scholarly journals The Role of Context in the Case of Taro

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Yoshinobu Kanazawa
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Mechanisms Of Change ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Scientific Rigor ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Therapy Sessions

<p align="left">Muto and Mitamura (2015) are to be highly commended for publishing the case study of Taro. The article is notable for its emphasis on documenting what is behaviorally observable and reliably quantifiable. The authors&rsquo; commitment to scientific rigor is laudable. Japanese psychotherapists are strongly advised to use this article as a model of evidence-based treatment in their descriptions of psychotherapy sessions. On the other hand, the reviewer would have liked to see more discussions on contextual factors around Taro, his presenting problems, and his therapy, including therapeutic relationships, Taro&rsquo;s emotions in therapy sessions and the therapist&rsquo;s responses to them, possible conflicts in Taro&rsquo;s family, as well as organizational issues around Taro and his symptoms in his workplace. Measurement tools are available to reliably quantify these variables. Incorporating these measures into the therapist&rsquo;s work with Taro would help readers better understand the therapeutic process and illuminate the mechanisms of change in the case study.</p>

A review of the evidence to explain pharmacological basis of injection (ab)use of buprenorphine–naloxone tablets

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Tamoud Modak, MD, DM ◽  
Siddharth Sarkar, MD, MRCPsych ◽  
Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, MD
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Opioid Replacement Therapy ◽  
Pharmacological Basis

Opioid use disorder is a major public health problem, and opioid replacement therapy with buprenorphine (BPN) is a clinically effective and evidence-based treatment for it. To deter misuse of the tablet through the injecting route, BPN coformulated with naloxone (BNX) in 4:1 ratio is available in many countries. Despite this, significant diversion and injecting use of the BNX combination has been reported from across the world. In this article, the pharmacological properties of BPN and BNX and the evidence for their diversion are reviewed. Also, a critical examination is made of the evidence supporting the role of naloxone in reducing the agonist effects of BPN when used through the injecting route. Based on this evidence, a hypothesis explaining the continued diversion of BNX has been proposed.

scholarly journals Interaction structures in the psychodynamic therapy of a boy diagnosed with Asperger’s disorder: a single-case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Regina Rohnelt Ramires ◽  
Cibele Carvalho ◽  
Fernanda Munhoz Driemeier Schmidt ◽  
Guilherme Pacheco Fiorini ◽  
Geoff Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Child Psychotherapy ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Psychodynamic Therapy ◽  
Mechanisms Of Change ◽  
Rorschach Variables ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction

It is important to investigate the outcomes of psychotherapy and, especially, its process. Regarding child psychodynamic psychotherapy, available studies are in smaller numbers. Therefore, we still do not fully know the mechanisms of change in treatments with this age group. The Child Psychotherapy Q-Set (CPQ) was designed to analyze the therapeutic process with children. It permits one to identify interaction structures (i.e., repetitive patterns of interaction) and how they change in the course of a treatment. Based on these assumptions, the aim of this study was to identify and to analyze the interaction structures in the psychodynamic therapy of a boy diagnosed with Asperger’s disorder and possible changes in his psychic organization. A mixed longitudinal study, based on the Systematic Case Study procedure, was performed. Approximately 30 months of the boy’s psychotherapy were analyzed using the CPQ. The Rorschach method was used as the outcome measure. Four interaction structures were identified, using the CPQ: Active, confident and lively child, competing with connected, mentalizing and accepting therapist; Withdrawn and defensive child with uncertain, unresponsive and didactic therapist; Accepting therapist with demanding, provocative and hostile child; and Reassuring, supportive, nondirective therapist with a compliant and not spontaneous child. Two interaction structures varied over time. Some changes in Rorschach variables were detected after two years of treatment.

Design Thinking Mindset

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne SOBEL ◽  
Jochen SCHWEITZER ◽  
Bridget MALCOLM ◽  
Lars GROEGER
Keyword(s):  
Design Thinking ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities

This case study reflects on the role of design thinking mindsets in building design thinking capability within professional services consultancies. The nine design thinking mindset attributes developed by Schweitzer et. al (2016) formed the basis of five engagements with consultancies including workshops and semi-structured interviews. Data collection and observation by the authors identified key themes relating to the role of design thinking mindsets at an individual, team and organisational level, as well as the challenges and opportunities of embedding design thinking mindsets to build capability. The authors believe that capability development through the use of design thinking mindsets has the potential to support professional service consultancies to make more significant progress in embedding design thinking beyond the current focus on methods. Potential experiential learning frameworks and measurement tools are also identified.

The role of finance in the sales and operations planning process: a multiple case study

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Seeling ◽  
Tobias Kreuter ◽  
Luiz Felipe Scavarda ◽  
Antonio Márcio Tavares Thomé ◽  
Bernd Hellingrath
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Operations Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

PurposeThis paper aims to offer evidence-based findings on the under-researched role of finance in the sales and operations planning (S&OP) process, aiming to guide academics and practitioners towards successful S&OP implementations.Design/methodology/approachThe research builds upon a multiple case study, embracing five Latin American subsidiaries of four global manufacturing corporations from the consumer goods, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Following an exploratory approach, the case study results are analysed in within- and cross-case analyses.FindingsThe research findings are synthesised into a framework, demonstrating relevant benefits from the engagement of finance along the S&OP process and the implications of its interactions with traditional S&OP functions as sales, marketing and operations. The paper shows how finance adds value in supporting the process, enabling decisions on costs, margins, capital expenditures and return on investments. Finance strengthens S&OP when assessing demand- and supply-related risks and facilitates comparing the functional business areas' plans to budget. While finance participation is highlighted as necessary for supporting successful S&OP implementations, it also receives valuable inputs in return, characterising a two-way communication role that benefits the entire organisation.Originality/valueThis is the first research paper focusing on empirically exploring the role of finance within S&OP, going beyond initial insights from practice and academia. It provides practitioners and scholars with an in-depth, evidence-based view of finance's integration along the S&OP process.

Reading and Interpreting the Research

2016 ◽  
pp. 69-108
Author(s):  
John C. Norcross ◽  
Thomas P. Hogan ◽  
Gerald P. Koocher ◽  
Lauren A. Maggio
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Evidence-based practice depends on research as its key source, and that research follows one of several designs. This chapter identifies commonly used research designs, terms used in their application, and the special strengths and weaknesses of each design. Designs include randomized clinical trials, quasi-experimental designs, surveys, and case study methods. Discussion of multivariate methods covers the important role of partial correlation and its applications in multiple regression, structural equation modeling, factor analysis (both exploratory and confirmatory), and mediator analysis. The chapter further details the role of the hypothesis in the designs, types of errors (I and II) affecting conclusions, and the role of power in statistical tests. Critical factors in drawing causal conclusions from the various designs receive special attention throughout.

To disinvest or invest? The role of programme budgeting and marginal analysis (PBMA) for economic evaluation and prioritization between public health interventions

2019 ◽  
pp. 312-340
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Charles ◽  
Rhiannon T. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Marginal Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Allocation Decisions

This chapter describes the application of programme budgeting and marginal analysis (PBMA) as an evidence-based framework to make resource allocation decisions such as whether to invest or disinvest in certain services, products, or interventions. This evidence-based eight-step decision-making process can help decision-makers to maximize the impact of healthcare resources on the health needs of a local population. Programme budgeting is an appraisal of past resource allocation in specified programmes or services with a view to tracking future resource allocation in those same programmes or services. Marginal analysis is the appraisal of the added benefits and added costs of a proposed investment or the lost benefits and lower costs of a proposed disinvestment. This chapter pays particular attention to the use of the PBMA framework to appraise a national health improvement budget as a case study to illustrate the methods practical application in public health.

Culturally Responsive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C. Zigarelli ◽  
Janine M. Jones ◽  
Cinthia I. Palomino ◽  
Reiko Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Culturally Responsive ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment

This case study provides an analysis of culturally responsive cognitive behavioral therapy with a 15-year-old African American female. The focus of this case study is on the course of treatment and how it was influenced by the implementation of the Jones Intentional Multicultural Interview Schedule (JIMIS)—a process that was completed at the beginning of treatment. A total of 20 therapy sessions were recorded and transcribed for the analysis. The research team analyzed the data qualitatively by identifying culturally salient codes that were stated within each session and coding transcripts using Dedoose software version 6.1.18. Results showed that four culturally salient codes were prominent throughout treatment and that these codes were strongly related to African American culture: gender norms, informal kinship, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity. The connections between the coded themes, the cultural values of the client, as well as the implications for treatment outcomes are described. This study provides evidence of the value of initiating discussion of cultural factors at the beginning of treatment to shape the direction of evidence-based treatment. The study also suggests that integrating cultural factors with African American clients is important and does not reduce the quality of care or diminish from the fidelity of the evidence-based treatment. Based on these findings, recommendations for researchers and clinicians are also discussed.

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