scholarly journals Evaluation of fungicidal effects of post-culture medium of selected mold fungi and bacteria in relation to Basidiomycetes fungi, causing wood destruction

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 2471-2482
Author(s):  
Izabela Betlej ◽  
Andres Bogusław ◽  
Krzysztof J. Krajewski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Fungicidal Effect ◽  
Fungus Culture ◽  
Mold Fungus

The results of the post-culture fungicidal medium from Trichoderma viride Pers. and Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl. mold fungi and Acetobacter xylinum bacteria were studied relative to selected fungi belonging to Basidiomycetes, which cause wood decay. The obtained results confirmed that post-culture liquids derived from the cultivation of various microorganisms might have a differentiated fungicidal effect on wood-decaying fungi. The lowest concentration of fluid from A. xylinum culture added to the growth medium of the studied fungi that completely inhibited the growth was 5mL/100mL.The fungicidal effect of the liquid from the mold fungus culture on the tested wood-decaying fungi turned out to be definitely low. Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd proved to be the most sensitive species. Pleurotus cornucopiae (Paulet) Rolland showed complete resistance to the liquid added to the growth medium, derived from mold fungi. The A. xylinum bacterial culture-fluid may be subject to further analysis as a natural biocide in protecting wood against wood-decaying fungi.

scholarly journals CLONAL VARIATION IN PARAMECIUM. I. PERSISTENT UNSTABLE CLONES

Genetics ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-33
Author(s):  
Irving Finger ◽  
Carol Heller ◽  
Linda Dilworth ◽  
Carolyn Von Allmen
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Clonal Variation ◽  
Fresh Culture

ABSTRACT Clones of Paramecium of identical serotype when cultured in test tubes may differ in their ability to give rise to subclones of this serotype. Characteristically, stable clones yield progeny indistinguishable from their parents, while from unstable clones diverse subclones with new serotypes can be isolated repeatedly. Stable lines are resistant to changes in culture medium and also are unaffected by most sera. In contrast, the numbers and kinds of serotypes displayed among subclones derived from unstable lines are often affected by these same agents. Stable and unstable clones are interconvertible when the medium from individual cultures is repeatedly and frequently replaced by fresh culture fluid. This effect is very likely a result of the removal of the initial exhausted medium with any cell products rather than the addition of fresh nutrient.

Responses of growth cones to changes in osmolality of the surrounding medium

1991 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-515
Author(s):  
D. Bray ◽  
N.P. Money ◽  
F.M. Harold ◽  
J.R. Bamburg
Keyword(s):  
Hydrostatic Pressure ◽  
Growth Cone ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Vapor Pressure Deficit ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Area Reduction ◽  
Osmotic Response ◽  
Upper Limits

The possible involvement of osmotically generated hydrostatic pressure in driving actin-rich extensions of the cell surface was examined using cultures of chick neurons. Estimation of the excess internal osmotic pressure of chick neural tissue by vapor pressure deficit osmometry, and of the excess internal hydrostatic pressure in cultured chick neurons using a calibrated pressure pipette, gave upper limits of 10 mosM and 0.1 atmosphere (1 atmosphere = 101325 Pa), respectively. Increases in the osmolality of the medium surrounding cultured neurons by addition of sucrose, mannitol or polyethylene glycol by amounts that should eliminate any internal pressure not only failed to arrest the growth of filopodia but caused them to increase in length up to twofold in 3–5 min. Lamellipodia remained unchanged following hyperosmotic shifts of 20 mosM, but higher levels caused a small decrease in area. Reduction of osmolality by the addition of water to the culture fluid down to 50% of its normal value failed to show any detectable change in either filopodial length or lamellipodia area. These observations argue against an osmotic mechanism for growth cone extension and show that the growth of filopodia, in particular, is unlikely to be driven by osmotically generated hydrostatic pressure. In contrast to the short-term effects on growth cone morphology, the slower elongation of the neuritic cylinder showed a consistent osmotic response. Growth rates were reduced following addition of osmolytes and increased in rate (as much as sixfold) following addition of water to the culture medium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVITY OF NORMAL AND CANCER CELLS IN VITRO AT DIFFERENT CONCENTRATION OF DEUTERIUM IN CULTURE MEDIUM

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-141
Author(s):  
N. Antipova ◽  
A. Zlatska ◽  
R. Vasyliev ◽  
D. Zubov ◽  
S. Novikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity

In the present study, we showed that normal and cancer cells in vitro in a deuterated growth medium show a decrease of mitochondrial activity (MA), while in a deuterium-depleted medium an increase. The publication has been prepared with the support of the "RUDN University Program 5-100".

scholarly journals Adhesion ofE. coliBacteria Cells to Prosthodontic Alloys Surfaces Modified by TiO2Sol-Gel Coatings

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Banaszek ◽  
Witold Szymanski ◽  
Bożena Pietrzyk ◽  
Leszek Klimek
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Bare Metal ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Modified Surfaces ◽  
Bare Substrate ◽  
Scanning Electron

The evaluation of the degree of bacteriaE. coliadhesion to modified surfaces of the chosen prosthodontic alloys was presented. The study was carried out on Co-Cr (Wironit), Ni-Cr (Fantocer), and Fe-Cr-Ni (Magnum AN) alloys. Bare substrate as a control and titanium dioxide coated samples were used. The samples were placed for 24 hours in bacterial culture medium. After incubation period, a number of bacterial cells were evaluated by scanning electron microscope. The study revealed that modification of the alloy surfaces by titanium dioxide coating significantly decreases the amount of bacteria adhering to the surfaces and that additionally bare metal alloy substrates have a different degree of susceptibility to bacterial adhesion.

scholarly journals Cation Transport in Escherichia coli

1961 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley G. Schultz ◽  
A. K. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Concentration Gradients ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ion Movements ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
K 12

Methods have been developed to study the intracellular Na and K concentrations in E. coli, strain K-12. These intracellular cation concentrations have been shown to be functions of the extracellular cation concentrations and the age of the bacterial culture. During the early logarithmic phase of growth, the intracellular K concentration greatly exceeds that of the external medium, whereas the intracellular Na concentration is lower than that of the growth medium. As the age of the culture increases, the intracellular K concentration falls and the intracellular Na concentration rises, changes which are related to the fall in the pH of the medium and to the accumulation of the products of bacterial metabolism. When stationary phase cells, which are rich in Na and poor in K, are resuspended in fresh growth medium, there is a rapid reaccumulation of K and extrusion of Na. These processes represent oppositely directed net ion movements against concentration gradients, and have been shown to be dependent upon the presence of an intact metabolic energy supply.

An assessment of the basis of mercury tolerance in Dunaliella tertiolecta

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony G. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Isochrysis Galbana ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Dunaliella Tertiolecta ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Compound Formation ◽  
Permeability Changes ◽  
Sulphydryl Groups ◽  
Mercury Tolerance

The specific growth rate of Dunaliella tertiolecta was unaffected by mercury II concentrations of at least 2.03 μg at/1. At 10 μg at/1, it was eventually reduced by 84% but growth continued, giving a final level of cell material only 13% below that in a mercuryfree control. At this concentration, however, growth was largely uncoupled from division and giant cells were produced, probably due to the effect of mercury upon the production of methionine which is known to be implicated in the process of cell division.The basis of the mercury tolerance was investigated in terms of (1) mercury detoxication in the culture medium by complex or compound formation between the metal and metabolites produced by the cells, (2) the concentration of sulphydryl groups both within the cells as possible sequestration sites and in the cell membrane where any molecular disruption and permeability changes produced by the metal first occur, (3) the absence of cellular potassium leakage and (4) the resistance of the cell membrane to the uptake of mercury II ions. Where possible, the results were compared with those from determinations of the same properties of the mercury-sensitive species Isochrysis galbana. The experiments indicated that the mercury tolerance of D. tertiolecta is partly related to the slower rate of mercury accumulation by this species, but is largely due to the detoxication of the mercury within the cell possibly by the precipitation of a highly insoluble mercury compound

Rôle des facteurs de croissance dans la formation des structures de réserve de Verticillium dahliae et V. nigrescens

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 901-904
Author(s):  
Gilles Pelletier ◽  
Claude Aubé
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Facteurs De Croissance

The influence of temperature, culture medium, and the elapsed time of incubation on the morphology and development of resting structures of Verticillium dahliae and V. nigrescens was determined. The development of resting structures is mainly governed by the growth medium. Temperature might be useful in species determination but the kind of medium and the age of culture are critical in this evaluation.The results are discussed more particularly in relation to the evolution of Verticillium species.

scholarly journals The glycosulphatase of Trichoderma viride

1968 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
A G Lloyd ◽  
P J Large ◽  
M Davies ◽  
A H Olavesen ◽  
K S Dodgson
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Potassium Sulphate ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Lag Period

The growth of the mould Trichoderma viride on a defined medium containing either potassium d-glucose 6-O-sulphate or potassium d-galactose 6-O-sulphate as sole sources of both carbon and sulphur is marked by the production of an enzyme system capable of liberating inorganic SO42− ions from either of the sulphate esters. The enzyme is not produced when the organism is grown with glucose (or galactose) and potassium sulphate or with glucose and methionine as sole sources of carbon and sulphur. Experimental conditions are described whereby inorganic SO42− ions liberated from potassium glucose 6-O-sulphate by the growing mould appear in the culture medium after a constant lag period of 21–24hr. The enzyme has been shown to be a simple glycosulphatase that is active towards the 6-O-sulphate esters of d-glucose and d-galactose but not towards potassium glucose 3-O-sulphate. The properties of the crude glycosulphatase show the enzyme to be appreciably different from analogous molluscan enzymes that can degrade monosaccharide sulphate esters.

scholarly journals Praline metabolism by germinating Lilium longiflorum pollen. I. Labelling of cytoplasmic, wall and culture medium molecules

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. V. Dashek ◽  
R. R. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Lilium Longiflorum ◽  
Paper Electrophoresis ◽  
Void Volume ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
The Common ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Salt Extract

Radioactivity occurs in trithloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble and precipitable, cytoplasm and salt-washed walls following germination of <em>Lilium longiflorum</em>, cv. 'Ace' pollen in medium containing [<sup>14</sup>C]-proline (Pro). Sephadex gel filtration on G-25 through G-100 was employed to determine whether radioactivity in cytoplasm, wall and growth medium from pollen fed [<sup>14</sup>C]-Pro or [<sup>3</sup>H]=Pro plus [<sup>14</sup>C]-arafbinose (Ara) was contained within molecules possessing molecular weights of 5,000 to 100,000 daltones or greater. G-25 elution profiles of a crude cytoplasmic fraction (15,000 X g supernatant) from [<sup>14</sup>C]-Pro labelled pollen yielded a radioctive void volume peak and a retarded peak. The void volume peak contained hydroxyproline (Hyp), and exhibited a coincidence of [<sup>3</sup>H]-Pro and [<sup>14</sup>C] -Ara labelling when pollen was double labelled with the two isotopes. This peak also contained radioactivity when pollen was germinated in 2-[<sup>3</sup>H]-myo-inositol. Germination in medium supplemented with 100 µM 2,2'-dipyridyl eliminated radioactivity from 2-[<sup>3</sup>H]-myo-inositol or [<sup>14</sup>C]-,Pro in the peak. Filtratian on G-25 of aTCA-soluble fraction of a salt-extract of walls from [<sup>14</sup>C]-Pro labelled pollen resulted in void volume and two retarded peaks. Void volume and two retarded peaks were also obtained upon G-25 filtration of a cellulase-digest of walls from [M]-Pro labeled pollen. The void volume peak contained Hyp, Lys, Gly, Ala, Ser, Glu and Asp acids, Val, Tyr, Leu or lieu and Pro. Sephadex G-90, 75, and 100 elution profiles of cellulasedigests of walls from [<sup>3</sup>H]-,Pro and [<sup>14</sup>C]-Ara labelled pollen yielded radioactive retarded and Hyp-containing void volume peaks with a coincidence of [<sup>3</sup>H] and [<sup>14</sup>C] labelling. Label in the void volume was obtained when either rhozyme P11- or pepsin-digests of walls from [<sup>14</sup>C]-Pro labelled pollen were gel filtered on G-50. Paper electrophoresis coupled with paper chromatography of acid hydrolyzates of salt-washed wall fractions demonstrated 15 of the common amino acids. Gel filtration on G-25 of growth medium in which pollen was germinated resulted in two peaks, one of which eluted in the void volume. contained Hyp and excluded during subsequent gel filtration on G-100.

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