Optimal Time for Capillary Blood Glucose Monitoring in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Insulin: A Cross-Sectional Observation Study

Background: Diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions globally. India has largest number of diabetic population constituting major proportion worldwide. The epidemic of diabetes in India is due to the rapid epidemiological transition attributed to changes in dietary patterns and decreased physical activity apart from the role of genetic factors in the disease causation. The objectives of the study was to assess the risk factors of type 2 diabetes and to find the relation between risk factors of type 2 diabetes and fasting capillary blood glucose level among the study population.Methods: A cross sectional community based study was carried out using a semi structured, pretested, questionnaire among 432 study subjects aged 30 years and above in a randomly selected sahoorpur village under Fatehpur Beri primary health centre. The study duration was from March 2011 to February 2012. Means and proportions were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was applied. Results: The mean (SD) age of the study population was 45 (±11.9) years. Positive family history of Diabetes was present in 14.4% of study population. History of smoking and alcohol was found in 37.5% and 8.3% respectively. Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 48.8% and 17.2% respectively. Regression showed age more than 60 years (OR 1.135, 95% CI 0.037 – 0.492), family history of diabetes (OR 4.181, 95% CI 1.734 – 10.083), higher waist circumference (OR 13.414, 95% CI 4.991 – 36.051), sedentary work (OR 3.133, 95% CI 0.032 – 0.592), obesity (OR 4.709, 95% CI 1.790 – 12.394) had higher odds of having higher fasting capillary blood glucose level. Conclusions: The study found a higher prevalence of risk factors among the study population. Risk factors showed a significant relation with higher fasting capillary blood glucose. There is a mandate for health education to motivate change in lifestyle modification among the study population.

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Imputing HbA1c from capillary blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes in Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038148 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. e038148

Author(s):

Monica Choo ◽

Gregory E. Hoy ◽

Sarah P. Dugan ◽

Laura N. McEwen ◽

Naresh Gunaratnam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Capillary Blood Glucose ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo develop a population-specific methodology for estimating glycaemic control that optimises resource allocation for patients with diabetes in rural Sri Lanka.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTrincomalee, Sri Lanka.ParticipantsPatients with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes (n=220) from three hospitals in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka.Outcome measureCross-validation was used to build and validate linear regression models to identify predictors of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Validation of models that regress HbA1c on known determinants of glycaemic control was thus the major outcome. These models were then used to devise an algorithm for categorising the patients based on estimated levels of glycaemic control.ResultsTime since last oral intake other than water and capillary blood glucose were the statistically significant predictors of HbA1c and thus included in the final models. In order to minimise type II error (misclassifying a high-risk individual as low-risk or moderate-risk), an algorithm for interpreting estimated glycaemic control was created. With this algorithm, 97.2% of the diabetic patients with HbA1c ≥9.0% were correctly identified.ConclusionsOur calibrated algorithm represents a highly sensitive approach for detecting patients with high-risk diabetes while optimising the allocation of HbA1c testing. Implementation of these methods will optimise the usage of resources devoted to the management of diabetes in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. Further external validation with diverse patient populations is required before applying our algorithm more widely.

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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Blood Glucose Monitoring in Rural Area among Diabetic Patients

International Journal of Social Sciences and Management ◽

10.3126/ijssm.v5i3.20615 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 225-230

Author(s):

Saima Shabnum ◽

Hajra Sarwar

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Glucose Monitoring ◽

Diabetic Control ◽

Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Adult Males ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Level

Background: Diabetes is main and growing health issue affecting more than 171 million peoples worldwide and the number is expected to rise to 366 million by 2030. Type 2 Diabetes will keep on accounting for 90% of all the cases. According to the WHO, Pakistan positioned seventh in pervasiveness of Diabetes. In 2011, the assessed pervasiveness of diabetes in Pakistan was generally in excess of 350 million and it is depended upon to be in excess of 550 million by year 2030. In Pakistan 9.5% of urban and 9.4% of the provincial population experience the bad effects of type 2 diabetes. Objective: The reason for this investigation was to survey learning, conduct in regards to blood glucose observing among diabetic in rural group, Lahore. Descriptive cross sectional investigation configuration was led to evaluate learning, disposition and routine with regards to blood glucose monitoring and a sample size of 100 participants was selected for this study through convenient sampling. Data was collected from the adult males and females of Husain Abad community. Result: The result show that there was low level of knowledge, somewhat positive attitudes but very low level of practices regarding the diabetic control and glucose monitoring among the participants. Conclusion: In conclusion, it is stated that this research study the knowledge of participants towards the diabetes was not good except the definition of diabetes. The attitude was comparatively positive and good for following different blood sugar controlling measures. The practices were very poor. No one was following regular exercises, dietary modifications etcetera.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 5, Issue-3: 225-230

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