scholarly journals Distribution of the Donetsk Type Beakers Among the Ingul Catacomb Culture Burials

Archaeology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Mykyta Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Donets Basin ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Burial Mound ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
The North ◽  
Azov Region ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Catacomb Culture

The prominent pottery type of the Catacomb cultures of the northern Pontic steppe in 2500—2300 BC are the beakers of the Donetsk type. Donetsk beakers can be described as globular vessels with straight neck and articulated foot. Beaker’s body is often decorated with impressions of braid that form circles or a garland. Though the majority of Donetsk beakers originate from the burials of Donetsk Catacomb culture of the Seversky Donets basin, several beakers were found to the west from the Donetsk culture area. Currently, 14 Donetsk beakers coming from the Inhul Catacomb culture are known. Mapping of the Donetsk beakers found in the burials of the Inhul Catacomb culture indicates the distribution of the Eastern vessels among all local groups of the Inhul culture such as Molochansk, the North-Crimea, the Oril-Samara, the Southern and Northern Inhul and Kryvyi Rih territorial areas. As an exception can be named the Dniester-Southern Bug group. The latter is often described in historiography as an inclusion from outer influences during the second half of the 3rd millennia and the study of beakers is supported by such a conclusion. Mapping also reveals the concentration of Donetsk beakers near Kryvyi Rih copper ore basin, which had been exploited since the second half of the 4th millennia BC. It may be assumed that the appearance of Donetsk beakers represents the migration of Donetsk culture’s metallurgists who were searching for the new sources of raw materials. The distribution of the Donetsk Catacomb culture burials, as well as Donetsk beakers, allows reconstructing two routs of migration of the Donetsk people. Some of them could have come from the South, the North-Eastern Azov region. Others could have come from the North, the territory of the Left-bank Ukraine Forest-Steppe. Distribution areas of the Donetsk and Inhul cultures collide on the line Poltava-Lozova which is attested by the materials of Storozhove, Ternivka and Petrivka burial mound. Thus, numerous examples of Donetsk beakers found inside the burials of the Inhul Catacomb culture indicate a long-running migration of the Donetsk people from the Sevesky Donets basin to the Ukrainian Right-bank steppe during the period from 2500 to 2300 BC.

scholarly journals Organizational and technological features of the use of wood raw material obtained from intermediate felling in the beech forests of the Greater Caucasus

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Яхьяев ◽  
Aydyn Yakhyaev ◽  
Абиев ◽  
Yusif Abiev
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Timber Industry ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
Chip Technology ◽  
North Eastern

In the farms of the north-eastern slope of the Greater Caucasus wood raw material obtained from intermediate felling, is not fully utilized and is not effective, due to the organizational and technical difficulties of farms. In addressing these issues in 8 directions of the region with a length of 40-50 km 14 intermediate assembly points were organized, which are intended for the collection and temporary storage of wood raw material harvested within a radius of 15-20 km of the forest. Need to establish assembly points is due to the complexity of relief items and the possibility of year-round use of the main roads of regional importance. To ensure uninterrupted timber industry and in full at the assembly point accumulated wood raw material is partially sorted. Processing of harvested wood raw material is planned for timber industry, located near the central region of the main road in the territory of Cuba town. Establishment in the area of the complex is considered justified, since the resource base in the coming years for intermediate, and later for the main use will be more than 100 thousand hectares of forests in the region. In the proposed area for the industrial complex for processing of raw wood there are all the technical and economic prerequisites. Accumulated in the assembly points wood raw material to the point of processing is transported using self-loading lumber carriers of up to 8 meters length, which is associated with a complex terrain conditions and road network in the region. This complex is planned to organize the following process areas: sawmills, parquet and packaging, small-chip technology, processing of technical greenery. In organizing the production sites size and quality characteristics and volumes of each category of harvested wood raw materials are taking into account, as well as the need for forest products in the region and the country as a whole. In the processes it is envisaged to use the most advanced modular processing of wood with the release of standard lumber, wood workpieces of different products, pulp chips, wood greens and products of its processing.

scholarly journals Early Neolithic pottery of Western Belarus: current state of research and its perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Aleh Yurjevich Tkachou
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The North ◽  
Current State ◽  
Local Variant ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

The paper discusses the Early Neolithic pottery from the Western Belarus, pottery of Dubičiai type. The set of its most distinctive features includes organic temper in clay mass, a belt of deep round pits under a rim edge, strokes by round stick (hoofs), slantwise thin grooved lines or slantwise net ornament of such lines. Hypotheses on the origin of Dubičiai type pottery are under discussion as well. According to many scholars, the area of occurrence of Dubičiai type pottery includes Belarusian part of the River Neman region (except the River Viliya basin), the left-bank of the upper Prypiat River basin, the southern Lithuania, the part of the north-eastern Poland, and the northern part of Volhynia. At the same time D.Ya. Telegin, E.N. Titova, G.V. Okhrimenko distinguish the Volhynian culture in the region of the same name. It has many traits analogous to the Prypiat-Neman culture. The scale of differences between the Early Neolithic pottery from Western Polesia and Volhynia and Dubičiai type pottery from the River Neman region allows considering the Volhynian culture as not a separate culture but as a local variant of the Neman culture. Sokołwek type pottery has been discovered at the sites in Podlasie and in Belarusian part of the River Bug region. It is analogous to Dubičiai type pottery by morphology and ornamentation but has less of organic temper in clay mass. Most probably, it is a result of local development of the Early Neolithic traditions in the western part of Prypiat-Neman culture area.

scholarly journals Development of the leaf area and the productivity structure of the sunflower hybrids in the north-eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
М.М. Sakhoshko ◽  
M.I. Kravchenko ◽  
V.M. Yatsenko ◽  
I.O. Kolosok
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Sunflower Crop

At the present stage, the model of leaf plant development is increasingly considered as the main element of genotypes adaptation to specific cultivation conditions, geographical area, etc. Under these conditions, the potential of the hybrid, the range of its adaptation to environmental conditions is determined by the level of interaction between the development of the assimilation apparatus and the generative organs. An urgent task aimed at improving the productivity of sunflower crop due to the use of genotypes adapted to the conditions of the north-eastern Forest-Steppe and Polyssya of Ukraine is to identify typical schemes of interaction of photosynthetic potential and parameters of plant productivity and crop yields. The studies were conducted in accordance with the program for the development of a variety model for the conditions of the north-eastern Forest-Steppe and Polyssya of Ukraine. Field experiments were carried out in 2016‒2019 at the Sumy National Agrarian University and the Institute of the Agriculture of North East of Ukraine. In the studies, 28‒56 hybrids of different originators were tested annually. Sunflower was cultivated according to the technology recommended for the area, with pre-harvesting density of 60 thousand plants / ha. Harvesting was done manually, from two central rows of a 4-rows plot. The results were processed using the Statistics package. The data on yield indices and values of leaf area coefficient (LAC) of crop for groups of varieties separated by the duration of growing season were analyzed. It was found that the increasing of leaf area was accompanied by an increasing of yield in case of comparing groups with dates of technological maturation until 20 August, 1 September and 10 September. In all cases, the maximum value of the leaf area index ranged from 3.12‒3.52 m2/m2. These dynamics of indicators indicated to the regulatory nature of the values of leaf area coefficient (LAC) of modern sunflower crop and the absence of genotypes (or conditions) capable of maintaining these values at the level of more than 3.3‒3.5 m2/m2. According to the analysis of correlation pleiades, the presence of several levels was found and the relative independence of the relationships between the group of parameters, determining the morphological structure of plants and the vertical structure of crop and the group of parameters, characterizing the content of chlorophyll and its concentration per unit area of leaf surface. In practical terms, the results of the analysis indicated the potential informative nature of the complex use of parameters characterizing the morpho-structure of plants, primarily the index of leaf area and the index of chlorophyll concentration per unit area. In order to isolate the typical schemes characteristic of different levels of adaptation to the conditions of the zone, data on 29 sunflower hybrids distributed in the region were clustered. The results of the analysis allowed to distinguish three significantly different algorithms for the realization of the vegetative and generative potential of sunflower hybrids in the area of the north-eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It has been established that one of the factors for successful realization of the generative potential of sunflower hybrids in the conditions of the zone is the ability to preserve and (in some cases) to improve the structure of relations between the dynamics and parameters of the plant leaf apparatus and the parameters of their generative development.

scholarly journals Constructive and geographical basis of the viticulture development in the North-Eastern foreststeppe region of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Study Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to constructive-geographical research of the bases of viticulture development in the North-Eastern foreststeppe region of Ukraine by conducting microclimatic and phenological observations, disclosing and substantiating their role in practical activities. The constructive and geographical approach has been used for solving the problem of distribution and commercial cultivation of grapes in Ukraine. This approach forms an important basis for the theory and practice of cultivation areas expansion of heat-loving crops, in particular grapes, atypical for the forest-steppe region. The paper reveals features of natural conditions of the North-Eastern forest-steppe region of Ukraine. Based on years of meteorological and phenological observations the possibility to develop viticulture in these conditions has been proved. Using the long-term observations data of the influence of the agrometeorological conditions on the course of the growing season and quality of grapes produces positive results. For the first time influence of weather types and microclimate characteristics of weather in the forest-steppe region on the individual phases of grapes development have been shown. New approaches have been applied to the study of grapes development phases and distribution of the sum of temperatures for each phase particularly. Ways of science-based weather and climate events forecasting have been improved in grapes cultivation and the importance of this when planning harvests. The author developed a forecast variation, projecting recommendations for the successful development of viticulture in Ukraine. The main results of phenological observations have been summarized; their combination with instrumental made it possible to study the processes of heat transfer during the growing season from early phases in stones development of such plants as apricot and cherry, which are the plants-indicators in the study region. The algorithm for determining yield of grapes in the North-Eastern forest-steppe region of Ukraine has been proposed. Forecast variations, projecting recommendations for the successful development of viticulture as well as general recommendations on cultivating this culture in the region have been developed.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF STANDING DENSITY OF SOY PLANTS DEPENDING ON THE SORT’S MATURITY GROUP OF THE VARIETY FOR THE CONDITIONS OF THE NORTH-EASTERN PART OF THE FORESTSTEPPE OF UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Z. I. Hlupak
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Early Variety ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
North Eastern Part

The aim of the article is to establish the optimal sowing density of soybean plants depending on the maturity group of the variety to obtain consistently high yields. For this purpose, new varieties of soybeans Siverka, Medison and Sihaliia were taken for research, which differ not only in the duration of vegetation, but also in morphological characteristics. The object of the research is the process of forming soybean yield depending on the variety and standing density. The subject of the research is the varieties: early-ripening Siverka from the Institure of Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (NAAS), year of registration - 2013, plant growth type - intermediate; middle-early Medison from Hyland seeds: it has been in the Register of the varieties of Ukraine from 2008; type of growth - indeterminate; middle-ripening Sihaliia fro Dunai Agro, which was brought in the Register of the varieties of Ukraine in 2014, type of growth - indeterminate; seeding rates of 600, 700 and 800 thousand per ha; soybean grain yield. The forerunner in the experiments was winter wheat. Soil preparation consisted of stubble peeling and fallow plowing. Before sowing cultivation with harrowing was conducted. Sowing was carried out at a time when the soil at thr depth of 10 cm warms up to 100C in the usual row manner with a row spacing of 15 cm to the depth of 4-5 cm. Crops care laid in carring out preemergence and two post-emergence harrowings. Studies have shown that soybean yields depended on the variety and density of plants. Thus, on average over the years of research, the yield in the variety Siverka varied from 2.01 t per ha at a density of 800 thousand pieces per ha and decreased as it thickened to 2.26 t per ha at a density of 600 thousand pieces per ha. In the Medison variety, the yield ranged from 2.18 t per ha at a density of 600 thousand units per ha to 2.41 t per ha at a density of 700 thousand units per ha. In the Sihaliia variety, the yield varied from 2.28 t per ha at a density of 600 thousand pieces per ha to 2.50 t per ha at a density of 800 thousand pieces per ha. The maximum yield for the years of research (2.09-2.39 t per ha) the variety of Siverka formed at a density of 600 thousand pieces per ha. In the Medison variety the highest yield (2.31-2.52 t per ha) was obtained at a standing density of 700 thousand pieces per ha. The yield of the Sihaliia variety depended to a greater extent on the weather and climatic conditions of the year. Thus, under drier conditions in 2017, the highest yield of the variety (2.44 t per ha) was formed at a density of 700 thousand pieces per ha. Under more favorable conditions, the highest yield was obtained at a density of 800 thousand pieces per ha - 2.51-2.69 t per ha. Depending on the weather and climatic conditions of the years of research, the highest yields of all varieties were obtained under favorable conditions in 2019 - 2.27-2.56 t per ha. Under drier and cooler conditions in 2017, the yield of all varieties was lower by 0.13-0.41 t per ha. Thus, in the conditions of the north-eastern part of the forest-steppe of Ukraine, in order to obtain a high soybean yield, it is necessary to take a differentiated approach to the choice of the optimal standing density depending on the maturity group of the variety. Optimal conditions for the formation of maximum productivity of early-ripening soybean variety Siverka were created in the agrophytocenosis at densities of 600 thousand per ha, for medium-early variety Medison - 700 thousand per ha, and for medium-ripening variety Sihaliia - 700-800 thousand pieces per ha.

scholarly journals Structural-lithological geological-genetic model and mineral composition of Krasnokutskaya rare-metal-titanium placer deposits (Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
pp. 540-556
Author(s):  
E. A. Ganja ◽  
A. V. Lalomov ◽  
A. V. Chefranova ◽  
A. V. Grigor’eva ◽  
L. O. Magazina
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Donets Basin ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Placer Deposits ◽  
Metal Titanium

The conditions of the occurrence, structure, material composition and controlling factors of Krasnokutsky rare-metal-titanium placer deposit localized in the Miocene sediments of the North-Eastern slope of the Dnieper-Donets basin are investigated. Distinguished lithofacies complexes (alluvial-deltaic, coastal and shallow marine, aeolian) correspond to the Lower (Aquitanian), Middle (Burdigalian) and Upper (Langhian) members of Novopetrovskaya Formation of Miocene. Placer bodies are localized in the littoral marine-coastal complexes of Middle Novopetrovskaya sub-formation. Placerforming process is related to phases of stabilization of the shoreline of the regressive phase of the Sub-Paratetic basin. Main search and forecasting criteria for the identification of promising sites within the Kharkiv-Sumy placer-bearing zone are stabilization of the shoreline in the Middle Novopetrovskaya time simultaneously with development of transverse thereto alluvial-deltaic structures that supply weak mineralized sediments. Also, the deltaic ledge breaking the monotony coastal migration and playing the role of structural-sedimentary traps. The developed digital structural-lithological model of the Krasnokutskoye mineral deposit allows us to offer a set of criteria for comparative evaluation of different placer-bearing areas in order to determine the order of their development. The mineral composition of productive deposits is typical for the placers of the region and for rare-metal-titanium placers as a whole; the increased content of rutile and zircon, which rise the industrial value of placers of this zone, are associated with the influence of crystalline rocks of the Voronezh massif.

scholarly journals Along the Danube and at the Foothills of the North-Eastern Hungarian Mountains: Some Data on the Distribution of Stone Raw Materials in the Late Iron Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-342
Author(s):  
Zoltán Czajlik
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
The North ◽  
Late Iron Age ◽  
Stone Materials ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
North Eastern

Stones as raw materials are important environmental resources often found at prehistoric sites. Since their various types essentially retained their original geological features, it is generally relatively easy to identify their origin. Nevertheless, there is hardly any systematic research on late prehistoric stone raw materials. Furthermore, these materials are mentioned very inconsistently and the geological terms, definitions and analyzes are absent from the discussions. The general picture that we can sketch based on secondary literature is therefore mosaic-like. However, it is by no means impossible to identify extraction sites. Based on on-site experience and using modern analyzes, it is possible, for example, to differentiate between individual types of sandstone and andesite. From the perspective of future research, analyzes of late Iron Age stone materials from well-studied archaeological contexts could contribute to understand better how stones as raw materials were used in late prehistoric periods.

Plant genetic diversity of north-east districts of Ukraine (according to the results of the expedition in 2018)

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-46
Author(s):  
V.M. Kirian ◽  
L.A. Hlushchenko ◽  
R.L. Boguslavskyi ◽  
Yu.V. Hlushchenko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

Aim. To locate and collect samples of the local gene pool of wild and cultivated plants adapted to the conditions of the north-eastern region of Ukraine for further selection from them of sources of valuable economic and biological traits, including them in breeding and research programs and preservation in the collections of the National Plant Genebank of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. An expeditionary survey of the north-eastern regions of Ukrainian Polesie and Forest-Steppe was carried out. 523 gene pool samples of the cultivated plants and wild related species adapted to the conditions of this region and belonging to 153 botanical taxa were collected. 179 herbarium sheets of 43 plant species are collected. Natural reserves and objects of natural reserve fund for collecting seeds of rare and regionally rare species as well as vegetation of mounds, ravines, slopes, undisturbed steppe areas were examined. Promising objects were identified for monitoring the status of cenopopulations of forage and medicinal plants valuable and rare genotypes, their careful study, preservation and reproduction: buffer zone around the “Mikhailivska Tsilyna” in the Lebedyns’ky district, Sumska region; the system of beams surrounded by forest with untypical meadow and steppe vegetation in the Krolevetsky district of the Sumska region. Geographical coordinates were determined for the arrangement of reserves of for in situ conservation, and a herbarium was collected of regionally rare, rare, state-protected and having international status species as well as plant species that have limited resources. The collected material will ensure the expansion of the genetic base of existing and creation of new collections of genetic resources of field, medicinal and other crops through accessions that are characterized by adaptability to abiotic stress and resistance to biotic factors, yield, product quality. Conclusions. 523 packages of seed and units of planting material of gene pool accessions were collected during the expedition and transferred to scientific institutions for the study. The results of the expedition showed the promise of continuing expeditionary surveys and collecting of the gene pool samples in Ukraine. To do this, it is necessary to equip the NGRGRU with a specialized vehicle and provide a special article for financing expeditions.

Middle to Late Pleistocene topography evolution of the North-Eastern Azov region

2018 ◽  
Vol 465 ◽  
pp. 72-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Konstantinov ◽  
A.A. Velichko ◽  
R.N. Kurbanov ◽  
A.L. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
The North ◽  
Azov Region ◽  
North Eastern
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