scholarly journals Soluble CD105 is prognostic of disease recurrence in prostate cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Veronica R Placencio-Hickok ◽  
Anisha Madhav ◽  
Sungjin Kim ◽  
Frank Duong ◽  
Bryan Angara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Independent Set ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Translational Study

While the overall 5-year survival rate for prostate cancer is near 100%, up to 35% of patients will develop recurrent disease. At the time of prostatectomy, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is used to guide primary therapy with the goal of curative intervention. It can be valuable to know when primary therapy may not in fact be curative, so that subsequent adjuvant therapy can be administered at an early stage to limit progression. We examined prostate cancer patients with PSA ≤10 ng/mL that were all subjected to prostatectomy with at least 5 years of follow-up (n = 181). Based on data that endoglin (CD105) signaling in the tumor can contribute to prostate cancer progression, we examined the expression of soluble CD105 (sCD105) in the patient plasma. To determine the relation of plasma sCD105 measures to cellular CD105 in tissues, we tested an independent set of prostate cancer tissues and paired plasma (n = 31). Elevated sCD105 was found to be associated with recurrence-free survival of prostate cancer patients. Further, sCD105 levels in patient plasma were inversely correlated with cellular CD105 expression. This translational study supported preclinical data demonstrating the pro-tumorigenic capacity of cellular CD105 and provide a blood-based biomarker, sCD105, for prostate cancer recurrence in prostatectomy patients with PSA levels ≤10 ng/mL.

Aspartyl (Asparaginyl) ß hydroxylase (AABH) as a serum bio-marker for prostate cancer to identify prostate cancer, regardless of PSA level.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
Mahmood Moshiri ◽  
Kiarash Moshiri ◽  
Arsha Moshiri ◽  
Hassan Monhemi ◽  
Mohammad Hadi Sekhavati
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Psa Testing ◽  
Detect Prostate Cancer

10 Background: Background: Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is a molecular marker of prostate cancer (PC). I most countries, standard of care suggests annual PSA testing in all men over 50 years of age; and for men at high risk, the test is recommended from 40 years of age. Due to low Specificity and low sensitivity of the PSA test, a large number of unnecessary biopsies occur every year. This low specificity can be due to the fact that PSA is found in both benign and malignant lesions of Prostate tissue. To date measurement of the percentage of free PSA, have resulted an small improvements in specificity of PSA testing. Thus, the development of a simple blood test to detect prostate cancer that exhibits higher specificity compared to PSA could have the potential of reducing biopsies performed due to false positive screening results and improve the quality of medical care. Methods: We have investigated the utility of aspartyl (asparaginyl) β-hydroxylase (AABH) as a prostate cancer biomarker. AABH has been detected by immunohistochemical staining (IHC) in a broad range of cancers including Prostate Adenocarcinoma through out the world. AABH have been detected by IHC in more than 97% of tumor specimens tested (n > 200) while absent in normal and non cancer tissue. We have developed a sandwich ELISA test for the detection of AABH in serum samples. Preliminary results showed an accuracy of 91- 94% for detecting cancer patients from non-cancer patients in different types of Cancer. Here we have utilized this assay to detect AABH levels in the sera of patients diagnosed with Prostate cancer (biopsy proven, pre-treatment samples), compared to non-cancer individuals. Results: AABH was detected above a threshold level of 1.2 ng/mL in 91% of the sera of PC patients (n = 60), in all different stages and grades of Prostate Cancer. All non-cancer individuals (n = 30) had AABH values below the threshold. Further study of direct comparison of AABH to PSA levels (n = 4,000) is underway. Conclusions: Our data suggest that measurement of serum AABH levels may help to detect Prostate Cancer in early stage and potentially reduce the number of prostate biopsies performed due to increased high serum PSA.

scholarly journals Promoter Methylation in APC, RUNX3, and GSTP1 and Mortality in Prostate Cancer Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (19) ◽  
pp. 3161-3168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Richiardi ◽  
Valentina Fiano ◽  
Loredana Vizzini ◽  
Laura De Marco ◽  
Luisa Delsedime ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Promoter Methylation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Prostate Cancer Progression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
In The Beginning

Purpose There is a need to better understand prostate cancer progression and identify new prognostic markers for this tumor. We investigated the association between promoter methylation in a priori selected genes and survival in two independent large series of prostate cancer patients. Methods We followed up with two cohorts of patients (216 patients diagnosed in 1982 to 1988 and 243 patients diagnosed in 1993 to 1996) diagnosed at one hospital pathology ward in Turin, Italy. DNA was obtained from paraffin-embedded tumor tissues and evaluated for promoter methylation status in glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1), adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3). Results The two cohorts had different prevalences of methylation in APC (P = .047), GSTP1 (P = .002), and RUNX3 (P < .001). Methylation in APC was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer–specific mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.42; 95% CI, 0.98 to 2.07 in the 1980s cohort; HR = 1.57; 95% CI, 0.95 to 2.62 in the 1990s cohort; HR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.00 in the two cohorts combined). In subgroup analyses, the HRs were higher among patients with a Gleason score less than 8 (HR = 1.52; 95% CI, 0.85 to 2.73 in the 1980s cohort; HR = 2.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 4.28 in the 1990s cohort). Methylation in RUNX3 was associated with prostate cancer mortality only in the 1990s cohort, and methylation in GSTP1 did not predict mortality in either cohort. Conclusion The pattern of hypermethylation may have changed after the introduction of prostate-specific antigen testing in the beginning of the 1990s. Promoter methylation in APC was identified as a marker for prostate cancer progression.

scholarly journals Correlation of Some Trace Elements Serum Levels with Prostate Cancer Progression in Saudi Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-218
Author(s):  
Saleh A. K. Saleh ◽  
Heba M. Adly ◽  
Altaf A.Abdulkhaliq ◽  
Anmar M. Nassir
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Trace Element Levels ◽  
Different Levels

Background:Trace elements, such as zinc, arsenic, cadmium and nickel are found naturally in the environment, and human exposure comes from a variety of sources, including air, drinking water, and food. Yet, there are a few studies of the association between trace element levels and prostate cancer in the country.Objective:This study aimed to investigate the changes in trace elements in prostate cancer patients with different levels of their prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values.Methods:The study included 58 patients with prostate cancer aged 70 years and older, divided into 3 different levels of PSA. Full history and clinical data were recorded for all subjects. Blood samples from all subjects and levels of Se, Zn, Cd and Cu were analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The odds ratio of trace element levels was adjusted in accordance with socioeconomic data, family history and supplements intake.Results:Mean Se and Zn levels in serum were significantly low (p<0.05) in all prostate cancer patients. The levels of serum Se decreased by 56%, 67% and 70%, while the levels of serum Zn decreased by 35%, 41% and 47%, in subjects with PSA of 5-10 ng/ml, 11-20 ng/ml and > 20 ng/ml, respectively. Cu levels were increased significantly in prostate cancer patients, while Cd levels had no significant difference between control and prostate cancer groups.Conclusion:This study emphasizes the importance of minerals intake during prostate cancer management and follow-up period. This highlights the importance of trace elements Zn and Se intake as food supplements for prostate cancer patients.

scholarly journals Alpha-L-Fucosidase Has Diagnostic Value in Prostate Cancer With “Gray-Zone PSA” and Inhibits Cancer Progression via Regulating Glycosylation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Zhang ◽  
Jikai Liu ◽  
Fan Chao ◽  
Shiyu Wang ◽  
Dawei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
P Value ◽  
Primary Therapy ◽  
Gray Zone

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of alpha-l-fucosidase (AFU) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients with “gray-zone PSA” and to investigate the correlation between AFU expression and clinicopathological characteristics of PCa patients.MethodsThe level of AFU and other necessary clinicopathological variables of patients were retrieved from electronic medical records. The transcriptome profiling and clinical information of PCa patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The protein level of AFU in tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). All the data were processed by appropriate analysis methods. The p-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAFU showed ideal diagnostic value for PCa with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels ranging from 4 to 10 ng/ml, and its optimal cutoffs were 19.5 U/L. Beyond this, low AFU expression was associated with high pathological grade, T stage and N stage, more postoperative residual tumors, and poor primary therapy outcome, as well as shorter progression-free interval. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis illustrated that FUCA1/FUCA2 exerted tumor-suppressive function by regulating the glycosylation.ConclusionsAFU (&lt;19.5 U/L) could effectively distinguish the PCa from the patients with “gray-zone PSA”, and low expression of AFU was an independent unfavorable predictor for the clinicopathological characteristics of PCa patients.

scholarly journals Clinical proteomics for prostate cancer: understanding prostate cancer pathology and protein biomarkers for improved disease management

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Tonry ◽  
Stephen Finn ◽  
John Armstrong ◽  
Stephen R. Pennington
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Clinical Proteomics ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Effective Manner

AbstractFollowing the introduction of routine Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) screening in the early 1990′s, Prostate Cancer (PCa) is often detected at an early stage. There are also a growing number of treatment options available and so the associated mortality rate is generally low. However, PCa is an extremely complex and heterogenous disease and many patients suffer disease recurrence following initial therapy. Disease recurrence commonly results in metastasis and metastatic PCa has an average survival rate of just 3–5 years. A significant problem in the clinical management of PCa is being able to differentiate between patients who will respond to standard therapies and those who may benefit from more aggressive intervention at an earlier stage. It is also acknowledged that for many men the disease is not life threatenting. Hence, there is a growing desire to identify patients who can be spared the significant side effects associated with PCa treatment until such time (if ever) their disease progresses to the point where treatment is required. To these important clinical needs, current biomarkers and clinical methods for patient stratification and personlised treatment are insufficient. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the complexities of PCa pathology and disease management. In this context it is possible to review current biomarkers and proteomic technologies that will support development of biomarker-driven decision tools to meet current important clinical needs. With such an in-depth understanding of disease pathology, the development of novel clinical biomarkers can proceed in an efficient and effective manner, such that they have a better chance of improving patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Recurrence-associated gene signature in patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Han Cho ◽  
Shinkyo Yoon ◽  
Dae Ho Lee ◽  
Sang-We Kim ◽  
Kwoneel Kim
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Positive Selection ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Stage I

AbstractRecurrent gene mutations and fusions in cancer patients are likely to be associated with cancer progression or recurrence by Vogelstein et al. (Science (80-)340, 1546–1558 (2013)). In this study, we investigated gene mutations and fusions that recurrently occurred in early-stage cancer patients with stage I non-small-cell cancer (NSCLC). Targeted exome sequencing was performed to profile the variants and confirmed their fidelity at the gene and pathway levels through comparison with data for stage I lung cancer patients, which was obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Next, we identified prognostic gene mutations (ATR, ERBB3, KDR, and MUC6), fusions (GOPC-ROS1 and NTRK1-SH2D2A), and VEGF signaling pathway associated with cancer recurrence. To infer the functional implication of the recurrent variants in early-stage cancers, the extent of their selection pattern was investigated, and they were shown to be under positive selection, implying a selective advantage for cancer progression. Specifically, high selection scores were observed in the variants with significantly high risks for recurrence. Taken together, the results of this study enabled us to identify recurrent gene mutations and fusions in a stage I NSCLC cohort and to demonstrate positive selection, which had implications regarding cancer recurrence.

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