scholarly journals The concept of community and the character of networks

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael V Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Community Networks ◽  
Community Network ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Observable Phenomenon

Many case studies have examined Community Networks and we have at hand a good many rich and well grounded accounts of local experiences and outcomes as they have been observed in local circumstances. This sort of detailed, highly contextualized empirical work is essential to an understanding of contingent phenomena such as the performance of a Community Network. What we also need though, are theoretical approaches that are abstract enough to interpret the character and performance of differently situated Community Networks. The concept of community, the character of networks, and the implications of marrying the two, need to be teased out. To this end, I suggest that Community Networks be understood analytically as amodern hybrids that derive their ontological characteristics from a conflation of binaries. From this analytic perspective the Community Network is seen to be a sociotechnical assemblage that hybridizes the social and the technical, and not a set of technologies brought to bear on the social. The innovative feature of this particular form of sociotechnical assemblage, from an analytic point of view, is that it brings together “community” and “network” as both ontological concepts and as empirically observable phenomenon. The characterization of the assemblage as a “community” but also as a “network” is thus critiqued, and the differences between these two abstractions are explored, and it is further argued that the contrary ontology of the assemblage manifest structures that are at once heterarchic, and hierarchic.

scholarly journals Passion for Putin’s Palace: Political Protests in Modern Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 235-248
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Skiperskikh
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Protests ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Protest Activity

In this article, the author analyzes the protest activity in Russia in January–February 2021. Protest activity came to Russia after A. Navalny’s investigation of V. Putin’s palace in Gelendzhik. Like the Belarusian protests in August 2021, the Russian protests were suppressed by the police. A feature of the Russian protests was their mass character. A large number of cities in almost all Russian regions were involved in the protest. Based on the data of secondary analysis, the author tries to give his own research of the Russian protest activity in January–February 2021. Protest activity in a number of Russian regions did not look accidental. One could observe protest activity in them before, but with a different agenda. The factor of unpopular government is of great importance in regional protests. The authorities no longer have the proper stock of legitimacy. This fully applies to the governors appointed by V. Putin, and, often, not directly related to the regions that have their own specificity. Case studies of protests in Russian regions show new trends. The protests are increasingly carnival-like. Power is ridiculed and discussed with irony. Familiar dialogue with the authorities is confirmed in various forms and languages of protest. From the author’s point of view, protest activity in Russia will increase by the fall of 2021. In September 2021, elections to the Russian Parliament are to be held. The author assumes that disappointment with the authorities in Russia will grow. The social base of new protests can be broader.

scholarly journals Interventions and intersections: institutional environment and local level autonomy in LEADER. A comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-131
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Brooks ◽  
Katalin Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Democracy ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Autonomous Operation ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

In 2010, when hope emerged that the new conservative government would improve the governance of the LEADER Programme, the Naturama Alliance, a co-operative network of seven Hungarian LAGs, issued a Declaration that summarised procedural issues to be addressed by a revision[1]. After introducing the alliance, the first chapter was entitled “Decentralisation and Autonomy”, indicating the direction of the desired shift towards a more autonomous operation. The LEADER Programme is scrutinised in this article from the point of view of autonomy and local democracy, exploring to what extent these are linked with or distinct from higher level governance transformations towards decentralisation or recentralisation. Theoretical approaches derived from rural and government studies are interpreted in the first sections of the paper, exploring the debate regarding the correlation of autonomy and local democracy and the way it is manifested in LEADER. Most authors regard LEADER as a promoter of local democracy and identify a positive correlation between democracy and an enhanced local autonomy. However, a consensus among scholars also seems to be unfolding from these studies suggesting that the scope of ‘LEADER democracy’ is mostly narrow, restricting participation to more resourceful social groups due both to the ‘thematic filters’ of the Local Development Strategy and to ‘procedural filters’, such as capacities allocated to the staff for animation and assistance to overcome difficulties of application. The empirical research background of this article is provided by two case studies, which were conducted in 2018-2019, one in England (Northumberland Uplands) and one in Hungary (Balaton Uplands), two states with complex recent histories and trajectories in terms of devolution of governance to lower levels and local autonomy. The secondary interpretation of these case studies focuses on the degree of participation and autonomy of LAGs. The analysis reveals that the degree of autonomy (and to some extent of participation) declined in both countries in the last iteration compared to the 2007-13 programming cycle. It has also been uncovered that rather than the ‘post transition’, recentralised Hungarian context, it was the British institutional system and governance tradition that permitted more top-down intervention and less autonomy for the LAGs.     [1] A NATURAMA Szövetség Akciócsoportjainak javaslatai az UMVP III. IV. tengelye intézkedéseinek hatékonyabb megvalósítása érdekében. [Suggestions of the NATURAMA Alliance for the more effective implementation of III-IV axes of the RDP], 2010. http://leadercontact.com/images/stories/https___leaderkontakt.pdf

scholarly journals Quantitative Characterization of Complex Systems—An Information Theoretic Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Aditya Akundi ◽  
Eric Smith
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Information Theoretic ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Information Theoretic Approach

A significant increase in System-of-Systems (SoS) is currently observed in the social and technical domains. As a result of the increasing number of constituent system components, Systems of Systems are becoming larger and more complex. Recent research efforts have highlighted the importance of identifying innovative statistical and theoretical approaches for analyzing complex systems to better understand how they work. This paper portrays the use of an agnostic two-stage examination structure for complex systems aimed towards developing an information theory-based approach to analyze complex technical and socio-technical systems. Towards the goal of characterizing system complexity with information entropy, work was carried out in exploring the potential application of entropy to a simulated case study to illustrate its applicability and to establish the use of information theory within the broad horizon of complex systems. Although previous efforts have been made to use entropy for understanding complexity, this paper provides a basic foundation for identifying a framework to characterize complexity, in order to analyze and assess complex systems in different operational domains.

scholarly journals Plurality of Points of Views and knowing of a Plural Reality

2018 ◽  
Vol Épistémologies du pluriel (Articles) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Compagnone
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interactional Features ◽  
The Way

International audience El objetivo de éste artículo es dar cuenta de la manera por la cual las concepciones plurales de la realidad son inherentes al proceso de conocimiento. Asimismo, el artículo apunta a mostrar de qué manera los distintos puntos de vista de los actores sobre ésta realidad son social y materialmente situados. Apoyándose en el enfoque de J.-P. Darré , el neo-pragmatismo de H. Putnam, así como en los aportes de lingüistas y psicólogos, el presente trabajo ilumina la manera en la cual la relación entre realidad y conocimiento puede establecerse. El artículo destaca que la verdad depende de la adecuación del conocimiento a la realidad y pone en relieve las propiedades interactivas de las cosas. Finalmente, permite revelar la naturaleza social de las concepciones y discute, a partir de la noción de punto de vista de A. Schütz, la caracterización social de estos puntos de vista. The purpose of this article is to report the way in which the plural understandings of reality are inherent to the process of knowledge production. It alsoaims to show what it means that actors’ point of view are socially and materially situated. Relying on J.-P. Darré’s approach, Putnam’s pragmatism, as well as on linguists’ and psychologists’ works, it highlights how the relationship between reality and knowledge may be understood. It underlines that truth depends on the adequacy of knowledge to reality and emphasizes the interactional features of things. Then, it focuses on the social nature of understanding and discusses the social characterization of points of view, drawing on A. Schütz’s works. Le but de cet article est de rendre compte de la façon dont desconceptions plurielles de la réalité sont inhérentes au processus de connaissance.Il vise aussi à montrer comment on peut entendre que les points de vue des acteurs sur cette réalité sont socialement et objectivement situés. S’appuyant sur l’approche de J.-P. Darré, sur le néopragmatisme de H. Putnam, ainsi que sur les travaux de linguistes et de psychologues, il éclaircit la façon dont on peut entendre le rapport qui peut être établi entre réalité et connaissance. Il souligne que la vérité dépend de l’adéquation de la connaissance à la réalité et met en valeur les propriétés interactionnelles des choses. Il fait ensuite apparaître la nature sociale des conceptions et discute, à partir de la notion de point de vue de A. Schütz, de la caractérisation sociale de ces points de vue.

Documentary and Performance

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Pullen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
Reality Television ◽  
Social Agency ◽  
Social Actor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Biographical Film ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Television Formats

This chapter considers the representation of the straight girl and the queer guy within varying documentary media forms, considering the notions of social agency and performativity. Foregrounding both documentary theory and performance studies, the documentary biographical film drama Carrington (Christopher Hampton 1995, UK), offers a historical precedent in the representation of the straight girl and queer guy, all the while foregrounding notions of devotion and intensity. The context of the social actor is further examined in more recent documentary case studies such as Fag Hags: Women Who Love Gay Men (Justine Pimlott 2005, Canada), My Husband Is Gay (Benetta Adamson 2005, UK) and My Husband Is Not Gay (TLC 2015, US), framing the intense relationships between straight girls and queer guys – in many instances relating legal marriages and questioning issues of fidelity. Also the performative potential of reality television is explored in Would Like to Meet (BBC 2001, UK), Boy Meets Boy (Bravo 2003, US) and Queer Eye for the Straight Guy (Bravo 2003–7, US), through examining the confines and opportunity of television formats.

General Theoretical Approaches to the Concept of “State Property” as an Object of Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Liliia Tymoshchyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Literature ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction. The basic concept of modern society is the concept of property. It is the basis of social relations – a variety of categories of tangible and intangible objects can be considered as property. This article considers the modern definition of “state property” in the Ukrainian economic literature, and features of the definition of state property as an object of evaluation in its economic content in Ukraine. Purpose. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the main existing in the current economic literature approaches to the valuation of state-owned property. Results. As simple and basic concept “state property” does not have a single clear and comprehensive definition. The article presents three main approaches to it. The interpretations presented in encyclopedic materials, views on state property from the point of view of sociology and philosophy are considered. Considerable attention is paid to the views of domestic economists, who focus on various aspects of the economic content of the concept, considering it as an act of state appropriation of certain objects (S. Mocherny), from the standpoint of the social contract (M. Kamyshanska), with emphasis for the purpose of using property – the realization of national interests (G. Dorofeeva), taking into account the role of state property as the basis of the economy of society (V. Emelyanov) and the primacy of economic relations compared to legal (N. Biryukova). Conclusions. Concluding the article, the author concludes that he adheres to the approach that state property, in contrast to private property is a system of relations regarding the appropriation of goods in the interests of the community and the state as a whole. Thus, state property can be considered as a basis for the development of capital-intensive industries and industries, an economic reserve designed to ensure the development of private and public capital of the nation, private enterprise, and to eliminate the effects of economic crises. State property is also responsible for the material security of public safety, the work of the social sphere and the production of public goods.

EU und ASEAN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Vitic
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
World Region ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
World Regions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Eu

World regions can be understood as a stage between national and global social policy as new places for generating social security. In this study, this thesis is analysed empirically and innovatively in terms of concept from a sociological point of view. Based on the triangulation of various theoretical approaches, it develops a theory of humane world regions, raising the social profile of the EU and ASEAN to an unprecedented level. It presents the social objectives, social sector and social regulation of each world region from a longitudinal perspective (EU: 1952 to 2010; ASEAN: 1980 to 2010). The foundations of its data are based on world regional legal acts (n = 1620), contracts and annual reports, which are evaluated qualitatively and analytically. The EU is a world region with a binding social profile, while ASEAN has established a non-binding social profile.

Noun Phrases

2019 ◽  
pp. 334-357
Author(s):  
Evelien Keizer
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Noun Phrase ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Cognitive Perspective ◽  
General Characterization ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
English Noun

This chapter provides a brief overview of some widely debated issues in discussions of the English noun phrase, and illustrates how these issues have been dealt with in different theoretical approaches. After a general characterization of the noun phrase from a pre-theoretical point of view, the chapter proceeds to discuss the internal structure of the noun phrase from a generative, functional, and cognitive perspective. Subsequently, the differences between these approaches are illustrated by addressing two basic notions in the analysis of English noun phrases: headedness (in regular noun phrases, as well as in headless and pseudo-partitive noun phrases) and the distinction between relational and non-relational nouns (and, consequently, between complements and modifiers). In both cases the various types of criteria for analysis are discussed, as well as some problems in applying these criteria.

scholarly journals An essay on individual self-determination

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Margarete Afonso ◽  
Ernane Pedro Matos Barros ◽  
Matheus Paiva Emidio Cavalcanti ◽  
Mariane Albuquerque Lima Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Individual Self

There are several understandings about the role of human gender identity in the scientific field, this discussion correlates definitions of both social and biological basis. The current confusion in the conceptualization of “sex” and “gender” demonstrates the need for a comparative analysis of the scientific dynamic vocabulary, as well as the insertion of an interdisciplinary historical, social and cultural point of view together with the biological view outside the normative binary logic. The word “gender” can be defined as the social construction of sex, differing from the variable “sex” because it refers to a biological dimension of the anatomo-physiological characterization of humans, recognized as essential and innate in determining the distinctions between male and female. Therefore, the JHGD presents a thematic diversity that focuses on issues related to public health, demonstrating the need to develop knowledge to generate impact on public policy strategies, aiming at universality, equity and comprehensiveness in scientific research involving sexand gender and their impacts on health sciences.

Methodological Considerations and Explanation of Case Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-58
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Diaspora Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

This chapter examines various definitions of diaspora and how the characterization of diaspora has evolved over time and through adoption in fields beyond international relations. The chapter provides an explanation on historical institutionalism, which is adopted by the author to explain the selected case studies as well as provides greater insight into the social movement and symbolic interactionism theories of Herbert Blumer, which are used widely in diaspora studies and sociological theories on identity construction. The chapter provides justification for the author's use of qualitative analysis and methods of researching diaspora.

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