scholarly journals Diagnosis and treatments for oropharyngeal dysphagia: effects of capsaicin evaluated by newly developed ultrasonographic method

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (0) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Rui Nakato ◽  
Noriaki Manabe ◽  
Kozo Hanayama ◽  
Hiroaki Kusunoki ◽  
Jiro Hata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

Lingual Strengthening: Success in an Outpatient Setting

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74
Author(s):  
Ali Meier
Keyword(s):  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Patient Discharge ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Oral Performance ◽  
Exercise Protocol ◽  
Anterior Position ◽  
Tongue Position ◽  
Bolus Propulsion ◽  
Posterior Position

In the last decade or more, dysphagia research has investigated the effect of lingual strengthening on oropharyngeal dysphagia with promising results. Much of this research has utilized strengthening devices such as the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) or the Madison Oral Strengthening Therapeutic (MOST) Device. Patients are often given a device to use, and are able to complete an exercise protocol daily or multiple times per day. This case study was completed to determine the effectiveness of using the IOPI in an outpatient clinic where therapy was conducted two to three times per week. The patient was seen post tongue resection due to oropharyngeal cancer. From initiation of IOPI use to patient discharge, the patient demonstrated a 71% increase in lingual strength at the anterior position, a 61% increase at the posterior position, and a 314% increase at the base of tongue position. His diet advanced from NPO to general based on gains in lingual strength and bolus propulsion.

Research Consumerism 101: Evaluating External Evidence of Treatment Effectiveness

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
James L. Coyle
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Professional Services ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Professional Judgment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Intervention Selection ◽  
Published Research

Abstract The modern clinician is a research consumer. Rehabilitation of oropharyngeal impairments, and prevention of the adverse outcomes of dysphagia, requires the clinician to select interventions for which evidence of a reasonable likelihood of a successful, important outcome exists. The purpose of this paper is to provide strategies for evaluation of published research regarding treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia. This article utilizes tutorial and examples to inform and educate practitioners in methods of appraising published research. It provides and encourages the use of methods of efficiently evaluating the validity and clinical importance of published research. Additionally, it discusses the importance of the ethical obligation we, as practitioners, have to use evidence-based treatment selection methods and measurement of patient performance during therapy. The reader is provided with tactics for evaluating treatment studies to establish a study's validity and, thereby, objectively select interventions. The importance of avoiding subjective or unsubstantiated claims and using objective methods of generating empirical clinical evidence is emphasized. The ability to evaluate the quality of research provides clinicians with objective intervention selection as an important, essential component of evidence-based clinical practice. ASHA Code of Ethics (2003): Principle I, Rule F: “Individuals shall fully inform the persons they serve of the nature and possible effects of services rendered and products dispensed…” (p. 2) Principle I, Rule G: “Individuals shall evaluate the effectiveness of services rendered and of products dispensed and shall provide services or dispense products only when benefit can reasonably be expected.” (p. 2) Principle IV, Rule G: “Individuals shall not provide professional services without exercising independent professional judgment, regardless of referral source or prescription.” (p. 4)

Hearing and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Young Infants with Parechovirus-A and Enterovirus Meningitis: Cohort Study in Singapore Children and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elis Yuexian Lee ◽  
Jessica Hui Yin Tan ◽  
Chew Thye Choong ◽  
Nancy Wen Sim Tee ◽  
Chia Yin Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Developmental Outcomes ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cortical Blindness ◽  
Speech Delay ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽  
Young Infants

Abstract Parechovirus-A (PeV-A) and Enterovirus (EV) commonly cause childhood aseptic meningitis. Bacterial meningitis in children has been associated with devastating long-term sequelae. However, developmental outcomes are unclear in Parechovirus meningitis. This study aims to review the clinical findings and developmental outcomes of infants with PeV-A and EV meningitis. We performed a retrospective study of infants aged 90 days or younger being admitted to our hospital with PeV-A meningitis between November 2015 and July 2017, with positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) PeV-A PCR and negative blood and CSF bacterial cultures. Hearing and neurodevelopmental outcomes were compared with a previous cohort of infants aged 90 days or younger with EV meningitis admitted from January 2015 to December 2015. A total of 161 infants were included in our study, of which 68 infants (42.2%) had PeV-A meningitis and 93 infants (57.8%) had EV meningitis. We assessed their developmental outcome at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years post-meningitis. At 2 years post-meningitis, three infants with PeV-A meningitis had developmental delay (5.5%), whereas none with EV meningitis had developmental delay. One patient had speech delay and autism spectrum disorder, while two had mild speech delay. When compared with our cohort of EV meningitis ≤90 days old, children with PeV-A meningitis ≤90 days old were more likely to have developmental delay 2 years post-meningitis (odds ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 2.0–3.0, p = 0.043). None of the patients with PeV-A or EV meningitis had sensorineural hearing loss or neurological sequelae, such as cortical blindness, oropharyngeal dysphagia, hydrocephalus, epilepsy, or cerebral palsy. Infants with PeV-A meningitis had a significant risk of developmental delay 2 years post-meningitis compared with those with EV meningitis. It is important to follow-up the developmental milestones of infants diagnosed with PeV-A meningitis for at least 2 years; and when they develop developmental delay, to ensure that they receive appropriate intervention.

Observation of the Pattern of Oral Reflux in Two Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia.

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 445-452
Author(s):  
Sachiyo Hamakawa ◽  
Chieko Kouda ◽  
Hirohito Umeno ◽  
Yoshikazu Yoshida ◽  
Tadashi Nakashima
Keyword(s):  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

The New Geriatric Syndromes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Animesh Gupta ◽  
Soumya K. Inamadar ◽  
Ashish Goel
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Social Deficits ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Geriatric syndromes consist of common clinical conditions affecting the elderly population. They lead to multiple, interacting medical and social deficits that increase the risk of adverse health outcomes, including dependence, institutionalization and also death. Research over the last few decades, in this area of medicine, has led to evolution of newer syndromes that pose a greater challenge to the physician. The present review aims to provide a synopsis of some of the newer syndromes like frailty, osteosarcopenia, sleep disorders and oropharyngeal dysphagia that have emerged in geriatric literature in recent times.

scholarly journals Effect of Aging, Gender and Sensory Stimulation of TRPV1 Receptors with Capsaicin on Spontaneous Swallowing Frequency in Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Proof-of-Concept Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 461
Author(s):  
Weslania Nascimento ◽  
Noemí Tomsen ◽  
Saray Acedo ◽  
Cristina Campos-Alcantara ◽  
Christopher Cabib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Brainstem Reflex ◽  
Trpv1 Receptors ◽  
Volume Viscosity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Stimulation Of

Spontaneous swallowing contributes to airway protection and depends on the activation of brainstem reflex circuits in the central pattern generator (CPG). We studied the effect of age and gender on spontaneous swallowing frequency (SSF) in healthy volunteers and assessed basal SSF and TRPV1 stimulation effect on SSF in patients with post-stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD). The effect of age and gender on SSF was examined on 141 healthy adult volunteers (HV) divided into three groups: GI—18–39 yr, GII—40–59 yr, and GIII—>60 yr. OD was assessed by the Volume–Viscosity Swallowing Test (VVST). The effect of sensory stimulation with capsaicin 10−5 M (TRPV1 agonist) was evaluated in 17 patients with post-stroke OD, using the SSF. SSF was recorded in all participants during 10 min using surface electromyography (sEMG) of the suprahyoid muscles and an omnidirectional accelerometer placed over the cricothyroid cartilage. SSF was significantly reduced in GII (0.73 ± 0.50 swallows/min; p = 0.0385) and GIII (0.50 ± 0.31 swallows/min; p < 0.0001) compared to GI (1.03 ± 0.62 swallows/min), and there was a moderate significant correlation between age and SFF (r = −0.3810; p < 0.0001). No effect of gender on SSF was observed. Capsaicin caused a strong and significant increase in SSF after the TRPV1 stimulation when comparing to basal condition (pre-capsaicin: 0.41 ± 0.32 swallows/min vs post-capsaicin: 0.81 ± 0.51 swallow/min; p = 0.0003). OD in patients with post-stroke OD and acute stimulation with TRPV1 agonists caused a significant increase in SSF, further suggesting the potential role of pharmacological stimulation of sensory pathways as a therapeutic strategy for CPG activation in patients with OD.

scholarly journals Dysphagia in a Young Man

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-415
Author(s):  
Jing-Hwa Wey ◽  
Jin-Er Lee ◽  
Kwang-Hwa Chang ◽  
Yen-Nung Lin ◽  
Wen-Kuei Chung
Keyword(s):  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Optimal Outcome ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study ◽  
Laryngeal Muscles

This case report presents oropharyngeal dysphagia due to oromandibular and cervical dystonia, a rare consequence of aseptic meningitis. A 19-year-old male who was diagnosed with aseptic meningitis visited the rehabilitation outpatient clinic for a sense of foreign body in his throat and odynophagia. Repetitive involuntary movements of his facial, tongue, and laryngeal muscles accompanied by lateroanterior torticollis were observed. Videofluoroscopic swallowing study showed inefficient bolus formation due to repetitive rolling of his tongue and vallecular stasis without penetration or aspiration. Dysphagia and odynophagia had brought the patient significant weight loss and frustration. We provided swallowing training to improve the efficiency and safety of swallowing. The patient’s symptoms improved gradually along with body weight gain and emotional stability. Acute-onset oropharyngeal dysphagia is devastating for young adults. A multidisciplinary approach is mandatory for optimal outcome. We share our experience as a team work and emphasize the rehabilitation aspect.

scholarly journals Healthcare costs of post‐stroke oropharyngeal dysphagia and its complications: malnutrition and respiratory infections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Marin ◽  
Mateu Serra‐Prat ◽  
Omar Ortega ◽  
Monica Audouard Fericgla ◽  
Jordi Valls ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Post Stroke
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