Equipment construction materials

2010 ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lewan
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Equipment Construction

THE CLEANABILITY OF MATERIALS IN CONTACT WITH DAIRY PRODUCTS1

1958 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Hays ◽  
J. D. Burroughs ◽  
D. H. Johns
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Radioactive Tracer ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tracer Techniques ◽  
Equipment Construction ◽  
Dairy Equipment

The removal of air dried soil (dairy products contaminated with E. coli) from the surface of disks of several possible dairy equipment construction materials was determined by both radioactive tracer techniques and bacteriological methods. Both methods showed that cleaning the disks with any of the four types of cleaning compounds effected essentially complete removal of the contaminating soil from the surface of the molded plastics and various finishes of stainless steel which were tested.

MIXING PROCESSES AND EQUIPMENT. CONSTRUCTION MIXTURES AND MIXTURES FOR MANUFACTURING CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS. LECTURE 9

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
A. I. Nizhegorodov
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Working Process ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
Mixing Processes ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Equipment Construction ◽  
Clay Suspensions ◽  
Energy Aspects

The article presents materials of Lecture 9 Theory of carrying and lifting, construction and road vehicles and equipment, which describes mixing machines, concrete mixtures, their dosage, quality and homogeneity. The process of concrete mixing and energy aspects of its production are described. The data on mixers used for producing mortars and clay suspensions are presented. The design of a special mixer for producing polystyrene-silicate mineralized granules and the production technology for hollow silicate spheres based on the working process of a special mixer are described.

scholarly journals Bisphenol A in edible part of seafood

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele Repossi ◽  
Federica Farabegoli ◽  
Teresa Gazzotti ◽  
Elisa Zironi ◽  
Giampiero Pagliuca
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Canned Food ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Equipment Construction ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Packaged Food ◽  
Edible Parts ◽  
Migration Limit

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a man-made compound, mainly used as a monomer to produce polycarbonate (PC), epoxy resins, non-polymer additives to other plastics, which have many food related applications, such as food storage containers, tableware and internal coating of cans, as well as non-food applications such as electronic equipment, construction materials and medical devices. BPA exposure can occur when the residual monomer migrates into packaged food and beverages. Moreover, due to the ubiquitous presence of this compound, the general population can be exposed to environmental sources such as water, air and soil. Many studies have investigated the potential health hazards associated with BPA, which can elicit toxic and cancerogenic effects on humans. According to the EFSA opinion, diet is considered to be the main source of exposure, especially canned food; moreover, among non-canned food, meat and fish products have the highest levels of BPA contamination. This review focuses on BPA contamination in seafood, analysing worldwide literature (from January 2010 to October 2015) on BPA contamination of edible parts. The authors try to identify differences between canned and non-canned seafood in literature, and gaps in the state of art. The data evaluated underline that all concentrations for both canned and non-canned seafood were below the specific migration limit set by the EC Directive for BPA in food. Moreover the canned seafood is more contaminated than the non-canned one.

Review of High-Temperature Fuel Cell Hardware Materials

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Yi Yuh ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Adam Franco ◽  
Mohammad Farooque
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Balance Of Plant ◽  
Equipment Construction ◽  
Operation Results

The high-temperature carbonate fuel cell is an ultra-clean and high-efficiency power generator. Its intermediate operating temperature, ∼600–650°C, is considered optimum to facilitate fast fuel cell reaction kinetics, utilize waste heat efficiently in a combined heat and power or bottoming power cycle, and at the same time allow use of commercial commodity materials for cell hardware and balance-of-plant (BOP) piping/equipment construction. MW size power plants manufactured by FCE are being operated at customer sites throughout the world. The cell hardware and BOP materials selections are founded on many years of focused research. Microstructure and mechanical property evolution, oxidation, hot corrosion and carburization have been extensively investigated. Long-term subscale stack endurance as well as power plant field operation results to date show that the baseline hardware construction materials meet the endurance goals. Material durability is well understood and solutions are available to further extend life. This paper will review durability experience of hardware materials (cell, stack and BOP).

Corrosion monitoring and root cause identification in high solids concentrators

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 467-477
Author(s):  
PASI NIEMELAINEN ◽  
MARTTI PULLIAINEN ◽  
JARMO KAHALA ◽  
SAMPO LUUKKAINEN
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Corrosion Monitoring ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
High Solids ◽  
Passive Area

Black liquor high solids (about 80%) concentrators have often been found to suffer from aggressive corrosion. In particular, the first and second effect bodies are susceptible to corrosion attacks resulting in tube leaks and wall thinning, which limit the availability and lifetime of evaporator lines. Corrosion dynamics and construction materials have been studied extensively within the pulp and paper industry to understand the corrosion process. However, it has been challenging to identify root causes for corrosion, which has limited proactive measures to minimize corrosion damage. Corrosion of the first phase concentrator was studied by defining the potential regions for passive area, stress corrosion cracking, pitting corrosion, and general corrosion. This was achieved by using a technique called polarization scan that reveals ranges for the passive area in which the equipment is naturally protected against corrosion. The open circuit potential, also known as corrosion potential, and linear polarization resistance of the metal were monitored online, which allowed for definition of corrosion risks for stainless steel 304L and duplex stainless steels 2205 and SAF 2906. An online temperature measurement added insight to the analysis. A process diagnostics tool was used to identify root causes of the corrosion attacks. Many of the root causes were related to process conditions triggering corrosion. Once the metal surface was activated, it was difficult to repassivate the metal naturally unless a sufficient potential range was reached.

Housing Inflation: Policy Guidelines from Shariah Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Azrul Azlan Iskandar Mirza ◽  
Asmaddy Haris ◽  
Ainulashikin Marzuki ◽  
Ummi Salwa Ahmad Bustamam ◽  
Hamdi Hakiem Mudasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Control Element ◽  
Recent Issue ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
The Government ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

The soaring housing prices in Malaysia is not a recent issue. It is a global phenomenon especially in developing and developed countries, driven by factors including land price, location, construction materials cost, demand, and speculation. This issue demands immediate attention as it affects the younger generation, most of whom could not afford to buy their own house. The government has taken many initiatives and introduced regulations to ensure that housing prices are within the affordable range. This article aims to introduce a housing price control element from the Shariah perspective, as an alternative solution for all parties involved in this issue. It adopts content analysis methodology on policy from Shariah approved sources.

CREDO RADON UA – INFORMATION MODEL FOR CALCULATION OF ROAD CONSTRACTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Karedin ◽  
Nadiya Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Road Pavement

CREDO RADON UA software provides an automated calculation of the strength of the pavement structures of non-rigid and rigid types, as well as the calculation of the strengthening of existing structures. In the article, one can see the main features and functionality of the CREDO RADON UA software, the main points in the calculations according to the new regulations. Information support of the design process includes necessary databases, informational and helping materials that make up the full support of the pavement design process. The concept of CREDO RADON UA 1.0 software is made on the use of elasticity theory methods in calculations of initial information models of pavements. Performing optimization calculations, the roadwear in CREDO RADON UA is designed in such a way that no unacceptable residual deformation occurs under the influence of short-term dynamic or static loading in the working layer of the earth bed and in the structural layers during the lifetime of the structure. The calculation algorithms were made in accordance with the current regulatory documents of Ukraine. CREDO RADON UA software allows user to create information bases on road construction materials and vehicles as part of the traffic flow for calculations. The presented system of automated modeling makes it easier for the customer to control the quality of design solutions, to reasonably assign designs to layers of reinforcement, to quickly make comparisons of calculations of different designs for the optimal use of allocated funds. Prospects for further improvement of the program should be the results of theoretical and experimental studies on filling the databases, which are used as information support for automated design of road structures. Keywords: CREDO RADON UA, road, computer-aided design, repair project, road pavement, strengthening, construction, rigid pavement, elasticity module, a transport stream, calculation method, information support, dynamic or static loading.

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