scholarly journals Hepatic steatosis in Cushing's syndrome: a radiological assessment using computed tomography

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Rockall ◽  
SA Sohaib ◽  
D Evans ◽  
G Kaltsas ◽  
AM Isidori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat Area

OBJECTIVE: Hepatic steatosis may occur in association with insulin resistance and obesity, two features commonly seen in Cushing's syndrome (CS). The aim of this report is to assess the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in patients with active CS using computed tomography (CT) and to identify any associations between hepatic steatosis, endocrine and biochemical variables and body fat distribution. PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: We identified 50 patients with active CS in whom appropriate CT was available to allow measurement of liver and spleen attenuation. In 26 patients, abdominal fat measurements were also available. Serum markers of CS and liver function tests were recorded. RESULTS: Ten of 50 patients had a liver-to-spleen CT attenuation ratio (L/S) of less than 1, indicating hepatic steatosis. There was a significant negative correlation between both liver attenuation and L/S ratio with total abdominal fat area, visceral fat area, the percentage of visceral fat and the visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio; the strongest negative correlation was found between visceral fat area and L/S ratio (r=-0.638, P<0.001, n=26). L/S ratio positively correlated with alkaline phosphatase levels (r=+0.423, P=0.044, n=23) but with no other serum marker of CS activity or liver enzyme. CONCLUSIONS: We have demonstrated hepatic steatosis on CT in 20% of patients with active CS. The presence of hepatic steatosis was significantly correlated with total abdominal fat area and visceral fat area.

scholarly journals Computed tomography assessment of fat distribution in male and female patients with Cushing's syndrome

2003 ◽  
pp. 561-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Rockall ◽  
SA Sohaib ◽  
D Evans ◽  
G Kaltsas ◽  
AM Isidori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Male Patients

OBJECTIVE: Our aims were to describe the abdominal fat distribution in male patients with Cushing's syndrome (CS) on computerised tomography (CT), to compare our findings with non-cushingoid patients, to validate previous reports of increased visceral fat in female patients with CS and to identify any correlations between fat distribution and biochemical findings. DESIGN: Retrospective and observational. PATIENTS: Appropriate CT scans were identified in 31 patients (seven male) with active CS. MEASUREMENTS: Total, visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were obtained. The percentage of visceral fat and the visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (V:S ratio) were calculated. Biochemical data were recorded. Control data of fat distribution were obtained from the literature. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the V:S ratio in male patients with CS when compared with non-cushingoid controls (1.175+/-0.59 vs 0.77+/-0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.0817-0.728). There was a significant increase in the V:S ratio in female patients with CS (0.845+/-0.53 vs 0.38+/-0.19, 95% CI 0.269-0.661). There was no difference in the V:S ratio between male and female patients with CS (1.175+/-0.59 vs 0.845+/-0.53, 95% CI -0.144-0.804). No significant correlations between fat distribution and glucose levels, circulating cortisol, ACTH or lipids were found. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate an increase in visceral fat distribution in both male and female patients with CS, with the abolition of the normal male to female difference in visceral fat. Increased visceral fat may increase the risk of the metabolic syndrome in this group of patients.

Excessive abdominal fat content indicates poor prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Bao ◽  
Yutong Wang ◽  
Xiaoguang Cheng ◽  
Bin Chu ◽  
Minqiu Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Visceral Fat Area

Abstract Introduction: Obesity has been identified as risk factor for multiple myeloma (MM). Various indexes of body fat compartment make it difficult to assess the value of body fat compartment in predicting prognosis in MM patients.Methods: 36 newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients underwent abdominal CT pre-chemotherapy, and 72 matched healthy people were included. Total fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were measured from T12 to S1 and analyzed at six slices of vertebral interfaces. The level of adiponectin was also detected.Results: NDMM patients had larger TFA, VFA and SFA while significantly lower plasma adiponectin than healthy people. The percentage of bone marrow plasma cells was significantly inversely correlated with SAT, but positively correlated with VFA/SFA. A significant inverse correlation was observed between the high-risk cytogenetic abnormality gain 1q21 and VFA. SFA and VFA/SFA had a significant effect on treatment responses.Conclusions: NDMM patients had higher abdominal fat content but lower adipokine levels than healthy people. Excessive subcutaneous fat might be a predictive factor for high tumor burden and poor treatment response. Visceral fat content may be correlated with high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities. However, further investigation in larger samples is necessary to verify this association.

scholarly journals Visceral Fat Area Evaluation by Computed Tomography Correlates with Visceral Fat Volume

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Masato Mizui ◽  
Yuji Mizoguchi ◽  
Yutaka Senda ◽  
Masayuki Yokoi ◽  
Takao Tashiro
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation ◽  
Fat Volume ◽  
Very High

In Japan, the measurement of abdominal circumference is commonly used in diagnosis of visceral fat accumulation. It is also recommended that visceral fat at the umbilical level be measured using CT scans. If CT is used to measure the visceral fat area, we do not have to consider the possibility of measurement error due to subcutaneous fat. However, it is unknown whether the visceral fat area measurement by CT reflects the visceral fat volume of the entire abdomen.We examined the correlation between the visceral fat area at the umbilical level and the visceral fat volume of the entire abdomen using CT images taken from the diaphragm to the pubic bone.The results showed that there was a very high correlation between the visceral fat area and the visceral fat volume. The correlation was not affected by gender differences, old age or whether visceral fat was accumulated or not.Therefore, we concluded that it is possible to estimate the visceral fat volume of the entire abdomen by measuring the visceral fat area at the umbilical level.

scholarly journals Visceral fat versus subcutaneous fat: comparison of their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
OK Shrestha ◽  
GL Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Computed Tomography Images

To compare abdominal visceral fat with subcutaneous fat in relation to their association with type 2 diabetes. Abdominal fat distribution was measured using Computed Tomography in 60 subjects (30 diabetics and 30 non-diabetics). Computed tomography images obtained at two intervertebral locations L2-L3 and L4-L5 were used to measure areas of total fat, visceral fat and subcutaneous fat using slice thickness of 5mm and attenuation range of -190 to -30 Hounsfield units. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. At L2-L3 level, taking visceral fat and subcutaneous fat as predictor variables, diabetes was correctly classified at 78.0% and 66.10% respectively. At L4-L5 level, taking visceral fat and subcutaneous fat as predictor variables, diabetes was correctly classified at 72.88% and 67.80% respectively. Regardless of the measurement site, visceral fat has significantly stronger association with diabetes, compared to subcutaneous fat. Visceral fat at L2-L3 level alone may be a better predictor of diabetes. Abdominal fat distribution, visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, type 2 diabetes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v4i2.10853 Journal of Chitwan Medical College 2014; 4(2): 9-12

scholarly journals The Use of Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Fatty Liver and Abdominal Fat Distribution among a Saudi Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 762-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gasim Ibrahim Gasim ◽  
Fahd Mohamed Elshehri ◽  
Mahmoud Mahmoud Kheidr ◽  
Fahad Khalid Alshubaily ◽  
ElZaki Mohamed ElZaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Computer Assisted Tomography

BACKGROUND: The pandemic of obesity is striking heavily worldwide and particularly among the affluent Gulf States where it is expected to continue to rise along with its complications.AIM: To examine the link between liver fat infiltration and abdominal fat amount using plain computer-assisted tomography (CT).METHODS: Fifty patients visiting the obesity clinic of “King Fahd Specialist Hospital” or Dr Suliman Alhabeeb Hospital between January 2015 and April 2016 were included. Liver and splenic attenuation dimensions were undertaken with three hepatic regions of interests (ROIs) and two ROIs from the spleen. The liver attenuation indices (LAIs) that were measured liver parenchymal attenuation (CTLP), liver/splenic attenuation ratio (LS ratio)and the (3) difference between liver and splenic attenuation (LS dif) and based on this LS dif The patients were grouped as LS dif greater or less than 5. Abdominal fat was evaluated utilising a 3 mm chop CT scan starting from the umbilicus; then computed by a workstation. The abdominal fat was classified as total fat (TF) and the sub-compartments of visceral adipose (fat) (VF), and subcutaneous fat (SF).RESULTS: Twenty-six of the participants were males. The mean (SD) of the age and BMI was 48 (14.9) years and 32.05 (8.3) kg/m2 respectively.The BMI and body Wt had a moderate negative correlation with the liver attenuation indices CTLP, LS ratio, LS diff (r = -0.417, -0.277, -0.312 and 0.435, -0.297, -0.0297), respectively. A very strong negative correlation between fatty liver, LS ratio and CTLP was found (-0.709, -0.575) respectively.CONCLUSION: Plain computed tomography can reliably be used as a survey device for fatty liver disease.

scholarly journals Abdominal fat content assessment by computed tomography in toy breed dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 481-489
Author(s):  
J Park ◽  
D Noh ◽  
K Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Sexual Status ◽  
Content Assessment ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Disease Risks ◽  
Total Fat

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the abdominal fat distribution in toy breed dogs using computed tomography (CT) in relation to the breed, age, and sexual status. In 140 dogs (52 Maltese, 33 Poodles, 32 Shih-Tzus, and 23 Yorkshire Terriers), the total fat area (TA), visceral fat area (VA), subcutaneous fat area (SA) and body area (BA) were measured at the third and sixth lumbar vertebral level on non-contrast transverse CT images. The differences in the TA/BA and VA/SA according to the breed, age, and sexual status, and correlations with the age were analysed. The differences in the TA/BA and VA/SA among the breeds were revealed (P &lt; 0.05). There was no difference for the TA/BA among the sexual statuses, but the VA/SA was higher in spayed females than in intact females (P = 0.001). Positive correlation of the age with the TA/BA in the Maltese, Poodles, and intact females, and the age with the VA/SA in the Maltese, Shih-Tzus, Yorkshire Terriers, neutered males, and spayed females were found. The results showed that the abdominal fat composition varied according to the breed, age, and sex, which may have implications on defining obesity-related disease risks in different populations. Careful monitoring of the VA/SA in the breed (Maltese, Shih-Tzu, and Yorkshire Terrier), age (senior dogs), and sexual status (neutered dogs) may be required.

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