scholarly journals Review of factors affecting the release of water from cellulosic fibers during paper manufacture

BioResources ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 500-533 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cellulosic Materials ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers ◽  
Colloidal Forces ◽  
Flow Through

The ease with which water is released from cellulosic fiber material during the manufacturing of paper can affect both the production rate and the consumption of energy during the manufacturing process. Important theoretical contributions to dewatering phenomena have been based on flow through packed beds of uniformly distributed fibers. Such descriptions are able to explain why resistance to dewatering increases as a function of the hydrodynamic surface area of fibers. More recent studies have demonstrated a critical role of finely divided matter. If the fines are unattached to fibers, then they tend to move freely through the fiber mat and plug channels in the paper web during the dewatering process. Dewatering also is affected by the deformability of cellulosic fibers and by whether the fibers easily slide past each other, thereby forming a dense mat. By emphasizing the role of fine matter, colloidal forces, and conformability of cellulosic materials, one can gain a more realistic understanding of strategies that papermakers use to enhance initial drainage and vacuum-induced dewatering.

Knowledge Utilisation in AgriFood SMEs: Effects of Organisational and Informational Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 235-248
Author(s):  
David Eshun Yawson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Consumer Information ◽  
Partial Least Squares Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Knowledge Utilisation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Role Of Information

Given the critical role of information and marketing in SME management it is surprising that little attention has been paid to the salient factors that motivate or inhibits consumer information used by agrifood SMEs. A model of organisational and informational factors affecting knowledge utilisation in Agri-food SMEs is presented and empirically tested through partial least squares analysis via SmartPLS. The results of the empirical testing of the conceptual model provide evidence to indicate that functional and technical qualities, provider-user interaction and usefulness in the market environment are determinants of knowledge utilisation. The findings of this study have implications for agri-food SME management in the UK regarding their growth and competitiveness in the medium and long term.

The critical role of NIR spectroscopy and statistical process control (SPC) strategy towards captopril tablets (25 mg) manufacturing process understanding: a case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia Panizzon Dal Curtivo ◽  
Nathália Bitencourt Funghi ◽  
Guilherme Diniz Tavares ◽  
Sávio Fujita Barbosa ◽  
Raimar Löbenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Statistical Process Control ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Statistical Process ◽  
Process Understanding

The arrival of a new principal and the school staff

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-504
Author(s):  
Izhar Oplatka ◽  
Hamutal Ben Or
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
School Staff ◽  
New Principals ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
New Principal

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore teachers’ responses to the arrival of new principals (NPs) into their school. More specifically, the paper poses three questions: How do teachers perceive the arrival of an NP into their school? How do teachers cope with the arrival of an NP? What are the factors affecting teachers’ responses towards the arrival of an NP? Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 Israeli teachers who experienced the arrival of an NP into their school during the last three years. Findings The perceived image of the former principal in the teachers’ lounge and the manner in which s/he left principalship seem to greatly influence teachers’ responses towards the NP. Likewise, the first personal conversations of the NP with the teachers are highly influential on their responses to his/her arrival into their school. Originality/value The paper sheds light on the critical role of emotions towards the former principal in the induction stages of NPs.

scholarly journals The European space-industrial complex: New myths, old realities

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilis Zervos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Military Alliances ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Space Industry ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This article is an economic analysis of the main factors affecting the evolution of the European space industry. The critical role of the government is analyzed with regard to both military alliances and civilian intergovernmental collaboration. The analysis explores how moving from a pure public goods paradigm in collaborative projects toward a commercially-oriented, competitiveness-enhancing paradigm leads to duplication of effort and rivalries within the space agencies and other organizations. Drawing on the example of defense alliances such as NATO, the article illustrates cooperation challenges faced both at European and transatlantic levels as competition and rivalry result from inter-alliance specialization and the difficulties involved in the allocation of benefits.

scholarly journals Linking smallholder producers to high-value markets through vegetable producer cooperatives in Cambodia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Bunthan Tray ◽  
Elena Garnevska ◽  
Nicola Shadbolt
Keyword(s):  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
Vegetable Farm

Modern retail markets have grown in Cambodia, but vegetable growers are unlikely to gain benefits from these high value markets (HVMs). Producer cooperatives (PCs) could play a critical role in linking smallholder farmers to HVMs. The purpose of this paper is: (1) to examine the role of PCs in linking vegetable producers to HVMs; and (2) analyse the factors affecting successful participation in HVMs. This study applied a mixed methods approach to PCs selling the members’ vegetables to HVMs (PC-HVMs), and PCs selling members’ vegetables to traditional markets (TMs) only (PC-TMs). Both groups of PCs provided services to their members (e.g. input, financial, extension services). However, the content and quality of these services were different. PC-TMs emphasised only on support linked to production, while PC-HVMs focused on both production and marketing support. This study indicated that vegetable farming experience, total vegetable produce, and average vegetable prices had a statistically significant influence on producers’ participation in HVMs. However, vegetable farm size showed a negatively significant effect on participation in HVMs. As one of the very few empirical studies on PCs in Cambodia the research provides valuable context for further studies. It has developed and tested a framework for analysing the factors affecting successful participation in HVMs and provides an explanation of why some PCs can successfully participate in HVMs.

scholarly journals Dietary Energy Partition: The Central Role of Glucose

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7729
Author(s):  
Xavier Remesar ◽  
Marià Alemany
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Humans have developed effective survival mechanisms under conditions of nutrient (and energy) scarcity. Nevertheless, today, most humans face a quite different situation: excess of nutrients, especially those high in amino-nitrogen and energy (largely fat). The lack of mechanisms to prevent energy overload and the effective persistence of the mechanisms hoarding key nutrients such as amino acids has resulted in deep disorders of substrate handling. There is too often a massive untreatable accumulation of body fat in the presence of severe metabolic disorders of energy utilization and disposal, which become chronic and go much beyond the most obvious problems: diabetes, circulatory, renal and nervous disorders included loosely within the metabolic syndrome. We lack basic knowledge on diet nutrient dynamics at the tissue-cell metabolism level, and this adds to widely used medical procedures lacking sufficient scientific support, with limited or nil success. In the present longitudinal analysis of the fate of dietary nutrients, we have focused on glucose as an example of a largely unknown entity. Even most studies on hyper-energetic diets or their later consequences tend to ignore the critical role of carbohydrate (and nitrogen disposal) as (probably) the two main factors affecting the substrate partition and metabolism.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACCEPTANCE OF MOBILE PAYMENT SYSTEMS IN JORDAN: THE MODERATING ROLE OF TRUST

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manaf Al-Okaily ◽  
Mohd Shaari Abd Rahman ◽  
Azwadi Ali
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Payment Systems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Facilitating Conditions ◽  
New Variables ◽  
Moderating Role

Nowadays, the smartphone applications play a critical role in every aspect of our life, as in the case of Jordan Mobile Payment (JoMoPay) system that can be used to save time, effort and money. Despite the immense benefits of JoMoPay system services, their acceptance by users in Jordan is very low. Moreover, the related issues of JoMoPay system has not been addressed substantially in the Jordanian context. In this respect, the research model proposed in this paper seeks to synthesize the extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model variables namely; Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Social Influence (SI), Peer Influence (PI), Facilitating Conditions (FC), Hedonic Motivation (HM), Price Value (PV) and Habit (HT) as immediate predictors of intentions of users to accept JoMoPay system. In addition, to join new variables namely; Trust (TR) as the moderating effect among them.

scholarly journals Local awareness of and attitudes towards the pygmy hippopotamusChoeropsis liberiensisin the Moa River Island Complex, Sierra Leone

Oryx ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
April L. Conway ◽  
Sonia M. Hernandez ◽  
John P. Carroll ◽  
Gary T. Green ◽  
Lincoln Larson
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Local Support ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Local Awareness

AbstractThe pygmy hippopotamusChoeropsis liberiensisis an Endangered species found only in the Upper Guinea rainforests of West Africa. Using a two-phase approach, with initial semi-structured interviews followed by more extensive questionnaires, we examined local residents' awareness of and attitudes towards the pygmy hippopotamus along the Moa River near Tiwai Island Wildlife Sanctuary in Sierra Leone. The interviews and questionnaires addressed human–hippopotamus interactions, local knowledge and awareness of pygmy hippopotamus ecology and behaviour, and public attitudes towards hippopotamus conservation. Overall, 22% of questionnaire respondents acknowledged benefits related to hippopotamus conservation; factors affecting the perception of benefits included age, livestock ownership, distance from Tiwai Island and exposure to conservation programmes. The results of this study could be used to inform the conservation of the pygmy hippopotamus and highlight the critical role of local support in the management of threatened species in biodiversity hotspots.

The Role of the SLP in Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening and Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Philofsky
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Critical Components

AbstractRecent prevalence estimates for autism have been alarming as a function of the notable increase. Speech-language pathologists play a critical role in screening, assessment and intervention for children with autism. This article reviews signs that may be indicative of autism at different stages of language development, and discusses the importance of several psychometric properties—sensitivity and specificity—in utilizing screening measures for children with autism. Critical components of assessment for children with autism are reviewed. This article concludes with examples of intervention targets for children with ASD at various levels of language development.

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