Higher habitual intakes of dietary carbohydrates are associated with leptin gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues among non-diabetic people

Abstract Background Apelin, as an adipokine, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to determine whether the quality and quantity of dietary carbohydrates were associated with apelin gene expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 102 adults who underwent minor abdominal surgery were selected. Approximately 100 mg of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues were collected during the surgery to measure apelin gene expression. Anthropometric measurment, blood samples, and dietary intakes were collected before surgery. The dietary carbohydrate intake, glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) were determined. Results The average apelin concentration was 269.6 ± 98.5(pg/mL), and 16.3% of participants were insulin resistant. There was a correlation between insulin (p-value = 0.043), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)(p-value = 0.045) and apelin gene expression in visceral adipose tissue. There was a positive association of apelin gene expression with dietary GI and GL after adjustment for age, sex, and waist circumference in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues(p < 0.05). Apelin gene expression in visceral(p = 0.002) and subcutaneous(p = 0.003) adipose tissues was directly associated with foods with a higher GI. There was no association between total carbohydrate intake and apelin gene expression in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. Conclusions Dietary GI and GL, not total carbohydrate intake, were positively associated with apelin gene expression in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues. Future studies are warranted to illustrate the chronic and acute effect of carbohydrate quality on apelin homeostasis.

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Association of dietary intake of fruit and green vegetables with PTEN and P53 mRNA gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of obese and non-obese adults

Gene ◽

10.1016/j.gene.2020.144353 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 733 ◽

pp. 144353

Author(s):

Golnoosh Kadkhoda ◽

Maryam Zarkesh ◽

Atoosa Saidpour ◽

Masoumeh Hajizadeh Oghaz ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Obese Adults ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Mrna Gene ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose ◽

Mrna Gene Expression ◽

P53 Mrna

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The relation of omentin gene expression and glucose homeostasis of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in non-diabetic adults

Molecular Biology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11033-021-06854-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Afsoon Daneshafrooz ◽

Emad Yuzbashian ◽

Maryam Zarkesh ◽

Golaleh Asghari ◽

Parvin Mirmiran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Glucose Homeostasis ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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PSXI-27 Association of an increased marbling score by dietary glycerol supplementation with lipid metabolism gene expression in Korean cattle steers

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.764 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 383-384

Author(s):

Seon Pil Yoo ◽

Dilla Fassah ◽

Myunggi Baik ◽

sang Weon Na ◽

Inhyuk Jeong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Body Weight ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Fatty Acid Synthase ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Lipid Uptake ◽

Marbling Score ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Korean Cattle ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract This study investigated effects of dietary glycerol supplementation on liver, muscle, and adipose gene expression related with gluconeogenesis and lipid metabolism and association of gene expression levels with marbling score in Korean cattle steers. Fourteen Korean cattle steers (average age 28.4 months; average body weight 733 kg) were equally assigned to two groups (0 and 5% glycerol supplementation). Glycerol was provided with glycerol (63%)-adsorbed ground wheat bran (37%, DM) by top dressing during roughage feeding. A concentrate (1.2% of body weight) and 1.0 kg of ryegrass were individually fed twice daily. After four months of study, steers were slaughtered, and marbling score was evaluated. Longissimus thoracis (LT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue at the 13th thoracic vertebra area and liver were collected and analyzed for mRNA levels by quantitative real-time PCR. Statistical significance was analyzed by analysis of variance. Correlations were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation analysis. Glycerol supplementation increased (P = 0.01) marbling score. In the LT, glycerol supplementation tended to increase (0.05 < P ≤ 0.10) lipid uptake CD36 and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA levels. In subcutaneous adipose tissues, glycerol supplementation increased (P ≤ 0.05) LPL, adipogenic sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP1), and lipogenic acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) mRNA levels and tended to increase (0.05 < P < 0.10) CD36, adipogenic peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma (PPARG), and lipogenic fatty acid synthase (FASN) expression. It did not affect (P > 0.05) mRNA levels of hepatic gluconeogenesis genes. Marbling score showed significant positive correlations (0.57 < r < 0.68; P < 0.05) with mRNA levels of several genes including LPL, PPARG, SREBP1, and ACC in adipose tissues, but not with any genes examined in the LT. Our study demonstrates that lipid uptake, adipogenesis and lipogenesis may mainly contribute to the increased marbling score by glycerol supplementation.

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Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Extract from Citrus sinensis Juice on a Diet-Induced Obese Zebrafish

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20205116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (20) ◽

pp. 5116 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Giuseppe Montalbano ◽

Manuela Mania ◽

Maria Cristina Guerrera ◽

Rosaria Laurà ◽

Francesco Abbate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Citrus Sinensis ◽

Pathological Condition ◽

Adult Zebrafish ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Lipolytic Action ◽

Adipocyte Cell ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Background: Obesity is a pathological condition that has reached epidemic proportions; hence, it is necessary to find novel strategies aimed at fighting this disease. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of a flavonoid-rich extract of orange (Citrus sinensis) juice (OJe) in diet-induced obese zebrafish. Methods: Adult zebrafish were divided into four diet groups: (i) normally fed (NF); (ii) overfed (OF); (iii) NF supplemented with OJe (5 mL/L in fish water; NF + OJe); and (iv) OF supplemented with OJe (OF + OJe). Each week, body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI) were measured, and, at the end of the fifth week, euthanized zebrafish were processed for both microscopic evaluations and qPCR analyses. Results: In OF zebrafish, OJe significantly decreased both BW and BMI values and lowered the visceral adipose tissue, while it had little effect in the NF group. Moreover, it significantly reduced adipocyte cell size in both NF and OF groups in both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, as well as their number in OF fish. Finally, OJe modulated some obesity-related genes, such as leptin A, ghrelin, orexin, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and neuropeptide Y (NPY), in both gut and brain. Conclusion: This study adds new insights into the anti-obesity properties of orange juice and its flavonoids, suggesting their role as weight management agents through a lipolytic action linked to a restoration of metabolism-regulating gene expression.

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Habitual Dietary Intakes of Fat were Associated with Apelin Gene Expression in Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues

10.21203/rs.3.rs-41868/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Emad Yuzbashian ◽

Maryam Zarkesh ◽

Golaleh Asghari ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Parvin Mirmiran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Total Fat ◽

Habitual Intake ◽

Visceral Adipose ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of habitual intake of total fatty acids, saturated-, monounsaturated-, polyunsaturated fatty acids, n-3, n-6, and n-9 fatty acids with apelin gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Methods: We obtained visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues from 179 participants (71 non-obese and 105 obese), who had undergone open abdominal surgery. Dietary intake information was gathered with a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. The mRNA expression of apelin gene was analyzed by Real-Time PCR. Results: Apelin gene expression was found to be more increased in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues in obese than in non-obese participants. Dietary intake of n-3 and polyunsaturated fatty acids was associated with apelin gene expression in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues among all categories of weight status after adjusting for total energy intake. Among obese individuals, visceral adipose tissue apelin mRNA levels were associated with total fat intake. Conclusion: Higher apelin gene expression in adipocytes had an association with habitual intake of total fat and n-3 fatty acids in obese and non-obese individuals, indicating a determinative role of quality and quantity of fatty acid intake in a regular diet in adipose tissue adipokine.

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NOD1 expression is increased in the adipose tissue of women with gestational diabetes

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1530/joe-14-0179 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 222 (1) ◽

pp. 99-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Martha Lappas

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Diaminopimelic Acid ◽

Adipose Tissues ◽

Prostaglandin Production ◽

Insulin Signalling Pathway ◽

Wide Range ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Maternal peripheral insulin resistance and increased inflammation are two features of pregnancies, complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain (NOD) intracellular molecules recognise a wide range of microbial products, as well as other intracellular danger signals, thereby initiating inflammation through activation of nuclear factor κB (NFκB). The aim of this study was to determine whether levels of NOD1 and NOD2 are increased in adipose tissue of women with GDM. The effect of NOD1 and NOD2 activation on inflammation and the insulin signalling pathway was also assessed. NOD1, but not NOD2, expression was higher in omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues obtained from women with GDM when compared with those from women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). In both omental and subcutaneous adipose tissues from NGT and GDM women, the NOD1 ligand g-d-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP) significantly induced the expression and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL6) and chemokine IL8;COX2(PTGS2) gene expression and subsequent prostaglandin production; the expression and secretion of the extracellular matrix remodelling enzyme matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and the gene expression and secretion of the adhesion moleculesICAM1andVCAM1. There was no effect of the NOD2 ligand muramyl dipeptide on any of the endpoints tested. The effects of the NOD1 ligand iE-DAP were mediated via NFκB, as the NFκB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 significantly attenuated iE-DAP-induced expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines,COX2gene expression and subsequent prostaglandin production,MMP9expression and secretion andICAM1andVCAM1gene expression and secretion. In conclusion, the present findings describe an important role for NOD1 in the development of insulin resistance and inflammation in pregnancies complicated by GDM.

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