scholarly journals Anatomic site as prognostic marker of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Badarna ◽  
Ruth Percik ◽  
Genya Aharon-Hananel ◽  
Inbal Uri ◽  
Amit Tirosh
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific

Objective Patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNET) have variable prognosis, even with comparable tumor grade and stage. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the prognostic utility of the intrapancreatic PNET anatomical site. Design Cohort study based on the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Methods Patients diagnosed with non-functioning PNET between 2004 and 2015 were compared by anatomic site for disease-specific mortality and all-cause mortality, using log-rank test and by multivariable cox regression analysis. Results Overall, 4171 patients (1839 women (44.1%), median age strata 60–64 years, range 10–14 to ≥85 years) were included in our analysis. Patients with PNETs located at the head vs body/tail of the pancreas had comparable tumor diameter, as well as ethnicity, gender and age distributions, but had higher rates of grade III and IV NET (13.2 vs 6.6% and 4.4 vs 1.9%, respectively, P < 0.001). NETs located at the head vs body/tail of pancreas were more likely to be locally advanced (32.2 vs 19.9%) with no difference in distant metastases (36.4 vs 33.5%, respectively, P < 0.001). Patients with NETs of the head vs. body/tail of the pancreas had higher disease-specific mortality risk in univariate (log-rank test, P < 0.001) and multivariable analysis (hazard ratio (HR): 1.34, 95% confidence interval: 1.10–1.65, P = 0.004). Multivariable analysis for all-cause mortality also showed increased risk for patients with pancreatic head vs. body/tail PNET (HR: 1.23, P = 0.013). Conclusions PNET anatomical location is associated with the mortality risk and should be considered as a prognostic factor, and as an additional consideration in directing patients management.

Development of Pancreatic Cancer, Disease-specific Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Nonresected IPMNs: A Long-term Cohort Study

Radiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 278 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoyoshi Nagata ◽  
Akihito Kawazoe ◽  
Saori Mishima ◽  
Tatsuya Wada ◽  
Takuro Shimbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific

Associations Between Handgrip Strength and Disease-Specific Mortality Including Cancer, Cardiovascular, and Respiratory Diseases in Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-331
Author(s):  
Junga Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific

Several controversial studies linking handgrip strength and health have suggested that low handgrip strength in older adults may be related to health problems and have investigated whether there is a minimum handgrip strength level associated with reduced mortality. Thus, by meta-analysis, the authors identified an association between handgrip strength in older adults and disease-specific mortality and all-cause mortality. Thirty studies with a total of 194,767 older adult participants were included in this meta-analysis. Higher handgrip strength was associated with an 18% decrease in all-cause mortality. Lower handgrip strength was associated with increased all-cause mortality. The minimum handgrip strength in older women that did not increase all-cause mortality was 18.21 kg. Increased handgrip strength showed a decreased all-cause mortality, whereas decreased handgrip strength was associated with increased all-cause mortality. Strengthening the handgrip may help improve disease-specific mortality in older adults.

scholarly journals Mediating-Moderating Effect of Allostatic Load on the Association between Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: 2001–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind A. Beydoun ◽  
Shuyan Huang ◽  
May A. Beydoun ◽  
Sharmin Hossain ◽  
Alan B. Zonderman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific

This secondary analysis of survey data examined mediating-moderating effects of allostatic load score (calculated using the Rodriquez method) on the association between nutrient-based Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score (Mellen Index) and the all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks among 11,630 adults ≥ 30 years of age from the 2001–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys with no history of cardiovascular disease or cancer at baseline, and who were followed-up for ~9.35 years. Multivariable models were adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and health characteristics. All-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer-specific mortality rates were estimated at 6.5%, 1.1%, and 1.9%, respectively. The median DASH total score was 3.0 (range: 1–8) (with 78.3% scoring < 4.5), whereas the median allostatic load score was 3 (range: 0–9). The DASH diet, fiber, and magnesium were negatively correlated with allostatic load, whereas allostatic load predicted higher all-cause mortality, irrespective of the DASH diet. Whereas protein was protective, potassium increased all-cause mortality risk, irrespective of allostatic load. Potassium was protective against cardiovascular disease-specific mortality but was a risk factor for cancer-specific mortality. Although no moderating effects were observed, mediation by the allostatic load on cardiovascular disease-specific mortality was observed for DASH total score and selected component scores. Direct (but not indirect) effects of DASH through the allostatic load were observed for all-cause mortality, and no direct or indirect effects were observed for cancer-specific mortality. From a public health standpoint, the allostatic load may be a surrogate for the preventive effects of the DASH diet and its components on cardiovascular disease-specific mortality risk.

scholarly journals Patient Age and Survival After Surgery for Esophageal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Lagergren ◽  
Matteo Bottai ◽  
Giola Santoni
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Flexible Parametric Model ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific

Abstract Background Esophagectomy for esophageal cancer is associated with a substantial risk of life-threatening complications and a limited long-term survival. This study aimed to clarify the controversial questions of how age influences short-term and long-term survival. Methods This population-based cohort study included almost all patients who underwent curatively intended esophagectomy for esophageal cancer in Sweden in 1987–2010, with follow-up through 2016. The exposure was age, analyzed both as a continuous and categorical variable. The probability of mortality was computed using a novel flexible parametric model approach. The reported probabilities are proper measures of the risk of dying, and the related odds ratios (OR) are therefore more suitable measures of association than hazard ratios. The outcomes were 90-day all-cause mortality, 5-year all-cause mortality, and 5-year disease-specific mortality. A novel flexible parametric model was used to derive the instantaneous probability of dying and the related OR along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for sex, education, comorbidity, tumor histology, pathological tumor stage, and resection margin status. Results Among 1737 included patients, the median age was 65.6 years. When analyzed as a continuous variable, older age was associated with slightly higher odds of 90-day all-cause mortality (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02–1.07), 5-year all-cause mortality (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03), and 5-year disease-specific mortality (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.01–1.02). Compared with patients aged < 70 years, those aged 70–74 years had no increased risk of any mortality outcome, while patients aged ≥ 75 years had higher odds of 90-day mortality (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.68–4.84), 5-year all-cause mortality (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.27–1.92), and 5-year disease-specific mortality (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09–1.76). Conclusions Patient age 75 years or older at esophagectomy for esophageal cancer appears to be an independent risk factor for higher short-term mortality and lower long-term survival.

Development and validation of a pretreatment nomogram to predict disease-specific mortality in gastric cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 312-312
Author(s):  
Etsuro Bando ◽  
Xinge Ji ◽  
Michael W. Kattan ◽  
Maria Bencivenga ◽  
Giovanni De Manzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
American Joint Committee ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
The University ◽  
Disease Specific

312 Background: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) has increasingly recognized the need for individual risk prediction model. The AJCC has emphasized the attractiveness of disease-specific mortality (DSM), which can properly control for competing events. as an endpoint of risk model, as well as overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). For the era of tailored therapy, we aimed to develop a new pretreatment gastric cancer nomogram for prediction of DSM. Methods: The nomogram was developed using data of 5,231 patients with primary gastric cancer treated at Shizuoka Cancer Center (Shizuoka, Japan), and it was created with a Fine and Gray competing-risks proportional hazards regression model. Fifteen clinical variables, which were obtained at pretreatment, were collected and registered, to develop the nomogram. Data of independent cohort of patients from the University of Verona (Italy; 389 patients) formed the external validation cohort. The model was validated internally and externally using measures of discrimination (Harrell’s C-index), calibration and decision curve analysis. Results: In the development procedure, multivariable analysis for DSM selected 14 variables for constructing the nomogram. The developed nomogram showed good discrimination, with a C-index of 0.887 (95%CI; 0.881-0.894); that of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) clinical stage was 0.794 (0.784-0.804). In the external validation procedure, the C-index was 0.713 (0.680-0.746) (AJCC, 0.582, 0.539-0.622) in the University of Verona cohort. The nomogram performed well in the calibration and decision curve analyses when applied to both the internal and external validation cohorts. Conclusions: This new pretreatment risk model accurately predicts DSM in gastric cancer and can be used for patient counseling in clinical practice and stratification in clinical trials.

scholarly journals Hip Osteoarthritis and the Risk of All-Cause and Disease-Specific Mortality in Older Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1798-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil E. Barbour ◽  
Li-Yung Lui ◽  
Michael C. Nevitt ◽  
Louise B. Murphy ◽  
Charles G. Helmick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific

scholarly journals Number of teeth is associated with all-cause and disease-specific mortality

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yau-Hua Yu ◽  
Wai S. Cheung ◽  
Bjorn Steffensen ◽  
Donald R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Density Measurement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Functional Dentition ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific

Abstract Background Tooth loss has been shown to correlate with multiple systemic comorbidities. However, the associations between the number of remaining natural teeth (NoT) and all-cause mortality have not been explored extensively. We aimed to investigate whether having fewer NoT imposes a higher risk in mortality. We tested such hypotheses using three groups of NoT (20–28,10–19, and 0–9), edentulism and without functional dentition (NoT < 19). Methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the United States (NHANES) (1999–2014) conducted dental examinations and provided linkage of mortality data. NHANES participants aged 20 years and older, without missing information of dental examination, age, gender, race, education, income, body-mass-index, smoking, physical activities, and existing systemic conditions [hypertension, total cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke (N = 33,071; death = 3978), or with femoral neck bone mineral density measurement (N = 13,131; death = 1091)] were analyzed. Cox proportional hazard survival analyses were used to investigate risks of all-cause, heart disease, diabetes and cancer mortality associated with NoT in 3 groups, edentulism, or without functional dentition. Results Participants having fewer number of teeth had higher all-cause and disease-specific mortality. In fully-adjusted models, participants with NoT0-9 had the highest hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality [HR(95%CI) = 1.46(1.25–1.71); p < .001], mortality from heart diseases [HR(95%CI) = 1.92(1.33–2.77); p < .001], from diabetes [HR(95%CI) = 1.67(1.05–2.66); p = 0.03], or cancer-related mortality [HR(95%CI) = 1.80(1.34–2.43); p < .001]. Risks for all-cause mortality were also higher among the edentulous [HR(95%CI) = 1.35(1.17–1.57); p < .001] or those without functional dentition [HR(95%CI) = 1.34(1.17–1.55); p < .001]. Conclusions Having fewer NoT were associated with higher risks for all-cause mortality. More research is needed to explore possible biological implications and validate our findings.

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