scholarly journals The Role of China’s Teaching Research System in Promoting Evidence-based Reform in Education: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1227-1241
Author(s):  
Shike Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Professional Community ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research System ◽  
Teaching Research ◽  
Education In China

Teaching research system is a unique professional community of education and teaching research in China. It is an important driving and leading force in promoting evidence-based reform in education in China. Using fifteen-year exploration of evidence-based reform in education in Jiangsu Province as a case, this paper presents the ways and characteristics of evidence-based reform in education in China, with a focused analysis of the role of teaching research system in the reform. Despite its uniqueness, China’s evidence-based reform in education can still contribute experience to its world counterpart.

scholarly journals The Role of Generic Competence and Professional Expertise in Legal Translation. The Case of English and Polish Probate Documents

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
Stanisław Goźdź-Roszkowski
Keyword(s):  
Professional Community ◽  
Professional Expertise ◽  
Related Concept ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
Deceased Person ◽  
Legal Translation ◽  
Legal Texts

Abstract This paper seeks to demonstrate how the concept of generic competence (primarily intended for monolingual specialized communication) could be extended to address important issues in translating legal texts. First, generic competence is discussed against the backdrop of the related concept of translation competence. Then, a case study is presented which examines a closely related set of documents employed by the professional community of lawyers (represented by an English solicitor and Polish advocate) engaged in the specialist domain of probate law (legal process related to the estate of a deceased person). It is argued that both generic competence and professional expertise should be included in the range of competencies required for the translator of legal texts.

scholarly journals Review of the role of NICE in promoting the adoption of innovative cardiac technologies

Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (22) ◽  
pp. 1817-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H Groves ◽  
Chris Pomfrett ◽  
Mirella Marlow
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Medical Technologies ◽  
Professional Societies ◽  
Diagnostic Technologies ◽  
Improve Health

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Medical Technologies Evaluation Programme (MTEP) promotes the adoption of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic technologies into National Health Service (NHS) clinical practice through the publication of guidance and briefing documents. Since the inception of the programme in 2009, there have been 7 medical technologiesguidance, 3 diagnostics guidance and 23 medtechinnovation briefing documents published that are relevant to the heart and circulation. Medical technologies guidance is published by NICE for selected single technologies if they offer plausible additional benefits to patients and the healthcare system. Diagnostic guidance is published for diagnostic technologies if they have the potential to improve health outcomes, but if their introduction may be associated with an increase in overall cost to the NHS. Medtechinnovation briefings provide evidence-based advice to those considering the implementation of new medical devices or diagnostic technologies. This review provides reference to all of the guidance and briefing medical technology documents that NICE has published that are relevant to the heart and circulation and reflect on their diverse recommendations. The interaction of MTEP with other NICE programmes is integral to its effectiveness and the means by which consistency is ensured across the different NICE programmes is described. The importance of the input of clinical experts from the cardiovascular professional community and the engagement by NICE with cardiovascular professional societies is highlighted as being fundamental to ensuring the quality of guidance outputs as well as to promoting their implementation and adoption.

scholarly journals Study on the Spatial Restructuring of the Village System at the County Level Oriented toward the Rural Revitalization Strategy: A Case of Jintan District, Jiangsu Province

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Xinguo Bu ◽  
Lijie Pu ◽  
Chunzhu Shen ◽  
Xuefeng Xie ◽  
Caiyao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Service Area ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
County Level ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Spatial Restructuring ◽  
Important Means ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The spatial restructuring of village systems is an important means by which to promote rural revitalization. A large number of villages with small average areas bring great challenges to the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy (RRS) in China. To promote the implementation of the RRS, it is necessary to restructure the village system. This paper proposes a method of spatial restructuring for the village system at the county level, oriented toward the RRS. This study proposes a village classification system with central villages, characteristic villages, and merged villages. It also accounts for the role of various villages in the RRS and proposes differentiated development strategies. This study involved the construction of a village centrality index system and a central village selection model aligned with the RRS. Taking the district of Jintan in Jiangsu Province as a case study for the empirical analysis, the results show that the applicability of the model to the study area is good. Using this model, 32 central villages and 10 characteristic villages were selected. After restructuring the village system, the number of villages decreased by 69.1%. The results from analyzing the travel time radius of the central villages show that 71.5% of the land in the evaluation area lies within a 15 min commute of the central villages, and 96.5% lies within 25 min, indicating that the locations and number of the selected central villages are reasonable. Compared with the service area of the village system before the restructure, the average service area of the central villages is 3.4 times larger, which helps to improve the infrastructure and public service efficiency of the central villages. By guiding resources to aggregate in the central villages and promoting the comprehensive consolidation of land in the merged villages, the restructuring of the village system can help further the success of the RRS in Jintan.

The role of finance in the sales and operations planning process: a multiple case study

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Seeling ◽  
Tobias Kreuter ◽  
Luiz Felipe Scavarda ◽  
Antonio Márcio Tavares Thomé ◽  
Bernd Hellingrath
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Operations Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

PurposeThis paper aims to offer evidence-based findings on the under-researched role of finance in the sales and operations planning (S&OP) process, aiming to guide academics and practitioners towards successful S&OP implementations.Design/methodology/approachThe research builds upon a multiple case study, embracing five Latin American subsidiaries of four global manufacturing corporations from the consumer goods, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Following an exploratory approach, the case study results are analysed in within- and cross-case analyses.FindingsThe research findings are synthesised into a framework, demonstrating relevant benefits from the engagement of finance along the S&OP process and the implications of its interactions with traditional S&OP functions as sales, marketing and operations. The paper shows how finance adds value in supporting the process, enabling decisions on costs, margins, capital expenditures and return on investments. Finance strengthens S&OP when assessing demand- and supply-related risks and facilitates comparing the functional business areas' plans to budget. While finance participation is highlighted as necessary for supporting successful S&OP implementations, it also receives valuable inputs in return, characterising a two-way communication role that benefits the entire organisation.Originality/valueThis is the first research paper focusing on empirically exploring the role of finance within S&OP, going beyond initial insights from practice and academia. It provides practitioners and scholars with an in-depth, evidence-based view of finance's integration along the S&OP process.

Reading and Interpreting the Research

2016 ◽  
pp. 69-108
Author(s):  
John C. Norcross ◽  
Thomas P. Hogan ◽  
Gerald P. Koocher ◽  
Lauren A. Maggio
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Evidence-based practice depends on research as its key source, and that research follows one of several designs. This chapter identifies commonly used research designs, terms used in their application, and the special strengths and weaknesses of each design. Designs include randomized clinical trials, quasi-experimental designs, surveys, and case study methods. Discussion of multivariate methods covers the important role of partial correlation and its applications in multiple regression, structural equation modeling, factor analysis (both exploratory and confirmatory), and mediator analysis. The chapter further details the role of the hypothesis in the designs, types of errors (I and II) affecting conclusions, and the role of power in statistical tests. Critical factors in drawing causal conclusions from the various designs receive special attention throughout.

To disinvest or invest? The role of programme budgeting and marginal analysis (PBMA) for economic evaluation and prioritization between public health interventions

2019 ◽  
pp. 312-340
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Charles ◽  
Rhiannon T. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Marginal Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Allocation Decisions

This chapter describes the application of programme budgeting and marginal analysis (PBMA) as an evidence-based framework to make resource allocation decisions such as whether to invest or disinvest in certain services, products, or interventions. This evidence-based eight-step decision-making process can help decision-makers to maximize the impact of healthcare resources on the health needs of a local population. Programme budgeting is an appraisal of past resource allocation in specified programmes or services with a view to tracking future resource allocation in those same programmes or services. Marginal analysis is the appraisal of the added benefits and added costs of a proposed investment or the lost benefits and lower costs of a proposed disinvestment. This chapter pays particular attention to the use of the PBMA framework to appraise a national health improvement budget as a case study to illustrate the methods practical application in public health.

scholarly journals The role of epidemiology in evidence-based policy making: a case study of tobacco use in youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 360-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda C. Aldrich ◽  
Bertha Hidalgo ◽  
Rachel Widome ◽  
Peter Briss ◽  
Ross C. Brownson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Policy

scholarly journals The Role of Context in the Case of Taro

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Yoshinobu Kanazawa
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Mechanisms Of Change ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Scientific Rigor ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p align="left">Muto and Mitamura (2015) are to be highly commended for publishing the case study of Taro. The article is notable for its emphasis on documenting what is behaviorally observable and reliably quantifiable. The authors&rsquo; commitment to scientific rigor is laudable. Japanese psychotherapists are strongly advised to use this article as a model of evidence-based treatment in their descriptions of psychotherapy sessions. On the other hand, the reviewer would have liked to see more discussions on contextual factors around Taro, his presenting problems, and his therapy, including therapeutic relationships, Taro&rsquo;s emotions in therapy sessions and the therapist&rsquo;s responses to them, possible conflicts in Taro&rsquo;s family, as well as organizational issues around Taro and his symptoms in his workplace. Measurement tools are available to reliably quantify these variables. Incorporating these measures into the therapist&rsquo;s work with Taro would help readers better understand the therapeutic process and illuminate the mechanisms of change in the case study.</p>

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