scholarly journals SERGANČIŲJŲ VALGYMO SUTRIKIMAIS ASMENYBĖS KONSTRUKTAI

Psichologija ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 74-84
Author(s):  
A. Pačešiūnaitė ◽  
D. Čekuolienė
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Repertory Grid ◽  
The Self ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Personal Constructs ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Siekiant išsiaiškinti sergančiųjų valgymo sutrikimais asmenybės konstruktų sistemos ypatumus, naudojant SELF-GRID repertuarinę gardelę buvo ištirta dešimt merginų, sergančių nervine anoreksija, dešimt nervine bulimija ir dvidešimt sveikų merginų (kontrolinė grupė). Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad sergančių valgymo sutrikimais merginų asmenybės konstruktų sistemos yra mažiau kognityviškai sudėtingos, naudojama mažiau skirtingų vertinimo parametrų įvairiems įvykiams aplinkoje paaiškinti, palyginti su kontrolinės grupės tiriamosiomis. Reikšmingiausių konstruktų analizė atskleidė, kad vienas svarbiausių valgymo sutrikimų grupės konstruktų yra „siekiantis tikslo“. Priešingai ankstesnių tyrimų rezultatams, tarp sergančiųjų valgymo sutrikimais pagrindinių asmenybės konstruktų nė karto nebuvo paminėti konstruktai, susiję su svoriu, kūno išvaizda ar maistu. Valgymo sutrikimais sergančiųjų asmenybės konstruktai, pasitelkus repertuarinę gardelę, Lietuvoje buvo analizuojami pirmą kartą.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: asmenybės konstruktai, valgymo sutrikimai.Personal constructs of patients with eatingdisordersPačešiūnaitė A., Čekuolienė D. SummaryObjective. To examine the personal constructs system in female patients with eating disorders.Method. All subjects were invited to take part in a semi-structured interview which included completion of a type of repertory grid known as SELF-GRID. The SELF-GRID was chosen as specifically suited to this study having been devised by E. Button (1993) with the aim of exploring personal constructs of patients with eating disorders. In this study, a repertory grid of 11 elements (five versions of oneself and six elements of other people) was presented to 20 female subjects suffering from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, and 20 matched control subjects.Results. The main difference between the two groups was found to be the greater tendency of patients with eating disorders to construe in a narrow “tight construing” manner utilising less multidimensional personal constructs than the control group. This means that these patients with eating disorders were less cognitively complex than the control subjects. On the total percentage of variance contributed by the first three principal components, there was a significant difference (eating disorder group 83.12 %; control group 78.24 %; t = 2.465; p < 0. 05). The use of narrower systems of personal constructs provides fewer alternatives for construing oneself and other people. Such a constriction of alternatives might arise from a desire for greater predictability and control. In this situation, people with more multidimensional constructs can be a source of danger to the narrower system of personal constructs, as they might challenge and invalidate these constructs. This may explain why patients with eating disorders can gradually withdraw from socialising. The content of constructs was also analysed. Surprisingly, no central constructs related to weight, eating or appearance were found. The further detailed work is needed to understand this finding, as this might reflect the denial of the problem or, on the contrary, indicate that disturbed eating is just a manifestation of other underlying problems such as restricted negative emotionality, perfectionism, and high levels of achievement. Results of this study provide some evidence of a shared underlying problem, “goal orientation” being the consistent strong main theme of the personal constructs of patients with eating disorders. Patients with eating disorders usually focus narrowly on getting thinner, perhaps in the naïve hope that this will solve their underlying problems.The number of constructs elicited by the SELF-GRID was compared between the groups, and there was no significant difference. Neither was there a significant difference between eating disorder and control groups in the measures of positivity / negativity of construing.Conclusions. The personal construct systems of patients with eating disorders were less cognitively complex as compared with control subjects, although there was no difference in the number of elicited constructs. The main topic of the personal constructs of patients with eating disorders was “goal orientation”.Keywords: personal constructs, eating disorders.

scholarly journals Presence of different forms of compensatory behaviours among eating disordered patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 328-332
Author(s):  
Olga Kontic ◽  
Nadja Vasiljevic ◽  
Jagoda Jorga ◽  
Miroslava Jasovic-Gasic ◽  
Aneta Lakic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Excessive Exercise ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
24 Hour Recall ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction Eating disorders indicate unhealthy habits in nutrition and/or behaviour in the feeding and maintaining of body weight. The main characteristic of these diseases is changed behaviour in nutrition, either as an intentional restriction of food, namely extreme dieting or overeating, i.e. binge eating. Extreme dieting, skipping meals, self-induced vomiting, excessive exercise, and misuse of laxatives and diuretics for the purpose of maintaining or reducing body weight are the forms of compensatory behaviour. Objective The purpose of the present research was to determine the presence of different inappropriate compensatory behaviours among eating disordered patients. Methods The experimental group included 35 female eating disordered patients of 23.02?}3.46 years on average, with anorexia or bulimia nervosa. The control group consisted of 70 girls aged 23.1?}3.0 years on average. Each participant completed a '24-hour Recall Questionnaire' and the 'Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale'. Results A high statistically significant difference existed in the presence of all compensatory behaviours in the experimental and control group, regarding vomiting (?2=40.6; p<0.001), misuse of laxatives and diuretics (?2=33.7; p<0.001), extreme dieting (?2=23.4; p<0.001) and excessive exercising (?2=27.1; p<0.001). Conclusion Eating disordered patients showed a significantly higher incidence of all evaluated forms of compensatory behaviour in comparison with the control group. This report confirms the presence of specific symptomatology of anorexia and bulimia patients. .

Thyroid Nodules in Patients with Acromegaly: Frequency According to the ACR TI-RADS Classification and its Relationship with Disease Activity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Can ◽  
Muhammet Kocabaş ◽  
Melia Karakose ◽  
Hatice Caliskan Burgucu ◽  
Zeliha Yarar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstract Purpose: In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of thyroid nodules in patients with acromegaly according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classification and its relationship with acromegaly disease activity. Methods: A total of 56 patients with acromegaly and age, sex, and body mass index matched with 56 healthy control subjects were included in our study. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody levels of patients and control subjects were measured. In addition, patients and healthy controls were evaluated by ultrasonography to determine thyroid structure, thyroid volume, and thyroid nodules and to make ACR TI-RADS classification. Results: Thyroid nodules were present in 31 (55.4%) of 56 patients in the acromegaly group and 20 (35.7%) of 56 subjects in the control group, and the frequency of thyroid nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.038). The mean number of nodules in the acromegaly group and control group was 1.27±1.43 and 0.48±0.73, respectively, and the mean number of nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.003). The number of patients with TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules in the acromegaly group was higher than the control group (p=0.026, p=0.049, p=0.007, respectively). No difference was found in terms of cytological findings between those who have undergone FNAB in the acromegaly group and control group. Conclusion: In our study, we found that the frequency of thyroid nodules, the number of thyroid nodules, and the number of TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules increased in patients with acromegaly. There was no significant difference between acromegaly disease activity and thyroid nodule frequency, number of thyroid nodules, and TI-RADS classifications.

scholarly journals Comparison of Shoplifting Behaviours in Patients with Eating Disorders, Psychiatric Control Subjects, and Undergraduate Control Subjects

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot M Goldner ◽  
Josie Geller ◽  
C Laird Birmingham ◽  
Ronald A Remick
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptomatology ◽  
The Relationship

Shoplifting behaviours were examined in an eating disorder group (EDG, n = 48), a psychiatric control group (PCG, n = 46), and an undergraduate control group (UCG, n = 82). They were examined in relation to self-esteem, depression, and eating disorder symptomatology. The 3 groups did not differ in overall history of shoplifting, but EDG women were more likely to have shoplifted in the past 6 months (current shoplifting) and to have shoplifted often than were women from the PCG or UCG. Across all 3 groups, current shoplifting was associated with low self-esteem, elevated depression, and purging behaviours at the time of the assessment. The implications of these findings with regard to the relationship between shoplifting and eating disorder symptomatology will be addressed.

scholarly journals Influence of long term stress exposure on somatisation symptoms outcome

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Sabaheta Hasić ◽  
Emina Kiseljaković ◽  
Radivoj Jadrić ◽  
Belma Zečević ◽  
Nešina Avdagić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
War Stress ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
And Control

Long term stress exposure results in somatisation symptoms appearance. Cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and muscle-bone symptoms arise because of intensified activity of autonomic nervous system caused by chronic stress. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between long term war stress exposure and appearance of somatisation. 40 students of health-care faculties in Sarajevo, of both sexes, were included in investigation and divided in two groups-somatisation and control. Somatisation group subjects (N=20) lived in B&H under war conditions, from 1992-1995. Control subjects (N=20) spent the same period outside B&H. For evaluation of somatisation symptoms we used SCL-90-R test. The obtained data were statistically evaluated using Student’s t-test and χ2 test. Confidence level was set at ρ < 0,05. Our results showed statistically significant difference in somatisation level between somatisation and control subjects group. Different intensity of appearance of certain symptoms in male and female was established. The score of somatisation dimension between somatisation and control group showed statistically significant level (p < 0,0001). Study results confirmed correlation of chronic stress exposure (living in war environment) and somatisation symptom appearance. Individual organic systems had various level of symptom expression. The influence of sex on intensity of individual symptoms of somatisation is possible.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of the Self-differentiation Training Based on the Bowen Theory on Marital Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-340
Author(s):  
Mina Mohammadi ◽  
◽  
Seyedeh Zahra Alibakhshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Married Women ◽  
The Self ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bowen Theory ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Self Differentiation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Marital satisfaction is a basis of other social organization health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the self-differentiation training based on the Bowen Theory to increase marital satisfaction. Methods: The research method was semi-experimental and the pre-test-posttest design with the control group. In this intervention, the population of this study was selected by the convenience sampling method and 38 married women were randomly assigned to the experimental (n= 12) and control (n= 12) groups in Tehran in 2018. The Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI) and Marital Satisfaction Inventory (MSI) were completed by married women. The control group received no training. The intervention included 10 sessions of self-differentiation training based on the Bowen theory. Twelve women participated in this semi-experimental project selected by convenience sampling as an experimental group and twelve women as a control group. The brief couple-based therapy was taught in 10 sessions based on techniques of Bowen therapy and four components of differentiation. The data were analyzed by SPSS v. 23 software. Results: There was a significant difference between the post-test scores of the experimental and control groups. In addition, training based on the DST approach could significantly increase marital satisfaction (t= 21.62, df= 22, P<0.001). Conclusion: The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental group. Therefore, the training could significantly increase the self-differentiation of married women. These findings can be used to design interventional programs to improve conflict, adaptation, intimacy, and marital satisfaction of the couples.

The comparison of total capacity antioxidant in the serum of people with pterygium and control subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Heydari Behrooz ◽  
◽  
Zarban Asghar ◽  
Hosseini Rad Abbas ◽  
Feizmohammadi Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

AIM: To investigate the comparison of total antioxidant capacity in the serum of patients with pterygium and control subjects. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted on all persons referred to Ophthalmology Clinic of teaching Hospital of Vali-Asr (peace upon to him) with clinical symptoms of pterygium during the year 2016. The control group was selected among patients referred to the Ophthalmology Clinic of Vali-Asr (peace without pterygium) that the two groups were matched in terms of age, gender and place of residence. Sixty-six persons [31 people (47%) in patient group and 35 people (53%) in the control group] were enrolled by convenience sampling. Venous blood sample was taken from all patients after the sampling using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); FRAP- as a quick 10min measurement, the antioxidant power measurement of samples according to the conversion of ferric iron (Fe3+) to ferrous iron (Fe2+) was checked. The collected data ware entered to software SPSS 21 and were analyzed by chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests at the level of α =0.05. RESULTS: The mean of antioxidant capacity in patients was 842/55±161/46 μmol/L and antioxidant capacity in healthy controls was 856/77±209/41 μmol/L (P=0.8). In the comparison of mean serum antioxidant capacity in healthy individuals and in the serum of people with pterygium based on gender the results showed that the antioxidant capacity mean in male control subjects has been 894/05± 176/82 μmol/L and in females control 780/01±118/33 μmol/L that the observed difference have been reported statistically significant (P=0.008) but the other comparison according the gender between cases and control does not show any significant difference. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that the full level of serum antioxidant capacity in patients has been less than the mean of antioxidant capacity in control subjects; however, the observed difference has not been significant. The results of this study were consistent with basic results carried out on the damaging effects of oxidative stress in the pterygium pathogenesis. Recommending diet with minerals and vitamins containing antioxidants may be preventing the onset and progression of pterygium.

Roller Massage: Difference in Knee Joint Range of Motion and Pain Perception Among Experienced and Nonexperienced Individuals After Following a Prescribed Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott W. Cheatham ◽  
Kyle R. Stull
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
The Self ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Joint Range ◽  
And Control

Context: Roller massage (RM) is a popular myofascial intervention. To date, no research has investigated the effects of RM on experienced and nonexperienced individuals and if there are differences between a prescribed RM program and a self-preferred program. Objective: The main objective was to measure the effects of a prescribed RM program with a foam roller on knee passive range of motion (ROM) and pressure pain threshold (PPT) among experienced and nonexperienced individuals. A secondary objective was to determine if there are differences between a prescribed RM program and a self-preferred program in experienced individuals. Design: Pretest and posttest observational study. Setting: University kinesiology laboratory. Participants: A total of 60 healthy adults (age = 26 [5.3] y) were allocated into 3 groups of 20 subjects: experienced, nonexperienced, and control. The experienced and nonexperienced groups followed a prescribed 2-minute RM intervention. The control group did their own 2-minute self-preferred program. Main Outcome Measures: Knee passive ROM and PPT. Results: For the experienced and nonexperienced, the between-group analysis revealed a statistically significant difference for ROM and PPT (P < .001). Within-group analysis revealed a posttest knee passive ROM increase of 8° for experienced and 7° for the nonexperienced. For PPT, there was a posttest increase of 180 kPa for the experienced and 169 kPa for the nonexperienced. For the prescribed versus self-preferred program, the between-group analysis (experienced vs control) revealed a statistically significant difference (P < .001). The within-group analysis revealed a posttest knee passive ROM increase of 8° for the prescribed and 5° for the self-preferred program. For PPT, there was a posttest increase of 180 kPa for the prescribed program and 137 kPa for the self-preferred program. Conclusion: These findings suggest that experienced and nonexperienced individuals have similar responses to a prescribed RM program. A prescribed RM program may produce better outcomes than a self-preferred program.

Sydenham Chorea: Putaminal Enlargement

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Zeynep Selen Karalok ◽  
Zeynep Öztürk ◽  
Altan Gunes ◽  
Esra Gurkas
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Quantitative Mri ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rapid Acquisition ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Volumetric Assessment ◽  
Sydenham Chorea ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Basal Ganglia Structures ◽  
And Control

Background: Our aim in this study was to evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in the detection of brain regions effected by Sydenham chorea and to determine whether they provided data regarding the pathogenesis of Sydenham chorea. To this end, we assessed basal ganglia structures in Sydenham chorea patients and control group by quantitative MRI volumetric analysis. Methods: Patients with a recent onset of chorea and control subjects matched for age and gender were included in the study. Medical history, laboratory tests, and physical and neurologic examinations were reviewed. All MRIs were considered within normal limits. High-resolution T1-weighted 3D magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition of gradient echo scans were used for quantitative volumetric assessment of the brain via the “volBrain” method. Results: Twenty-four subjects with Sydenham chorea (16 girls and 8 boys, aged between 7 and 16 years) and 35 control subjects were evaluated. Mean age was 11.25 ± 2.89 years for Sydenham chorea patients and 10.58 ± 2.53 years for the controls. No significant difference was found relative to globus pallidus, caudate, and thalamic volumes between patients with Sydenham chorea and controls. The relative mean total, left, and right putamen volumes were significantly larger in patients with Sydenham chorea compared to controls ( P = .003, P = .018, P = .001, respectively). Conclusion: Selective neuroanatomic differences in putamen among other basal ganglia structures and significant increases in size are consistent with a hypothesis of a cross-reactive antibody-mediated inflammation of the putamen as being the pathophysiologic mechanism for this disorder.

Association between -174 G/C polymorphism of interleukin-6 gene and alcoholism

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Šerý ◽  
Renáta Hladilová ◽  
Miroslav Novotný ◽  
Hana Hríbková ◽  
Vladimír Znojil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
First Finding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives:IL-6 plays the role as a physiological neuromodulator involved in dopaminergic, serotonergic and other neurotransmissions. The aim of the present association study was to examine the effect of the G/C -174 polymorphism of the IL-6 gene on disposition to alcoholism.Methods:We investigated the relationship between the G/C -174 polymorphism of the IL-6 gene and alcohol dependence in 281 alcoholics and 242 control subjects.Results:The significant difference in G allele frequency between alcoholic group (0.52) and control group (0.59) was found (P < 0.03).Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first finding providing evidence for an association between alcoholism and the polymorphism of the IL-6 gene. The background of the relationship between the IL-6 gene and alcoholism is discussed.

scholarly journals Resilience Intervention to Strengthen Self-Regulation in Adolescent Students with Hearing Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-98
Author(s):  
Narges Adibsereshki ◽  
Nikta Hatamizadeh ◽  
Anoshirvan Kazemnejad ◽  
Firoozeh Sajedi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Self ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Adolescent Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resilience Intervention ◽  
And Control

Background: The importance of strong self-regulation (SR) abilities for academic and social success is known, yet relatively few studies examine students’ SR and how it can be promoted especially in adolescents with special needs, such as those students with hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a resilience intervention program enhances SR in adolescents with hearing loss. Methods: This study was experimental with a pre-test, post-test, follow up and control group design. Participants included 122 students with hearing loss in mainstream settings randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (61 students in each group). The interventional group had training for six weeks (two times per week for 75 min). The Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory was used to measure the self-regulation of students. Results: The results indicated a significant difference between the control and interventional groups in SR, short SR, and Long SR after the intervention, at both the 6-week and 14-week measurements (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study’s findings indicate that implementing resilience intervention programs can promote the self-regulation skills in adolescent students with hearing loss.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document