scholarly journals Experience of Emergency Cervical Tracheal Repair after Non-Iatrogenic Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. E001-E003
Author(s):  
Yasser Mubarak ◽  
Mohamed Abdel Bary
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Iatrogenic Injury ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Successful Intubation ◽  
Tracheal Injury ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Cervical Trachea ◽  
Type Of Injury

Background: Non-iatrogenic cervical tracheal injury is very rare and challenging for emergency critical care, early diagnosis, and immediate repair. So, emergency repair after early definitive diagnosis is the mainstay to avoid mortality and morbidity. Methods: A retrospective, observational, cohort study is undertaken with collected data on 50 patients with emergency cervical tracheal repair after non-iatrogenic injury between January 2011 to January 2020 at our accident and emergency department in Minia and South Valley Universities. Results: The non-iatrogenic injury of the cervical trachea is more common in adult males (98%), and blunt trauma (70%) is the predominant type of injury. Subcutaneous emphysema (SE) is the most common presentation (99%). There are associated comorbidities like vascular (4%), maxillofacial (6%), head injury (2%), and esophageal tear (8%). Successful intubation is lifesaving, and early diagnosis and repair avoid complications. Conclusions: Early diagnosis is a cornerstone for the successful management of cervical tracheal injury, in which successful intubation is a mainstay to reduce mortality. Emergency surgical repair reduces mortality and complications.

Identification of novel exonic variants responsible for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in West Indian population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhargav N. Waghela ◽  
Ramesh J. Pandit ◽  
Apurvasinh Puvar ◽  
Franky D. Shah ◽  
Prabhudas S. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Disease Association ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

Abstract Background Breast and ovarian cancers are the most common cancer types in females in India which pertain to higher mortality and morbidity due to late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Early diagnosis for better prognosis improve the patient’s treatment and survival. The next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based screening has accelerated molecular diagnosis of various cancers. Methods We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of 30 patients who had a first or second degree relative with breast or ovarian cancer. Further, all these patients are tested negative for BRCA1/2 or other high and moderate risk genes reported for HBOC. WES data from 30 patients were analyzed and variants were called using bcftools. Functional annotation of variants and variant prioritization was performed by Exomiser. The clinical significance of variants was determined by Varsome tool. The functional analysis of genes was determined by STRING analysis and disease association was determined by open target tool. Results We examined the variants based on the prevalence of variants among 30 patients i.e. frequency and disease association determined by the phenotype score of exomiser. From both the approaches, we found novel variants and novel gene candidates associated with HBOC conditions. The variants in HYDIN, AVIL, IWS1, PLA2G6, PRDM4, ST3GAL2, and ZNF717 were predicted highly oncogenic. Moreover, we also found 59 genes having higher phenotype score (phenotype score >0.75) and which are associated with various biological processes such as DNA integrity maintenance, transcriptional regulation, cell cycle and apoptosis. Conclusion The gene variants associated with HBOC condition in West Indian cohort have been revisited. Our findings provide novel as well as highly prevalent variants in the population which could be further studied in detail for their use in early diagnosis and better prognosis of HBOC patients.

scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus: Current Knowledge and Focus on Oral Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Luca Fiorillo ◽  
Gabriele Cervino ◽  
Giovanni Surace ◽  
Rosa De Stefano ◽  
Luigi Laino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Oral Hpv ◽  
Type Of Injury

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is responsible for different pathological manifestations in humans. This agent gives rise to lesions of different types and in different areas of the organism, including the oral cavity. The aim of this study is to show which are the main diseases for which HPV is responsible and to bring to light some of the interceptive and therapeutic strategies. The analysis was conducted by consulting the major scientific databases with the aim of obtaining information on the characteristics of oral HPV and its management; furthermore, the literature was supported by some clinical cases proposed by the authors. The role of dentistry is essential in the early diagnosis of this type of pathologies and above all in knowing how to direct patients towards a path that can lead to patient management, especially in the event that these lesions have a malignant potential. Enhancing the knowledge and role of dentistry can lead to early diagnosis of this type of injury, intercepting a pathology that could have multiorgan implications.

scholarly journals Análisis de la incidencia de lesiones y hábitos usados durante el calentamiento en el baloncesto femenino (Analysis of the incidence of injuries and routines used during warm-up in female basketball players)

Retos ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Víctor Toro Román ◽  
David Guerrero Ramos ◽  
Diego Muñoz Marín ◽  
Jesús Siquier Coll ◽  
Ignacio Bartolomé Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Injury ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Extrinsic Risk ◽  
Type Of Injury

Objetivo: Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron conocer la frecuencia de lesiones en una temporada, analizar hábitos de calentamiento, identificar factores de riesgos intrínsecos y extrínsecos relacionados con lesiones y establecer relaciones entre las variables del cuestionario y las lesiones en jugadoras de baloncesto. Método: Setenta jugadoras (23±6 años) de baloncesto federadas participaron en este estudio descriptivo retrospectivo utilizando una adaptación de un cuestionario de lesiones deportivas autocompletado por las jugadoras, el cual contenía variables relacionadas con la aparición y prevención de lesiones en el baloncesto. Se realizó un análisis de frecuencias y porcentajes y tablas de contingencia mediante el test de Chi-Cuadrado. Resultados: Se encontraron relaciones significativas entre el número de sesiones y las jugadoras lesionadas (p <.05), así como la realización de la práctica en diferentes pavimentos a lo largo de la temporada (p <.05). Las jugadoras utilizaban una tipología de calentamiento tradicional, alejado de las recomendaciones actuales. La estructura anatómica más afectada fue el tobillo/pie seguido de la rodilla, siendo el esguince el tipo de lesión predominante. Conclusión: Aumentar el número de sesiones semanales está relacionado con un incremento del número de lesiones. Las lesiones de las articulaciones del tobillo/pie y la rodilla son las más frecuentes en este deporte. Realizar la práctica de baloncesto en distintas superficies a lo largo de la temporada podría incrementar el número de lesiones. Abstract. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of injuries over a season, analyse warm-up routines, identify intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors related to injuries, and establish relationships between the variables of the questionnaire and injuries in female basketball players. Methods: Seventy female players (23±6 years) from federated basketball teams participated in this retrospective descriptive study, which used an adaptation of a sports injury questionnaire filled by the players and containing variables related to the occurrence and prevention of injuries in basketball. Analysis of frequencies and percentages and contingency tables was carried out using the Chi-Square test. Results: Significant relationships were found between number of sessions and injured players (p <.05), as well as the carrying out of practices on different surfaces throughout the season (p <.05). The players used a typology of traditional warm-up, far from the current recommendations. The most affected anatomical structure was the ankle/foot followed by the knee, sprain being the predominant type of injury. Conclusions: Increasing the number of weekly sessions is associated to an increase in the number of injuries. Injuries to ankle/foot and knee joints are the most common in this sport. Playing basketball on different surfaces throughout the season may increase the number of injuries.

Developing sensor materials for screening intestinal diseases

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhao ◽  
Xiaoxuan Zhang ◽  
Guopu Chen ◽  
Luoran Shang
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Medical System ◽  
Multidisciplinary Communication ◽  
Intestinal Diseases ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disease Markers ◽  
Sensor Materials

Abstract Intestinal diseases have always been the focus of clinicians and scientific researchers, which have high mortality and morbidity rates, and bring huge encumbrance on the public medical system and economy worldwide. In the progression of many intestinal diseases, early diagnosis and intervention are valuable. Fortunately, the emergence of sensor materials can effectively assist clinical early diagnosis and health monitoring. By accurately locating the lesion and sensitively analyzing the level of disease markers, these sensor materials can help to precisely diagnose the stage and state of lesions, thereby avoiding delaying the treatment. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and in-depth knowledge into diagnosing and monitoring intestinal diseases with the assistance of sensor materials, particularly emphasizing the design and application of them in bioimaging and biodetection. This review is dedicated to conveying the practical applications of sensor materials in the intestine, a critical analysis of their mechanisms and applications, and discussion of their future roles in medicine. We believe that this review would promote the multidisciplinary communication between material science, medicine, and the relevant engineering fields, thus improving the clinical translation of sensor materials

Role of N-Terminal Pro-brain Natriuretic Peptide in the Early Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (05) ◽  
pp. 228-234
Author(s):  
Nilufer Okur ◽  
Mehmet Buyuktiryaki ◽  
Nurdan Uras ◽  
Mehmet Yekta Oncel ◽  
Halid Halil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis

Objective Sepsis is one of the most significant contributors to mortality and morbidity in the neonatal population. The need to find specific biomarkers that provide meaningful information about the diagnosis of sepsis is still ongoing. This study aimed to investigate the utility of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a diagnostic biomarker in newborn infants with late-onset sepsis. Methods A prospective, observational study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit between July 2016 and January 2017. The patients suspected of having late-onset sepsis and meeting the selection criteria were included in the study, and serial measurements of white blood cell count, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma interleukin (IL) 6, and whole blood NT-proBNP levels were performed. Results The study included 87 patients diagnosed with sepsis and 35 control patients. The median NT-proBNP levels were higher in septic patients (58 [22–169] vs. 14 [7–21]; p < 0.001), showing a significant correlation with CRP and IL-6 levels (r = 0.327, p < 0.01 and r = 0.216, p < 0.05, respectively). The optimal diagnostic cutoff value for differentiating sepsis was 27.5 pg/mL. Predictive parameters of NT-proBNP, such as sensitivity (72%) and specificity (86%), were comparable to those of CRP and IL-6 for the early diagnosis of sepsis in neonates. Conclusion Plasma NT-proBNP levels were higher in septic neonates, and the predictive values were comparable to those of CRP and IL-6. However, these values were not high enough to make it a reliable diagnostic biomarker for identifying neonates in the early stages of sepsis.

scholarly journals Rhino-orbito-Cerebral mucormycosis during COVID 19 pandemic in western Uttar Pradesh India

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Mohit Srivastava ◽  
Keshav Gupta ◽  
Veenita Singh
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Sudden Rise ◽  
Type2 Diabetes ◽  
Total Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Type2 Diabetes Mellitus

Mucormycosis (Black fungus) is a designated as a rare, rapidly progressive fatal disease of immunocompromised caused by saprophytic fungus of family mucorales. Early diagnosis with prompt medical and surgical treatment is the only tool available. Rhino-orbito-cerebral is the most common subtype. In India we saw a sudden rise in mucormycosis cases during second wave of COVID 19. This necessitated a systematic review of epidemic of mucormycosis in COVID 19.A Retrospective multi-centric study was conducted comprising of 51 cases of Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis with present or recent COVID19 in Western Uttar Pradesh positive status presenting to us during 14 April 2021- 31 May 2021.Either Type2 Diabetes Mellitus or history of recent use of steroids in high doses was present in all the patients. Contribution of virulence of the Delta strain B1.617.2 is significant. FESS with sino-nasal debridement contributes significantly towards mortality reduction and cost of total treatment by significantly reducing days of Liposomal Amphotericin B therapy.Early diagnosis with prompt medical and surgical management along with blood sugar control and avoiding use of high dose of steroids remain to key to mortality and morbidity reduction.

scholarly journals The UEFA model in identification of types, severity and mechanism of injuries among professional footballers in the Nigerian Premier League

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
U K Ani
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Cohort Study Design ◽  
European Football ◽  
Competitive Games ◽  
Recurrent Injuries ◽  
Type Of Injury

Background. Association football, otherwise known as soccer, is the most popular sport in the world. The increase in the popularity of the game and the expectations from players make injury risk in football high. Objective. To describe the types, severity, prevalence and mechanism of injuries among professional footballers in the Nigeria Premier League (NPL). Methods. The Union of European Football Association (UEFA) Injury Study Questionnaire was used for data collection. A total of 240 footballers from 11 clubs, who participated in the 2011/2012 NPL premiership season, was selected through proportionate stratified random sampling technique, and the participants were studied using a prospective cohort study design for 6 months. Descriptive statistics of means, percentages and frequency distributions were used to answer the research questions. Results. The mean (standard deviation) age, height and weight of the injured footballers was 22.9 (3.4) years, 1.69 (0.05) m and 71.3 (3.9) kg, respectively. There was a high injury prevalence (78%) associated with actual league games, whereas the incidence rate per 1 000-hour exposure was 300.2 exposure-hours from 19 games within 6 months. Sprain (32%) was the predominant type of injury recorded. The tackle event (34%) was the predominant mechanism of injury recorded, and 63% of the injuries led to 1 - 3 days of player absence from football activities. Most of the injuries were recurrent injuries (63%). Conclusion. This study showed a high occurrence of injuries in the NPL, in particular associated with league (competitive) games. The findings of this study will serve to guide the development and implementation of injury prevention strategies in the NPL.

scholarly journals Oral Carcinoma of Squamous Cells with Early Diagnosis: Case Report and Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Yadira V. Boza Oreamuno DDS, MSc
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Squamous Cells ◽  
Oral Cancer Screening ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Frequent Localization

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of epithelial origin in the oral cavity, usually affecting men over 40 years of age. The most frequent localization sites are the tongue and the floor of the mouth. The etiology is multifactorial being tobacco and alcohol the most important risk factors. The clinical presentation is variable and although it is preceded by visible changes in the oral mucosa, the diagnosis is usually made late. An early diagnosis is critically important to improve survival and treatment outcomes. Oral cancer screening is effective in reducing the mortality and morbidity of oral cancer. The purpose of this study was to present a case of OSCC and to highlight the importance of an early diagnosis using oral cancer screening, and the review of the relevant literature as for this pathology.

Recall of Injury Events by Thirteen Year Olds

1989 ◽  
Vol 28 (01) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Cecchi ◽  
S. M. Williams ◽  
J. D. Langley
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Event Type ◽  
Recall Data ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Injury Event ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department ◽  
Type Of Injury

Abstract:The level of under-reporting of injury events which resulted in medical treatment was determined for a group of 631 thirteen-year olds. Two-year recall data was compared with the medical records of an accident and emergency department. Thirty-nine percent of all visits to the accident and emergency department were not recalled. Recall was shown to be related to the number of injury events, time elapsed since an injury event, type and severity of injury but not to whether the victim was hospitalized. Logistic regression analysis suggested that the recall of injury events depended on the type of injury sustained, time elapsed since the injury event, the number of injury events, and an interaction effect between the time and the number of injuries.

scholarly journals Injury surveillance in taekwondo and judo during physiotherapy coverage of the seventh all Africa Games

2001 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Phillips ◽  
J. M. Frantz ◽  
S. L. Amosun ◽  
W. Weitz
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Type Of Injury

Objective: To obtain data relating to the incidence of injuries sustained during taekwondo and judo competitions at the 7th All Africa Games.Methods: Prospective recording of injuries sustained by athletes who sought physiotherapy services at the games. Details of type of injury, injury sites and injury severity were obtained.Results: Seventy athletes out of 390 participants reported injuries. The overall injury risk ratio was 0.18. Injuries reported were strains/sprains (65,6%), bruises/contusions (16.1%) and dislocations or fractures (12,9%). The upper limbs were more commonly injured. Of the injuries sustained, approximately 18%, 69% and 13% were respectively classified as mild, moderate and severe injuries.Conclusions: The high incidence of moderate to severe injuries highlights the need for injury prevention programs and the presence of medical staff at major tournaments in order to make early diagnosis and appropriate intervention.

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