scholarly journals Rehabilitation of spinal cord injury with autogenous stromal vascular fraction in dogs

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
PDS Raghuvanshi ◽  
SK Maiti ◽  
SK Tiwari ◽  
Devendra Yadav ◽  
Raju Sharda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Repeated Administration ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cord Injury

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an unexpected, traumatic event, its consequences often persist for the rest of life. The neurological deficit caused by spinal cord (SC) injury is permanent, and conservative treatment can not completely restore neurological functions in animals. Repeated autogenous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has been used to deliver MSCs, growth factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, and neurotrophin-3 at the site of injury. Methods: In the present study, six dogs presented with SCI, were routinely examined based on standard neurological examination protocol and subjected to the survey radiography. Treatment plans differed as per the presentation of the case. Stable and physically responsive patients were selected for repeated autogenous SVF therapy for rehabilitation. Results: After conservative treatment in SCI, from the second week onwards, when patient supports or able to move affected area in relation to forequarter, the patients were administered repeated autogenous SVF therapy, which restored motor function in the form of intermittent weight-bearing on fetlock and/or posture change. Significance: Spinal cord damage either partial or complete is always an ailment related to neurological deficit of the affected body parts. The repeated administration of autogenous stromal vascular fraction therapy in combination of physiotherapy significantly reverse, the effects of neurological deficit and progressively restore posture and weight bearing on the affected hind quarter in dogs.

scholarly journals Treatment of chronic acromioclavicular joint dislocation in a paraplegic patient with the Weaver-Dunn procedure and a hook-plate

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Godry ◽  
Mustafa Citak ◽  
Matthias Königshausen ◽  
Thomas A. Schildhauer ◽  
Dominik Seybold
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Hook Plate ◽  
Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation ◽  
Ac Joint ◽  
Joint Dislocation ◽  
Ac Joint Dislocation ◽  
Cord Injury

Abstract In case of patients with spinal cord injury and concomitant acromioclavicular (AC) jointdislocation the treatment is challenging, as in this special patient group the function of the shoulder joint is critical because patients depend on the upper limb for mobilization and wheelchair-locomotion. Therefore the goal of this study was to examine, if the treatment of chronic AC-joint dislocation using the Weaver- Dunn procedure augmented with a hook-plate in patients with a spinal cord injury makes early postoperative wheelchair mobilization and the wheelchair transfer with full weightbearing possible. In this case the Weaver- Dunn procedure with an additive hook-plate was performed in a 34-year-old male patient with a complete paraplegia and a posttraumatic chronic AC-joint dislocation. The patient was allowed to perform his wheelchair transfers with full weight bearing on the first postoperative day. The removal of the hook-plate was performed four months after implantation. At the time of follow-up the patient could use his operated shoulder with full range of motion without restrictions in his activities of daily living or his wheel-chair transfers.

scholarly journals THORACOLUMBAR SPINAL ARTHRODESIS - EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COSTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55
Author(s):  
TOBIAS LUDWIG DO NASCIMENTO ◽  
LUIZ PEDRO WILLIMANN ROGÉRIO ◽  
MARCELO MARTINS DOS REIS ◽  
LEANDRO PELEGRINI DE ALMEIDA ◽  
GUILHERME FINGER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Thoracolumbar Spine ◽  
Hospital Costs ◽  
Spine Fracture ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Fall From Height

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the epidemiology of patients with thoracolumbar spine fracture submitted to surgery at Hospital Cristo Redentor and the related costs. Methods: Prospective epidemiological study between July 2014 and August 2015 of patients with thoracolumbar spine fracture with indication of surgery. The variables analyzed were sex, age, cost of hospitalization, fractured levels, levels of arthrodesis, surgical site infection, UTI or BCP, spinal cord injury, etiology, length of stay, procedure time, and visual analog scale (VAS) . Results: Thirty-two patients were evaluated in the study period, with a mean age of 38.68 years. Male-female ratio was 4:1 and the most frequent causes were fall from height (46.87%) and traffic accidents (46.87%). The thoracolumbar transition was the most affected (40.62%), with L1 vertebra involved in 23.8% of the time. Neurological deficit was present in 40.62% of patients. Hospital stay had a median of 14 days and patients with neurological deficit were hospitalized for a longer period (p<0.001), with an increase in hospital costs (p= 0.015). The average cost of hospitalization was U$2,874.80. The presence of BCP increased the cost of hospitalization, and patients with spinal cord injury had more BCP (p= 0.014) . Conclusion: Public policies with an emphasis on reducing traffic accidents and falls can help reduce the incidence of these injuries and studies focusing on hospital costs and rehabilitation need to be conducted in Brazil to determinate the burden of spinal trauma and spinal cord injury.

scholarly journals Adipose tissue derived stromal vascular fraction transplantation can recover spinal cord injury in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (04) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hau Thi-My Lam ◽  
Minh Nguyen-Thu Tran ◽  
Khoa Anh Bui ◽  
Thao Thi-Thu Le ◽  
Khanh Hong-Thien Bui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Paracrine Factors ◽  
Diabetic Ulcer ◽  
Motor Test ◽  
Cord Injury

Introduction: Stem cell therapy is one of the most promising therapies for degenerative diseases and related injuries. Adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) exhibit some particular properties such as high production of paracrine factors. Indeed, ADSCs have been successfully used to treat diseases, including osteoarthritis, diabetic ulcer, etc. Methods: In this study, ADSCs were used to treat spinal cord injury (SCI) in a mouse model. Non-expanded ADSCs, from stromal vascular fractions (SVFs) isolated from both autologous and allogeneic adipose tissues, were injected into injured sites of mice at a specified dose. The SCI mouse model were generated by transection of spinal cord at vertebrae T8 - T10. After 1 week of transection, mice exhibiting completed SCI were divided into 4 groups: group 1 was control (mice without any treatment), group 2 was placebo (mice treated with platelet rich plasma (PRP)), group 3 was allogeneic SVF transplantation (mice treated with allogeneic SVFs), and group 4 was autologous SVF transplantation (mice treated with autologous SVFs). For the treatment groups, mice were transplanted with 20 µL of activated PRP or/and with 106 cells of SVF (allogeneic or autologous) into the injured position through laminectomy. The recovery of SCI was evaluated by locomotor test, sensory test and sensory-motor test at 5 weeks after transplantation. The histology of the spinal cord also was checked after 5 weeks. Results: The results showed that in all groups with PRP injected with or without SVFs, the inflammation was efficiently controlled. The glial scar as well as myelin defragmentation were clearly reduced. However, a significant improvement of BBB score was only recorded in mice transplanted with autologous SVFs. Conclusion: The results of our study show that autologous SVF transplantation in combination with PRP can be a promising therapy for SCI.

scholarly journals Is the Recovery of Stepping Following Spinal Cord Injury Mediated by Modifying Existing Neural Pathways or by Generating New Pathways? A Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 1904-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray D de Leon ◽  
Roland R Roy ◽  
V Reggie Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Injury ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Neuronal Regeneration ◽  
Locomotor Recovery ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Descending Input

Abstract The recovery of stepping ability following a spinal cord injury may be achieved by restoring anatomical connectivity within the spinal cord. However, studies of locomotor recovery in animals with complete spinal cord transection suggest that the adult mammalian spinal cord can acquire the ability to generate stepping after all descending input is eliminated and in the absence of neuronal regeneration. Moreover, rehabilitative gait training has been shown to play a crucial role in teaching existing spinal pathways to generate locomotion and appropriately respond to sensory feedback. This brief review presents evidence that neural networks in the mammalian spinal cord can be modulated pharmacologically and/or with task-specific behavioral training to generate weight-bearing stepping after a spinal injury. Further, the role that spinal learning can play in the management of humans with spinal cord injury is discussed in relation to interventions that are designed primarily to enhance neuronal regeneration.

scholarly journals Emerging Exosomes and Exosomal MiRNAs in Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Feng ◽  
Yifan Zhang ◽  
Zhihan Zhu ◽  
Chenyang Gu ◽  
Ahmed Waqas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Layer Membrane ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Intracellular Mediators

Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious traumatic event to the spinal cord with considerable morbidity and mortality. This injury leads to short- and long-term variations in the spinal cord, and can have a serious effect on the patient’s sensory, motor, or autonomic functions. Due to the complicated pathological process of SCI, there is currently no successful clinical treatment strategy. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles (EVs) with a double-layer membrane structure of 30–150 nm diameter, have recently been considered as critical mediators for communication between cells and tissues by transferring proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Further studies verified that exosomes participate in the pathophysiological process of several diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases, and could have a significant impact in their treatment. As natural carriers of biologically active cargos, exosomes have emerged as pathological mediators of SCI. In this review article, we critically discuss the functions of exosomes as intracellular mediators and potential treatments in SCI and provide an outlook on future research.

scholarly journals Intramedullary stabbing spinal cord injury: Perioperative optimized management for a successful surgical outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Martínez-Soler, ◽  
Pablo Martínez-Soler ◽  
 Juan F Martínez Canca
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Perioperative Management ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Accident And Emergency Department

We present a rare case of fully penetrating spinal cord injury in an 8-year-old girl who accidentally stabbed herself with a crochet needle at L4-L5 level. She presented to the local Accident and Emergency Department without neurological deficit. This is the full account of her perioperative management resulting in total neurological preservation.

scholarly journals Upper Extremity Overuse Injuries and Obesity After Spinal Cord Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Jose R. Vives Alvarado ◽  
Elizabeth R. Felix ◽  
David R. Gater
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Overuse Injuries ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Preserve Function ◽  
The Relationship

Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at high risk for developing neurogenic obesity due to muscle paralysis and obligatory sarcopenia, sympathetic blunting, anabolic deficiency, and blunted satiety. Persons with SCI are also at high risk for shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand injuries, including neuromusculoskeletal pathologies and nociceptive pain, as human upper extremities are poorly designed to facilitate chronic weight-bearing activities, including manual wheelchair propulsion, transfers, self-care, and day-to-day activities. This article reviews current literature on the relationship between obesity and increased body weight with upper extremity overuse injuries, detailing pathology at the shoulders, elbows, and wrists that elicit pain and functional decline and stressing the importance of weight management to preserve function.

scholarly journals Ventricular arrhythmia during rehabilitation of cervical spinal cord injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (Vol.11, no.3) ◽  
pp. 344-349
Author(s):  
Gabriel GUSETU ◽  
Angelo BULBOACĂ ◽  
Monica Alina MAGER ◽  
Gabriel CISMARU ◽  
Alexandra Ina BULBOACĂ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
One Year

Patients with cervical spinal cord injury have a high incidence of cardiac arrhythmias, especially in the first 14 to 30 days after traumatic event (acute phase). Electrophysiological abnormalities described in the acute phase are most often bradycardia, which is spontaneous or triggered by various stimuli. In the chronic phase, varied arrhythmias are described, but ventricular arrhythmias as a result of autonomic dysregulation in chronic SCI are rare and isolated. We present the case of a patient with a C5-C6 incomplete spinal cord injury (ASIA-B grade) in which symptomatic ventricular arrhythmia is described one year after the traumatic event.

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