scholarly journals Growth and Phytase Activities of Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023 During Cultivation with Sodium Phytate

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
N.V. Chuiko ◽  
◽  
A.Yu. Chobotarov ◽  
I.K. Kurdish ◽  
◽  
...  

Bacteria of the genus Bacillus are known for their ability to mineralize organic phosphorus compounds. Phytates constitute up to 60–80% of the total plant phosphorus and almost 50% of soil organic phosphorus. Phytates phosphorus is unavailable for plants. Bacillus can synthesize phosphatases both wide spectrum of action, and highly specific phytases that catalyze the hydrolysis of phytates. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the growth and phytase activity of Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023, which is the component of the ”Azogran” complex bacterial preparation for plant growing. Methods. The growth activity of bacteria was studied by cultivation methods, the phytase activity – by measuring the amount of phosphate released from sodium phytate during the enzymatic reaction. Results. It was shown that B. subtilis IMV B-7023 assimilated phytate as the source of phosphorus nutrition during cultivation in media with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/L of sodium phytate. The highest growth activity of these bacteria was observed after two days of cultivation in medium with 1.0 g/L of phytate. The number of bacteria was (3.91±0.32)×109 CFU/mL under these conditions. At the same time, B. subtilis IMV B-7023 demonstrated a low level of phytate assimilation as a source of carbon nutrition. Thus, after two days of cultivation the number of bacteria increased from (4.12±0.09)×106 CFU/mL to (1.07±0.07–3.11±0.51)×107 CFU/mL in the presence of 0.5–2.0 g/L phytate in the medium and the absence of another carbon source. It was determined that strain B. subtilis IMV B-7023 had phytase activity, the highest activity (221.85±0.12 U/g) was on the first day of their cultivation in medium with inorganic phosphates. It should be noted that B. subtilis IMV B-7023 phytase activity was lower during cultivating in medium with sodium phytate as a source of phosphorus nutrition, than in medium with inorganic phosphates. The obtained fact may be due to phytate hydrolysis by widespecific phosphatases. Higher rates of phytase activity obtained on the first and third days compared to the second and fourth days of bacterial cultivation may indicate the expression of phosphatases genes only in the period required for maximum bacterial development, in the absence of these proteins in the media. At the same time, the phytase activity of B. subtilis IMV B-7023 after 2 days cultivation in a media with 0.5 and 1.0 g/L of sodium phytate (194.80±0.15 U/g and 160.90±0.13 U/g, respectively) as the source of carbon and phosphorus was higher compared to the activity of bacteria on medium with inorganic phosphates (137.79±0.10 U/g). This may be caused by the synthesis of a larger number of highly specific phosphatases (phytases) in bacterial cells at the presence of only phytate in the medium as a substrate. Conclusions. B. subtilis IMV B-7023 strain is characterized by growth on nutrient medium with sodium phytate and phytase activity. Because they are soil microorganisms used as the component of the ”Azogran” complex bacterial preparation for plant growing, the ability to hydrolyze and assimilate phytate is important for functioning of this strain in the rhizosphere. The obtained results extend the understanding of B. subtilis IMV B-7023 influence on phosphorus nutrition and development of plants.

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 760-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrianus J Engelen ◽  
Fred C Van Der Heeft ◽  
Peter H G Randsdorp ◽  
Ed L C Smtt

Abstract A simple and rapid method is described for determining the enzymatic activity of microbial phytase. The method is based on the determination of inorganic orthophosphate released on hydrolysis of sodium phytate at pH 5.5.


1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Sierra

Intact spores of Bacillus subtilis are susceptible to subtilopeptidase attack and this enzymatic reaction induces changes in the spore similar to those that take place during "physiological" germination. Germination occurred between pH 5.5 and 10.0 showing a pH optimum of 9.0 and between 25 °C and 45 °C with an optimum of 37–40°. Subtilopeptidase-induced germination took place in completely anaerobic conditions. Sublethal heating of spore suspensions increased the rate of subtilopeptidase-induced germination. Germination with subtilopeptidase was almost completely inhibited by an excess of diisopropyl fluorophosphate. L-Alanine-induced germination was not affected by diisopropyl fluorophosphate. Participation of the spore metabolism in subtilopeptidase-induced germination seemed likely. These results suggest that subtilopeptidases initiate spore germination by releasing germination agents from the spore.No significant loss of viability was noted until after exposure to the proteolytic enzyme for at least 60 minutes. Prolonged exposure of B. subtilis spores to subtilopeptidase results in death of the exposed spores.Subtilopeptidase-induced germination was also observed in several spores of other members of the genus Bacillus.


2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1833-1836
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Xiao Mei Li ◽  
Qing Qi Guo

Optimal condition, stability and Km of phytase which was from Aspergillus oryzae093 were studied. The optimal temperature and pH for sodium-phytate hydrolysis by Aspergillus oryzae093 phytase is 50°C and 5.5 respectively. Phytase has better heat stability as temperature below 45°C. The phytase activity remained 90% when pH is 5.0 to 6.0. Low concentration Fe2+ and Mg2+ can promote phytase activity, while Cu2+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Al3+ or high concentration Fe2+ and Mg2+ can inhibite the activity of phytase. The Km is about 4.8×10-5 mol•L-1 when sodium phytate as substrate. The enzyme properties of Aspergillus oryzae093 phytase make it could apply to food and feed to reduce the phosphorus exhausted to environment.


2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Wang ◽  
Mudong Hao ◽  
Guoqing Wang

Wrinkle morphology is a distinctive phenomenon observed in mature biofilms that are produced by a great number of bacteria. The wrinkle pattern depends on the mechanical properties of the agar substrate and the biofilm itself, governed by the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here we study the macroscopic structures and the evolution of Bacillus subtilis biofilm wrinkles using the commercial finite element software ABAQUS. A mechanical model and simulation are set up to analyze and evaluate bacteria biofilm's wrinkle characteristics. We uncover the wrinkle formation mechanism and enumerate the quantitative relationship between wrinkle structure and mechanical properties of biofilm and its substrate. Our work can be used to modify the wrinkle pattern and control the biofilm size.


Mycologia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keller Suberkropp ◽  
E. O. Jones

2013 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hong Qi ◽  
Zhan Ping Zhang ◽  
Wen Long Li

The effect of tourmaline on growth activity of marine bacterium and the diatomNavicula perminutawas investigated by testing number of bacteria in fresh nature seawater and chlorophyll a of the diatom suspension. The concentrations of magnesium, iron and lithia tourmaline powders were controlled from 1 g/L to 15 g/L. The results showed that bacterial cells in seawater and chlorophyll a of diatom solution were reduced with increase of tourmaline powder. Tourmaline could inhibit obviously the growth activity of marine bacteria and diatom. The inhibiting effect of lithia tourmaline is strongest, that of magnesium stronger, and that of iron weakest. Whatever the tourmaline type, the higher the negative ion release rate is, the stronger is the inhibiting effect of tourmaline on growth activity of marine bacteria and diatom. Tourmaline mineral materials are expected to use as an additive to antifouling coatings from this work.


2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-473
Author(s):  
Aline Puspita Kusumadjaja ◽  
Tutuk Budiati ◽  
Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih ◽  
Sajidan Sajidan

Phytase is enzyme which hydrolysis phytic acid to anorganic phosphate and myo-inositol pentakis-, tetrakis-, tris-, bis-, and monophosphate. The use of phytase in feed industry can overcome environment and nutrition problems which were arisen from unmetabolism phytic acid or its salt by poultry, swine and fish. The feed industry needs a thermostable enzyme due to the need of high temperature in pelleting process, i.e. 81 °C. By using thermostabile phytase, the pelleting process will not affect the enzyme activity. Thermostabile phytase can be isolated from microorganism live in hot spring water or volcano crater. In this study, the screening of thermophylic microorganism having thermostabile phytase activity in Ijen Crater, Banyuwangi, has been done. From this process, it was obtained 33 isolates that produce phytase enzyme. Isolate was code by AP-17 yields highest phytase activity, that is 0.0296 U/mL, so this isolate was choosen for further study. The activity of crude phytase enzyme was measured based on the amount of anorganic phosphate that was produced in enzymatic reaction using UV-VIS spectrophotometer at 392 nm. Based on morphology test to identify the gram type of microorganism, isolate AP-17 has a bacill cell type and identified as positive gram bacteria. This isolate was assumed as Bacillus type.   Keywords: Phytase, thermophilic microorganism, phytase activity


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