scholarly journals What's new in estrogen receptor action in the female reproductive tract

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. R55-R71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia C Hewitt ◽  
Wipawee Winuthayanon ◽  
Kenneth S Korach
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Estrogen Signaling ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Receptor Action ◽  
And Function

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a critical player in development and function of the female reproductive system. Perturbations in ERα response can affect wide-ranging aspects of health in humans as well as in livestock and wildlife. Because of its long-known and broad impact, ERα mechanisms of action continue to be the focus on cutting-edge research efforts. Consequently, novel insights have greatly advanced understanding of every aspect of estrogen signaling. In this review, we attempt to briefly outline the current understanding of ERα mediated mechanisms in the context of the female reproductive system.

Expression of NK1 receptor at the protein and mRNA level in the porcine female reproductive system

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-477
Author(s):  
R. Bukowski
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Nk1 Receptor ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Arterial Blood

Abstract The presence and distribution of substance P (SP) receptor NK1 was studied in the ovary, the oviduct and the uterus (uterine horn and cervix) of the domestic pig using the methods of molecular biology (RT-PCR and immunoblot) and immunohistochemistry. The expression of NK1 receptor at mRNA level was confirmed with RT-PCR in all the studied parts of the porcine female reproductive system by the presence of 525 bp PCR product and at the protein level by the detection of 46 kDa protein band in immunoblot. Immunohistochemical staining revealed the cellular distribution of NK1 receptor protein. In the ovary NKI receptor was present in the wall of arterial blood vessels, as well as in ovarian follicles of different stages of development. In the tubular organs the NK1 receptor immunohistochemical stainings were observed in the wall of the arterial blood vessels, in the muscular membrane, as well as in the mucosal epithelium. The study confirmed the presence of NK1 receptor in the tissues of the porcine female reproductive tract which clearly points to the possibility that SP can influence porcine ovary, oviduct and uterus.

Selective Loss of Estrogen Receptor Alpha in Female Reproductive Tract Causes Infertility and Loss of Estrogen Induced Uterine Responses.

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (Suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 334-334
Author(s):  
Wipawee Winuthayanon ◽  
Sylvia C. Hewitt ◽  
John P. Lydon ◽  
Francesco J. DeMayo ◽  
Kenneth S. Korach
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Receptor Alpha ◽  
Selective Loss

scholarly journals CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Genome Editing Reveals Oosp Family Genes are Dispensable for Female Fertility in Mice

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Ferheen Abbasi ◽  
Mayo Kodani ◽  
Chihiro Emori ◽  
Daiji Kiyozumi ◽  
Masashi Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Fertility ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Phenotypic Data

There are over 200 genes that are predicted to be solely expressed in the oocyte and ovary, and thousands more that have expression patterns in the female reproductive tract. Unfortunately, many of their physiological functions, such as their roles in oogenesis or fertilization, have yet to be elucidated. Previous knockout (KO) mice studies have proven that many of the genes that were once thought to be essential for fertility are dispensable in vivo. Therefore, it is extremely important to confirm the roles of all genes before spending immense time studying them in vitro. To do this, our laboratory analyzes the functions of ovary and oocyte-enriched genes in vivo through generating CRISPR/Cas9 KO mice and examining their fertility. In this study, we have knocked out three Oosp family genes (Oosp1, Oosp2, and Oosp3) that have expression patterns linked to the female reproductive system and found that the triple KO (TKO) mutant mice generated exhibited decreased prolificacy but were not infertile; thus, these genes may potentially be dispensable for fertility. We also generated Cd160 and Egfl6 KO mice and found these genes are individually dispensable for female fertility. KO mice with no phenotypic data are seldom published, but we believe that this information must be shared to prevent unnecessary experimentation by other laboratories.

scholarly journals Estrogen Receptor-Alpha (ESR1) Governs the Lower Female Reproductive Tract Vulnerability to Candida albicans

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Salinas-Muñoz ◽  
Raúl Campos-Fernández ◽  
Enrique Mercader ◽  
Irene Olivera-Valle ◽  
Carlota Fernández-Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Receptor Alpha

Expression of VPAC1 receptor at the level of mRNA and protein in the porcine female reproductive system

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bukowski ◽  
K. Wąsowicz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Vpac1 Receptor

Abstract The presence and distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptor VPAC1 was studied in the ovary, oviduct and uterus (uterine horn and cervix) of the domestic pig using methods of molecular biology (RT-PCR and immunoblot) and immunohistochemistry. The expression of VPAC1 receptor at mRNA level was confirmed with RT-PCR in all the studied parts of the porcine female reproductive system by the presence of 525 bp PCR product and at the level of proteins by the detection of 46 kDa protein band in immunoblot. Immunohistochemical stainings revealed the cellular distribution of VPAC1 receptor protein. In the ovary it was present in the wall of arterial blood vessels, as well as in the ovarian follicles of different stages. In the tubular organs the VPAC1 receptor immunohistochemical stainings were observed in the wall of the arterial blood vessels, in the muscular membrane, as well as in the mucosal epithelium. The study confirmed the presence of VPAC1 receptor in the tissues of the porcine female reproductive tract what clearly shows the possibility of influence of VIP on the porcine ovary, oviduct and uterus.

scholarly journals Regulatory Interplay between miR-181a-5p and Estrogen Receptor Signaling Cascade in Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Rosaria Benedetti ◽  
Chiara Papulino ◽  
Giulia Sgueglia ◽  
Ugo Chianese ◽  
Tommaso De Marchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Estrogen Signaling ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Tumor Resistance ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Signaling

The efficacy and side effects of endocrine therapy in breast cancer (BC) depend largely on estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) expression, the specific drug administered, and treatment scheduling. Although the benefits of endocrine therapy outweigh any adverse effects in the initial stages of BC, later- or advanced-stage tumors acquire resistance to treatments. The mechanisms underlying tumor resistance to therapy are still not well understood, posing a major challenge for BC patient care. Epigenetic regulation and miRNA expression may be involved in the switch from a treatment-sensitive to a treatment-resistant state and could provide a valid therapeutic strategy for ERα negative BC. Here, a hybrid lysine-specific histone demethylase inhibitor, MC3324, displaying selective estrogen receptor down-regulator-like activities in BC, was used to highlight the interplay between epigenetic and ERα signaling. MC3324 anticancer action is mediated by microRNA (miRNA) expression regulation, indicating an innovative function for this molecule. Integrated analysis suggests a crosstalk between estrogen signaling, ERα interactors, miRNAs, and their putative targets. Specifically, miR-181a-5p expression is regulated by MC3324 and has an impact on cellular levels of ERα. A comparison of breast tumor versus healthy mammary tissues confirmed the important role of miR-181a-5p in ERα regulation and points to its putative predictive function in BC therapy.

Glyphosate effects on the female reproductive systems: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakineh Kaboli Kafshgiri ◽  
Tahereh Farkhondeh ◽  
Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
English Language ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
Reproductive Systems ◽  
Histological Changes

Abstract Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are organophosphate pesticides, which interrupt the chemicals involved in the endocrine system and cause lifelong disorders in women's reproductive system. The current study was designed to systematically evaluate the association between GBH exposure and the female reproductive tract. According to PRISMA Guidelines, the systematic review was performed, searching online databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, throughout April 2020. Studies with Rodent, lamb, and fish or exposed to GBH to affect the female reproductive system were selected. All studies were in the English language. Two investigators independently assessed the articles. The first author's name, publication date, animal model, age, sample size, gender, dose, duration, and route of exposure and outcomes were extracted from each publication. The present review summarizes 14 publications on uterus alterations and oocytes, histological changes ovary, and assessed mRNA expression, protein expression, serum levels progesterone, and estrogen and intracellular Reaction Oxygen Species (ROS) in rodents, fish, and lamb exposed to GHB exposure. Most of the studies reported histological changes in ovarian and uterus tissue, alterations in serum levels, and increased oxidative stress level following exposure to GBH. Additionally, due to alterations in the reproductive systems (e.g., histomorphological changes, reduction of the mature follicles, higher atretic follicles, and interstitial fibrosis), it seems the GBH-induced female these alterations are both dose- and time-dependent. The present findings support an association between GBH exposure and female reproductive system diseases. However, more studies are needed to identify the mechanisms disrupting the effects of GBH and their underlying mechanisms. Considering the current literature, it is recommended that further investigations be focused on the possible effects of various pesticides on the human reproductive system.

scholarly journals Zinc: A Necessary Ion for Mammalian Sperm Fertilization Competency

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 4097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Kerns ◽  
Michal Zigo ◽  
Peter Sutovsky
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sperm Maturation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
Semen Processing ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Function

The importance of zinc for male fertility only emerged recently, being propelled in part by consumer interest in nutritional supplements containing ionic trace minerals. Here, we review the properties, biological roles and cellular mechanisms that are relevant to zinc function in the male reproductive system, survey available peer-reviewed data on nutritional zinc supplementation for fertility improvement in livestock animals and infertility therapy in men, and discuss the recently discovered signaling pathways involving zinc in sperm maturation and fertilization. Emphasis is on the zinc-interacting sperm proteome and its involvement in the regulation of sperm structure and function, from spermatogenesis and epididymal sperm maturation to sperm interactions with the female reproductive tract, capacitation, fertilization, and embryo development. Merits of dietary zinc supplementation and zinc inclusion into semen processing media are considered with livestock artificial insemination (AI) and human assisted reproductive therapy (ART) in mind. Collectively, the currently available data underline the importance of zinc ions for male fertility, which could be harnessed to improve human reproductive health and reproductive efficiency in agriculturally important livestock species. Further research will advance the field of sperm and fertilization biology, provide new research tools, and ultimately optimize semen processing procedures for human infertility therapy and livestock AI.

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