scholarly journals Excess morbidity and mortality in patients with craniopharyngioma: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wijnen ◽  
Daniel S Olsson ◽  
Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink ◽  
Casper Hammarstrand ◽  
Joseph A M J L Janssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Excess Morbidity

Objective Most studies in patients with craniopharyngioma did not investigate morbidity and mortality relative to the general population nor evaluated risk factors for excess morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine excess morbidity and mortality, as well as their determinants in patients with craniopharyngioma. Design Hospital-based retrospective cohort study conducted between 1987 and 2014. Methods We included 144 Dutch and 80 Swedish patients with craniopharyngioma identified by a computer-based search in the medical records (105 females (47%), 112 patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma (50%), 3153 person-years of follow-up). Excess morbidity and mortality were analysed using standardized incidence and mortality ratios (SIRs and SMRs). Risk factors were evaluated univariably by comparing SIRs and SMRs between non-overlapping subgroups. Results Patients with craniopharyngioma experienced excess morbidity due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (SIR: 4.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.8–6.8) and cerebral infarction (SIR: 4.9, 95% CI: 3.1–8.0) compared to the general population. Risks for malignant neoplasms, myocardial infarctions and fractures were not increased. Patients with craniopharyngioma also had excessive total mortality (SMR: 2.7, 95% CI: 2.0–3.8), and mortality due to circulatory (SMR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–4.5) and respiratory (SMR: 6.0, 95% CI: 2.5–14.5) diseases. Female sex, childhood-onset craniopharyngioma, hydrocephalus and tumour recurrence were identified as risk factors for excess T2DM, cerebral infarction and total mortality. Conclusions Patients with craniopharyngioma are at an increased risk for T2DM, cerebral infarction, total mortality and mortality due to circulatory and respiratory diseases. Female sex, childhood-onset craniopharyngioma, hydrocephalus and tumour recurrence are important risk factors.

scholarly journals Pre-Existing Lymphopenia Increases the Risk of Hospitalization and Death after SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Riccardo Garbo ◽  
Francesca Valent ◽  
Gian Luigi Gigli ◽  
Mariarosaria Valente
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Limited Information

There is limited information regarding the severity of COVID-19 in immunocompromized patients. We conducted a retrospective cohort study considering the period from 1 March 2020 to 31 December 2020 to determine whether previously existing lymphopenia increases the risk of hospitalization and death after SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population. The laboratory and hospital discharge databases of the Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale were used, and 5415 subjects infected with SARS-CoV-2 and with at least one recent absolute lymphocyte count determination before SARS-CoV-2 positivity were included. In total, 817 (15.1%) patients had severe COVID-19. Patients developing severe COVID-19 were more frequently males (44.9% of the severe COVID-19 group vs. 41.5% in the non-severe COVID-19 group; p < 0.0001) and were older (73.2 ± 13.8 vs. 58.4 ± 20.3 years; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, 29.9% of the lymphopenic patients developed severe COVID-19 vs. 14.5% of the non-lymphopenic patients (p < 0.0001). In a logistic regression model, female sex remained a protective factor (OR = 0.514, 95%CI 0.438–0.602, p < 0.0001), while age and lymphopenia remained risk factors for severe COVID-19 (OR = 1.047, 95%CI 1.042–1.053, p < 0.0001 for each additional year of age; OR = 1.715, 95%CI 1.239–2.347, p = 0.0011 for lymphopenia). This provides further information to stratify the risk of COVID-19 severity, which may be an important element in the management of immunosuppressive therapies.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients on the 28th day of the disease course: a retrospective cohort study in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Islam ◽  
B. K. Riaz ◽  
A. N. M. S. Islam ◽  
F. Khanam ◽  
J. Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Morbidity Risk

Abstract Diverse risk factors intercede the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted this retrospective cohort study with a cohort of 1016 COVID-19 patients diagnosed in May 2020 to identify the risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes. Data were collected by telephone-interview and reviewing records using a questionnaire and checklist. The study identified morbidity and mortality risk factors on the 28th day of the disease course. The majority of the patients were male (64.1%) and belonged to the age group 25–39 years (39.4%). Urban patients were higher in proportion than rural (69.3% vs. 30.7%). Major comorbidities included 35.0% diabetes mellitus (DM), 28.4% hypertension (HTN), 16.6% chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 7.8% coronary heart disease (CHD). The morbidity rate (not-cured) was 6.0%, and the mortality rate (non-survivor) was 2.5%. Morbidity risk factors included elderly (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.31–4.99), having comorbidity (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 0.83–2.47), and smokeless tobacco use (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI = 0.84–5.61). The morbidity risk was higher with COPD (RR = 2.68), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (RR = 3.33) and chronic liver disease (CLD) (RR = 3.99). Mortality risk factors included elderly (AOR = 7.56, 95% CI = 3.19–17.92), having comorbidity (AOR = 5.27, 95% CI = 1.88–14.79) and SLT use (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI = 0.50–7.46). The mortality risk was higher with COPD (RR = 7.30), DM (RR = 2.63), CHD (RR = 4.65), HTN (RR = 3.38), CKD (RR = 9.03), CLD (RR = 10.52) and malignant diseases (RR = 9.73). We must espouse programme interventions considering the morbidity and mortality risk factors to condense the aggressive outcomes of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes of COVID-19 patients on the 14th and 28th day of the disease course: a retrospective cohort study in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Ziaul Islam ◽  
Baizid Khoorshid Riaz ◽  
ANM Shamsul Islam ◽  
Fahmida Khanam ◽  
Jabin Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Morbidity Risk

Diverse risk factors intercede the outcomes of COVID-19. We conducted this retrospective cohort study to identify the risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality outcomes with a cohort of 1016 COVID-19 patients diagnosed in May 2020. Data were collected by telephone-interview and reviewing records using a questionnaire and checklist. Morbidity (64.4% Vs. 6.0%) and mortality (2.3% Vs. 2.5%) outcomes varied between the 14th and 28th day. Morbidity risk factors included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (RR=1.19, RR=2.68) both on the 14th and 18th day while elderly (AOR=2.56) and smokeless tobacco (SLT) (AOR=2.17) on the 28th day. Mortality risk factors included elderly (AOR=10.14), COPD (RR=5.93), and SLT (AOR=2.25) on the 14th day, and elderly (AOR=24.37) and COPD (RR=2.72) on the 28th day. The morbidity risk was higher with chronic kidney disease (CKD) (RR=3.33) and chronic liver disease (CLD) (RR=3.99) on the 28th day. The mortality risk was higher with coronary heart disease (RR=4.54) and CLD (RR=9.66) on the 14th while with diabetes mellitus (RR=3.08, RR=2.08), hypertension (RR=3.14, RR=2.30), CKD (RR=8.97, RR=2.71), and malignant diseases (RR=10.29) on both 14th and 28th day. We must espouse program interventions considering the morbidity and mortality risk factors to condense the aggressive outcomes of COVID-19.

An Analysis of Dental Implants Survival and Success

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2465-2466
Author(s):  
Iustin Olariu ◽  
Roxana Radu ◽  
Teodora Olariu ◽  
Andrada Christine Serafim ◽  
Ramona Amina Popovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Health Related

Osseointegration of a dental implant may encounter a variety of problems caused by various factors, as prior health-related problems, patients� habits and the technique of the implant inserting. Retrospective cohort study of 70 patients who received implants between January 2011- April 2016 in one dental unit, with Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the probability of implants�s survival at 60 months. The analysis included demographic data, age, gender, medical history, behavior risk factors, type and location of the implant. For this cohort the implants�survival for the first 6 months was 92.86% compared to the number of patients and 97.56% compared to the number of total implants performed, with a cumulative failure rate of 2.43% after 60 months. Failures were focused exclusively on posterior mandible implants, on the percentage of 6.17%, odds ratio (OR) for these failures being 16.76 (P = 0.05) compared with other localisations of implants, exclusively in men with median age of 42 years.

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