scholarly journals Degradasi Zat Warna Direct Red-23 Secara Fotolisis dengan Katalis C-N-codoped TiO2

2017 ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Yuli Okta Fitriyani ◽  
Upita Septiani ◽  
Diana Vanda Wellia ◽  
Reza Audina Putri ◽  
Safni Safni
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Azo Compounds ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Tio2 Catalyst ◽  
Codoped Tio2 ◽  
Optimum Weight

Zat warna direct red-23 merupakan pewarna sintetik dengan struktur senyawa organik yang bersifat non-biodegradable. Zat warna direct red-23 mengandung senyawa azo dan bersifat karsinogenik. Zat warna direct red-23 didegradasi secara fotolisis menggunakan sinar UV (ultraviolet), sinar matahari, tanpa dan dengan penambahan katalis C-N-codoped TiO2. Larutan zat warna direct red-23setelah dan sebelum didegradasi diukur dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 400-800 nm. Penentuan berat optimum katalis C-N-codoped TiO2 dilakukan dengan metode fotolisis sinar UV dan didapatkan berat optimum 15 mg. Persen degradasi zat warna direct red-23 secara fotolisis sinar UV dan sinar matahari tanpa katalis C-N-codoped TiO2 27.47% dan 13.74%. Persen degradasi meningkat menjadi 68.68% dan 28.57% dengan penambahan 15 mg katalis C-N-codoped selama 120 menit fotolisis. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan metode fotolisis dengan sinar UV lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan sinar matahari. Direct red-23 dye is a synthetic dye that is widely used in textile industry. Wastes generated from textile industrial processes are generally non-biodegradable organic compounds containing azo compounds and carcinogenic. Direct red-23 dye was degraded by photolysis UV Light method,  solar irradiation, without and addition of C-N-codoped TiO2 catalyst. The results degradation of direct red-23 were measured with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at wavelength of 400-800 nm. Determination of optimum weight of the C-N-codoped TiO2 catalyst was performedby photolysisUV Light methodand the optimum C-N-codoped TiO2catalyst is obtained 15 mg. Percent degradation of direct red-23 dye by photolysis of UV light and solar irradiation without C-N-codoped TiO2to 27.47% and 13.74%. Percent degradation increasedto 68.68% and 28.57% by addingC-N-codoped TiO2 catalyst was adding 120 menutes of photolysis.From the research it can be concluded by photolysis with UV Light methodis more efficient compared to solar radiation.

scholarly journals Degradation of Paracetamol by Photolysis Using C-N-codoped TiO2

Molekul ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Vanny Yulia Safitri ◽  
Adlis Santoni ◽  
Diana Vanda Wellia ◽  
Khoiriah Khoiriah ◽  
Safni Safni
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Tio2 Catalyst ◽  
Codoped Tio2 ◽  
Uv Light Irradiation ◽  
Optimum Weight ◽  
Visible Light Degradation

Paracetamol is generally used as analgesic and antipyretic drugs. Contamination paracetamol in the environment can occur because of waste material disposal from production site and immediate disposal of household that cause water pollution. Paracetamol is degraded by photolysis method under irradiation 10 watt UV-light (λ=365 nm), visible-light (Philips LED 13 watt 1400 lux) and solar-light with and without addition C-N-codoped TiO2catalyst. The solution is analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer at λ 200-400 nm. Optimum weight of C-N-codoped TiO2 catalyst obtained is 20 mg under UV-light photolysis. Paracetamol 4 mg/L is degraded 45.48% after 120 minutes under UV-light irradiation without catalyst, and increases to be 69.31% by using 20 mg catalyst. While degradation percentage of paracetamol is 16.96 % without catalyst, the percentage increases to be 34.29% after using 20 mg catalyst for 120 minutes photolysis under visible-light. Degradation of paracetamol by solar light achieves only 12.27% in absance of catalyst for 120 minutes irradiation, but it increases significantly until 70.39% in presence of 20 mg catalyst.

scholarly journals Solar UV-B/A radiation is highly effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Nicastro ◽  
Giorgia Sironi ◽  
Elio Antonello ◽  
Andrea Bianco ◽  
Mara Biasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Action Spectrum ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
Solar Pump ◽  
Set Up

AbstractSolar UV-C photons do not reach Earth’s surface, but are known to be endowed with germicidal properties that are also effective on viruses. The effect of softer UV-B and UV-A photons, which copiously reach the Earth’s surface, on viruses are instead little studied, particularly on single-stranded RNA viruses. Here we combine our measurements of the action spectrum of Covid-19 in response to UV light, Solar irradiation measurements on Earth during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemics, worldwide recorded Covid-19 mortality data and our “Solar-Pump” diffusive model of epidemics to show that (a) UV-B/A photons have a powerful virucidal effect on the single-stranded RNA virus Covid-19 and that (b) the Solar radiation that reaches temperate regions of the Earth at noon during summers, is sufficient to inactivate 63% of virions in open-space concentrations (1.5 × 103 TCID50/mL, higher than typical aerosol) in less than 2 min. We conclude that the characteristic seasonality imprint displayed world-wide by the SARS-Cov-2 mortality time-series throughout the diffusion of the outbreak (with temperate regions showing clear seasonal trends and equatorial regions suffering, on average, a systematically lower mortality), might have been efficiently set by the different intensity of UV-B/A Solar radiation hitting different Earth’s locations at different times of the year. Our results suggest that Solar UV-B/A play an important role in planning strategies of confinement of the epidemics, which should be worked out and set up during spring/summer months and fully implemented during low-solar-irradiation periods.

scholarly journals Comparison between Solar and Artificial Photocatalytic Decolorization of Textile Industrial Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falah H. Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Efficient Technology ◽  
Photocatalytic Decolorization ◽  
Catalyst Type ◽  
Colored Wastewater

The photocatalytic decolorization of industrial wastewater was investigated by using TiO2and ZnO photocatalysts. Heterogeneous photocatalytic processes applied under natural weathering conditions, in the presence of solar radiation show a promising degradation capability. The complete removal of color could be achieved in a relatively short time of about 20 minutes, when ZnO was used and about 100 minutes when TiO2was used under solar irradiation. However, in the presence of artificial UV-light, complete decolorization of textile industrial wastewater was obtained after less than one hour of irradiation when ZnO was used and in less than two hours, when TiO2was used at the same temperature. The results indicate that the degree of photocatalytic decolorization of textile industrial wastewater was obviously affected by different parameters. These parameters include catalyst mass, type of catalyst, type of reactor, type of dye, dye concentration, and temperature. The procedure used in this research can be used as an efficient technology for solar photocatalytic decolorization of the colored wastewater discharged from the textile industry under the climatic conditions of most countries.

scholarly journals Calibration and Validation of ArcGIS Solar Radiation Tool for Photovoltaic Potential Determination in the Netherlands

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1865
Author(s):  
Bala Bhavya Kausika ◽  
Wilfried G. J. H. M. van Sark
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Solar Radiation Model

Geographic information system (GIS) based tools have become popular for solar photovoltaic (PV) potential estimations, especially in urban areas. There are readily available tools for the mapping and estimation of solar irradiation that give results with the click of a button. Although these tools capture the complexities of the urban environment, they often miss the more important atmospheric parameters that determine the irradiation and potential estimations. Therefore, validation of these models is necessary for accurate potential energy yield and capacity estimations. This paper demonstrates the calibration and validation of the solar radiation model developed by Fu and Rich, employed within ArcGIS, with a focus on the input atmospheric parameters, diffusivity and transmissivity for the Netherlands. In addition, factors affecting the model’s performance with respect to the resolution of the input data were studied. Data were calibrated using ground measurements from Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI) stations in the Netherlands and validated with the station data from Cabauw. The results show that the default model values of diffusivity and transmissivity lead to substantial underestimation or overestimation of solar insolation. In addition, this paper also shows that calibration can be performed at different time scales depending on the purpose and spatial resolution of the input data.

The impact of acid hydrolysis conditions on carbohydrate determination in lignocellulosic materials: a case study with Eucalyptus globulus bark

Holzforschung ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Jorge Oliveira ◽  
Bruna Santos ◽  
Maria J. Mota ◽  
Susana R. Pereira ◽  
Pedro C. Branco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Eucalyptus Globulus ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Lignocellulosic Materials ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Eucalyptus Bark

Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass represents a suitable feedstock for production of biofuels and bioproducts. Its chemical composition depends on many aspects (e.g. plant source, pre-processing) and it has impact on productivity of industrial bioprocesses. Numerous methodologies can be applied for biomass characterisation, with acid hydrolysis being a particularly relevant step. This study intended to assess the most suitable procedures for acid hydrolysis, taking Eucalyptus globulus bark as a case study. For that purpose, variation of temperature (90–120 °C) was evaluated over time (0–5 h), through monosaccharides and oligosaccharides contents and degradation. For glucose, the optimal conditions were 100 °C for 2.5 h, reaching a content of 48.6 wt.%. For xylose, the highest content (15.2 wt.%) was achieved at 90 °C for 2 h, or 120 °C for 0.5 h. Maximum concentrations of mannose and galactose (1.0 and 1.7 wt.%, respectively) were achieved at 90 and 100 °C (2–3.5 h) or at 120 °C (0.5–1 h). These results revealed that different hydrolysis conditions should be applied for different sugars. Using this approach, total sugar quantification in eucalyptus bark was increased by 4.3%, which would represent a 5% increase in the ethanol volume produced, considering a hypothetical bioethanol production yield. This reflects the importance of feedstock characterization on determination of economic viability of industrial processes.

scholarly journals Optimal design of the solar tracking system of parabolic trough concentrating collectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-619
Author(s):  
Li Kong ◽  
Yunpeng Zhang ◽  
Zhijian Lin ◽  
Zhongzhu Qiu ◽  
Chunying Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
The North ◽  
Tracking Mode ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
East West

Abstract The present work aimed to select the optimum solar tracking mode for parabolic trough concentrating collectors using numerical simulation. The current work involved: (1) the calculation of daily solar radiation on the Earth’s surface, (2) the comparison of annual direct solar radiation received under different tracking modes and (3) the determination of optimum tilt angle for the north-south tilt tracking mode. It was found that the order of solar radiation received in Shanghai under the available tracking modes was: dual-axis tracking > north-south Earth’s axis tracking > north-south tilt tracking (β = 15°) > north-south tilt tracking (β = 45) > north-south horizontal tracking > east-west horizontal tracking. Single-axis solar tracking modes feature simple structures and low cost. This study also found that the solar radiation received under the north-south tilt tracking mode was higher than that of the north-south Earth’s axis tracking mode in 7 out of 12 months. Therefore, the north-south tilt tracking mode was studied separately to determine the corresponding optimum tilt angles in Haikou, Lhasa, Shanghai, Beijing and Hohhot, respectively, which were shown as follows: 18.81°, 27.29°, 28.67°, 36.21° and 37.97°.

Innovative Industrial Processes in the production chain of maize used for human food and relevant economic results

2010 ◽  
pp. 203-222
Author(s):  
Teresina Mancuso ◽  
Stefano Massaglia ◽  
Massimo Morganti
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
High Food ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Human Food ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Grain Products

The main problem concerning the production of grain corn for human food use is on the fumonisins contamination. In the European context, the limits relating to the maximum levels allowed for these metabolites in foodstuffs, necessitate by companies involved in cultivation and in the subsequent stages of storage and processing, to bear costs and investments to get finished products conform to that regulation. The aim of this work has been assessing the economic sustainability of interventions based on particular techniques of grain processing and the use of innovative plants by elevators and processors in order to reduce the level of mycotoxin contamination. The firms examined are a storage center and a mill, located in Northern Italy, which orient their processes in order to achieve production of high food quality and health. The determination of costs and revenues to obtain grain products for human food use, has highlighted that a focused approach on the quality productions permit to obtain broader margin gains and food safety for the consumer.

scholarly journals Isotherms of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and their mixtures

1931 ◽  
Vol 134 (824) ◽  
pp. 502-512 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Gas Mixtures ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Gaseous Mixtures ◽  
Previous Communication ◽  
New Apparatus ◽  
Temperature Ranges

In a previous communication from these laboratories by G. A. Scott an account was given of the determination of the isotherms of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and mixtures of the two in the molecular proportion 2 : 1, 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 over a pressure range up to 170 atmospheres and at a temperature of 25° C. Since the completion of that investigation new apparatus has been installed so that the pressure and temperature ranges might be extended; and in this paper are embodied the results of further determinations carried out at both 0° C. and 25° C. and over a pressure range extending up to 600 atmospheres. In pursuing this investigation further it is our endeavour to furnish information in regard to the gaseous mixtures in question over the pressure and temperature ranges now commonly used in industrial processes. The Isotherms of the Single Gases . A repetition in our new apparatus of the determinations previously made by Scott both for the single gases and gas mixtures at 25° C. and at pressures up to 170 atmospheres showed his figures to be in close agreement with our own, the variations never exceeding 0·1 per cent.

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