none of the steroid combinations tested was capable of maintaining FSH levels in ovariectomized rats similar to those in intact rats. It is concluded that 3α-androstanediol might play a role in the control of FSH secretion in the immature rat, but after day 20 the potentially inhibitory action of 3α-androstanediol on FSH secretion is limited in the presence of oestradiol.

GLYCOGEN IN THE DECIDUAL TISSUE OF THE RAT UTERUS

1962 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. CECIL ◽  
J. BITMAN ◽  
M. R. CONNOLLY ◽  
T. R. WRENN
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Glycogen Concentration ◽  
Decidual Tissue ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Glycogen Deposition

SUMMARY Glycogen was investigated in uteri of intact and progesterone-treated spayed rats with and without deciduomata. Samples of whole uterus, endometrium and myometrium were analysed. With development of deciduoma in intact animals the glycogen concentration of whole uterus increased from 68 to 125 mg./100 g. wet weight. There was no change in the myometrial glycogen concentration; i.e. 74 mg./100 g. without deciduoma and 73 mg./100 g. wet weight in the decidual myometrium. The endometrial glycogen content of decidual tissue was 221 mg./100 g. wet weight. Since myometrial glycogen was constant, the increases observed in the decidual tissue of whole uteri must be due to an increase in the amount of endometrium and/or an increase in the concentration of glycogen in the endometrium. As the deciduoma developed the proportion of endometrium increased from 9% in the uninjured horn to 34% in the injured horn. Thus, an increase in the amount of endometrium contributes to the increase in the glycogen concentration. Similar changes were observed in whole uterus, myometrium and endometrium of the spayed animals treated with progesterone. Previous work on uterine glycogen in rats indicated that oestrogens cause glycogen deposition and this occurs only in the myometrium, while progesterone exhibits no effect. The present results demonstrate that progesterone is responsible for the glycogen increase by stimulating the growth of endometrium—a glycogen-rich tissue. Since no endometrial tissue could be obtained from horns without decidual development, this study could not determine whether progesterone had any effect on glycogen deposition.

Leuprolide acetate affects intestinal motility in female rats before and after ovariectomy

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. G185-G190
Author(s):  
R. Khanna ◽  
R. M. Browne ◽  
A. D. Heiner ◽  
M. H. Clench ◽  
J. R. Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Leuprolide Acetate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intact Rats

Leuprolide acetate, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue, is currently being proposed to control debilitating symptoms in women with functional bowel disease. Whether leuprolide alters gastrointestinal motility as part of its actions is unknown. This study was designed to assess, using myoelectric techniques in an animal model, the effects of leuprolide on potential mechanisms of neuromuscular function of small intestine. Female rats with (n = 6) or without (n = 8) bilateral ovariectomy were used to study jejunal motility before and after leuprolide therapy. Throughout the study, daily leuprolide dosages of 0.02, 0.2, or 0.4 micrograms/kg were injected into intact rats and 0.02, 0.2, 0.4, 1.0, or 2.5 micrograms/kg into ovariectomized rats. Recordings were made while the rats were fasted and postprandial and before and after leuprolide administration. Under control conditions, migrating myoelectric complexes (MMCs) were found in intact female rats, whether fasted or postprandial. After ovariectomy, postprandial controls and those treated with low-dose leuprolide (0.02, 0.2, and 0.4 micrograms) had typical fed-state patterns and no MMCs, but at 1.0 and 2.5 micrograms the fed state was inhibited and cycling MMCs occurred at a frequency similar to that of fasted controls. Reproductive hormones thus have a significant effect on gastrointestinal motility.

THE UPTAKE AND AUTORADIOGRAPHIC LOCALIZATION OF TRITIATED OESTRADIOL IN THE RAT UTERUS AFTER LOCAL APPLICATION

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
BETTY G. MOBBS
Keyword(s):  
Local Application ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Free Steroid

SUMMARY The distribution of radioactivity present in uterine tissue was investigated at various times after the injection of small amounts of tritiated oestradiol into the lumen of the uteri of ovariectomized rats. The highest amounts of radioactivity were present as free steroid 30 min. to 1 hr. after injection and a considerable amount was still present after 5 hr. Autoradiographs indicated that the distribution of labelling changed with time after injection, being heaviest initially in the epithelium, but being mainly located in or near the nuclei of both epithelium and stroma when maximum radioactivity was present. It is suggested that these sites are specific for oestrogens, and that many of the sites initially occupied are unspecific.

THE COMBINED EFFECT OF MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS AND CORTICOSTEROIDS ON THE PITUITARY-GONADAL SYSTEM OF MALE RATS

1966 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. ZOR ◽  
H. AILABOUNI ◽  
F. G. SULMAN
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Accessory Sex Glands ◽  
Somatotrophic Hormone ◽  
Intact Rats

SUMMARY The mechanism by which combined treatment with monoamine oxidase inhibitors and a corticosteroid reduces the weight of the accessory sex glands in intact rats by about one half has been studied. Phenelzine sulphate in combination with hydrocortisone acetate given for 30 days to ovariectomized rats reduced the pituitary stores of luteinizing hormone (LH) by 33%. Similar reductions in somatotrophic hormone, corticotrophin and thyroid-stimulating hormone content were found after comparable treatment, whereas luteotrophic hormone increased. The increase of weight of the seminal vesicles and prostate gland produced by human chorionic gonadotrophin could be partly antagonized by the simultaneous administration of mebanazine and dexamethasone, but the action of testosterone on these glands in castrated animals was not inhibited. Interference with the production and effectiveness of LH is therefore the most likely mode of action by which these drugs effect the reduction of the weight of the accessory sex glands.

Metabolism of [3H]noradrenaline by the isolated rat uterus

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 1245-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Fernández-Pardal ◽  
Martha F. Gimeno ◽  
Alvaro L. Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Treatment ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Noradrenaline Metabolism ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Metabolic Pattern ◽  
Isolated Rat

The metabolism of [3H]noradrenaline by uterine horns from estrous, ovariectomized, and ovariectomized and estrogen-treated rats was explored. Uterine strips are able to take up [3H]noradrenaline and store it for up to 85 min after the isotope incubation. The major compounds retained in the tissue from rats either ovariectomized or during estrus were [3H]noradrenaline and 3H-labelled O-methylated deaminate metabolites. The [3H]3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol ([3H]DOPEG) and 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid ([3H]DOMA) fractions were higher in tissues from ovariectomized rats than during estrus. Ovariectomy also increased significantly the spontaneous efflux of [3H]DOPEG and [3H]DOMA. The metabolic pattern of [3H]noradrenaline both in the tissue and in the efflux from ovariectomized rats was changed by estrogen treatment and became similar to those obtained during estrus. These data suggest a possible modulation of the noradrenaline metabolism by estrogens on the isolated rat uterus.

ROLE OF PROGESTERONE IN THE CONTROL OF SECRETION OF FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE IN THE IMMATURE FEMALE RAT

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. A. MEIJS-ROELOFS ◽  
P. KRAMER ◽  
L. GRIBLING-HEGGE
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Action ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Progesterone Treatment ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Intact Rats

The inhibitory action on FSH secretion of combined oestradiol and progesterone treatment of ovariectomized, immature rats was studied at various ages. At all ages studied (13–35 days) an additional inhibitory action of progesterone, if combined with oestradiol, could be found as compared with the effect of oestradiol alone. Until 20 days of age, the rise in serum FSH concentration as measured 2 days after ovariectomy could be completely prevented by administration of 0·05 μg oestradiol/100 g body weight or by administration of a lower dose of oestradiol (0·01–0·025 μg) combined with progesterone (0·5–1·5 mg/100 g body weight). After 20 days neither oestradiol nor the combined oestradiol/progesterone treatment resulted in an FSH concentration similar to that found in intact rats. However, the lowest FSH concentrations were reached by using combinations of oestradiol and progesterone. Using progesterone alone, FSH concentration in ovariectomized rats was significantly reduced between 18 and 30 days of age, but not before or after this period. Taken together with data on uterine weight and serum concentrations of progesterone, these findings suggest that (1) both oestradiol and progesterone exert an age-dependent role in regulating FSH secretion in the immature female rat, and (2) amounts of oestradiol and progesterone capable of maintaining, in ovariectomized rats, uterine weights not different from those in intact rats will maintain near-physiological concentrations of FSH before but not after day 20. Thus, ovarian factors other than oestradiol and progesterone must be involved in the regulation of FSH secretion in the female rat after 20 days of age.

SERUM CORTICOSTERONE IN RATS WITH DELAYED ANOVULATION

1976 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUDITH A. RAMALEY
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Early Exposure ◽  
Vaginal Opening ◽  
Adrenal System ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Intact Rats

SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to investigate adrenal function in rats during the development of persistent oestrus to determine whether a change in blood levels of corticosterone would precede or coincide with the onset of infertility. The syndrome of delayed persistent oestrus and anovulation was induced by administration of a low dose (10 μg) of testosterone propionate (TP) at 5 days of age. Control animals were handled without injection or received the vehicle (sesame oil) only. Half of each group was ovariectomized at weaning and received Silastic implants of either oestradiol benzoate (OB) or cholesterol, 3 mm tube length/100 g body weight. Intact rats given the low TP dose showed precocious vaginal opening (27·3 ± 2·1 days v. 37·6 ± 2·4 (s.e.m.) days in unhandled controls) and ovulated within 2 days. Persistent vaginal cornification developed in 22 out of 26 rats by 75 days of age. The TP-treated rats had higher corticosterone values than the controls and did not show a further increase after OB implantation. Cholesterol implantation depressed corticosterone levels in the TP-treated rats. The effects of the low TP dose were not dependent upon gonadal function since they persisted in ovariectomized rats. The results suggest that early exposure to androgen can modify the sensitivity of the adrenal system to oestrogen, and can also lead to persistently high values of corticosterone which are not depressed by ovariectomy. These changes precede the onset of persistent oestrus.

Ubiquinol–cytochrome-c reductase 7.2 kDa protein of mitochondrial complex III is steroid-responsive and increases in cardiac hypertrophy and hypertension

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (10) ◽  
pp. 986-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Huynh ◽  
Nicolas Servant ◽  
Lorraine E. Chalifour
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Complex Iii ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Cytochrome C Reductase ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory Complex ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
Intact Rats

Women and men do not respond identically to cardiac insults; premenopausal women are somewhat protected from cardiovascular disease. Our objective was to isolate and characterize hormone-responsive genes in the heart. Differential display identified an estrogen-inducible fragment that was found to encode the ubiquinol–cytochrome-c reductase (UCCR) 7.2 kDa protein of the mitochondrial respiratory complex III. We found UCCR7.2 mRNA to be highly expressed in the heart, and this expression increased in hearts of 4-, 10-, and 28-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared with normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats. Oral hydralazine treatment to reduce hypertension reduced SHR UCCR7.2 expression. Cardiac UCCR7.2 mRNA expression was also increased significantly after a 5/6 nephrectomy compared with mock surgery. Cardiac expression after ovariectomy was 50% that of intact rats. Supplementation of ovariectomized rats with estrogen had no effect, whereas progesterone increased cardiac expression, although not to intact levels. No change in cardiac UCCR7.2 expression was found when intact rats were treated with either tamoxifen or ICI 182780. Thus, UCCR7.2 expression is reduced in the absence of ovarian hormones, but is not directly regulated by estrogen in the heart. We conclude that UCCR7.2 is a steroid hormone-responsive gene in the heart, with expression increased in cardiac hypertrophy and in response to hypertension.

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