Tuberculosis among children in the United States: 1978

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-271
Author(s):  
Edwin L. Kendig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Age ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tuberculin Sensitivity ◽  
Tuberculosis Mortality

Tuberculosis mortality in the United States has declined sharply during the past three quarters of a century, from 200 per 100,000 population in 1900 to 1.8 per 100,000 population in 1974.1 The number of persons infected with tuberculosis has decreased proportionately. Whereas even 40 years ago the rate of tuberculin sensitivity among youths of high school age (15 to 19 years) was approximately 32%, a 1958 to 1969 survey of more than a million Navy recruits 17 to 21 years of age showed that only slightly more than 5% were reactors.2 From these statistics it would appear that eradication of tuberculosis in the United States is imminent.

95 Years of Teaching High School Sociology

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael DeCesare
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
Citizenship Education ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Teaching Sociology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Events ◽  
History Of

A neglected part of the history of teaching sociology is the history of teaching high school sociology. The American Sociological Association's centennial in 2005 affords sociologists an opportunity to reflect on the teaching of sociology–anywhere and everywhere that it happens. In the spirit of contributing to the history of teaching sociology in the United States, this paper outlines the roughly 95-year history of the teaching of high school sociology. I rely upon published course descriptions written by high school sociology teachers and empirical studies conducted by academic sociologists. They demonstrate that past high school sociology courses have focused primarily on examining social problems and current events, and on promoting citizenship education. This remains the case today. I offer several reasons why the courses have looked as they have over the past 95 years, and conclude with four predictions about the future of teaching high school sociology.

Review: Life in the Fast Lane

1986 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Peggy A. House
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Age ◽  
Mathematics Students ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Symposium Series ◽  
Fast Lane

Since its official beginning on 1 September 1971, the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth (SMPY) at Johns Hopkins University has received considerable attention as a model for the education of extremely talented young mathematics students, usually of junior high school age. Articles and books have been written about the project as it evolved and as it was replicated elsewhere in the United States. So it was appropriate that in November 1980 a symposium at Johns Hopkins was devoted to discovering what had been learned during the first decade of the SMPY. Academic Precocity, Volume 10 in the Hyman Blumberg Symposium series, reports the findings and conclusions of that symposium.

Kindersterfte in Nederland (Child Mortality in the Nttherlands)

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
HAROLD JACOBZINER
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Age ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
The Past

This book presents an excellent analysis of child mortality in the Netherlands. It traces the evolution of the decreases oven the past 75 years and predicts future trends. Since 1900 infant mortality decreased by 85% in the Netherlands. The preschool mortality showed a decline of 91% and mortality among the school age child was reduced by 83%. Child mortality was thus reduced at all age groups. The problem of infant mortality in the Netherlands like in the United States, is mainly the problem of the newborn, the bulk of the deaths in the infant group being due to perinatal mortality.

Migrant Students' Perceptions of Teachers, School and Self

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph O. Prewitt-Diaz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Migrant Students ◽  
Positive Feeling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Teachers

The number of returning migrants of school age in Puerto Rico has increased dramatically in the past five years. This study explored the perceptions of returning migrants and circulating migrant students of teachers, school, and self in Puerto Rico and the United States. The sample of 117 were recent arrivals from the mainland to the southern part of Puerto Rico. The circulating migrant students had more positive attitudes toward teachers, school, and self on the mainland than in Puerto Rico. The returning migrant students expressed a positive feeling toward school, teachers, and self in Puerto Rico.

Hidden Success: Learning From the Counternarratives of High School Graduates Impacted by Student Homelessness

2019 ◽  
pp. 004208591987792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl J. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
High School ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
The United States ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Caring Teachers ◽  
Significant Barrier

The number of youth experiencing homelessness in the United States has nearly doubled over the past decade from 688,000 in 2006 to over 1.3 million as of 2017. While graduating high school is a significant barrier for many students experiencing homelessness, many youth are able to successfully graduate despite their unstable living conditions. This qualitative study used the antideficit achievement framework to analyze the counternarratives of eight youth who successfully graduated high school while experiencing homelessness. Findings showed that strong peer relationships, the support from caring teachers, and attending church served as impactful influences that helped youth experiencing homelessness graduate high school.

International Research and Variation in Views of Ethnicity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Ella Inglebret ◽  
Amy Skinder-Meredith ◽  
Shana Bailey ◽  
Carla Jones ◽  
Ashley France
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Classification System ◽  
International Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Scale ◽  
Publication Patterns

The authors in this article first identify the extent to which research articles published in three American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) journals included participants, age birth to 18 years, from international backgrounds (i.e., residence outside of the United States), and go on to describe associated publication patterns over the past 12 years. These patterns then provide a context for examining variation in the conceptualization of ethnicity on an international scale. Further, the authors examine terminology and categories used by 11 countries where research participants resided. Each country uses a unique classification system. Thus, it can be expected that descriptions of the ethnic characteristics of international participants involved in research published in ASHA journal articles will widely vary.

Proportion of Individuals With Past-Year Suicidal Ideation Who Attempted Suicide Over the Past 10 Years in the United States, and the Influence of Age and Sex

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shannon Lange ◽  
Courtney Bagge ◽  
Charlotte Probst ◽  
Jürgen Rehm
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Past ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Category

Abstract. Background: In recent years, the rate of death by suicide has been increasing disproportionately among females and young adults in the United States. Presumably this trend has been mirrored by the proportion of individuals with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. Aim: We aimed to investigate whether the proportion of individuals in the United States with suicidal ideation who attempted suicide differed by age and/or sex, and whether this proportion has increased over time. Method: Individual-level data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 2008–2017, were used to estimate the year-, age category-, and sex-specific proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide. We then determined whether this proportion differed by age category, sex, and across years using random-effects meta-regression. Overall, age category- and sex-specific proportions across survey years were estimated using random-effects meta-analyses. Results: Although the proportion was found to be significantly higher among females and those aged 18–25 years, it had not significantly increased over the past 10 years. Limitations: Data were self-reported and restricted to past-year suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusion: The increase in the death by suicide rate in the United States over the past 10 years was not mirrored by the proportion of individuals with past-year suicidal ideation who attempted suicide during this period.

EDITORIAL: Migration and competitiveness: Japan and the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Philip L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Past Half

Japan and the United States, the world’s largest economies for most of the past half century, have very different immigration policies. Japan is the G7 economy most closed to immigrants, while the United States is the large economy most open to immigrants. Both Japan and the United States are debating how immigrants are and can con-tribute to the competitiveness of their economies in the 21st centuries. The papers in this special issue review the employment of and impacts of immigrants in some of the key sectors of the Japanese and US economies, including agriculture, health care, science and engineering, and construction and manufacturing. For example, in Japanese agriculture migrant trainees are a fixed cost to farmers during the three years they are in Japan, while US farmers who hire mostly unauthorized migrants hire and lay off workers as needed, making labour a variable cost.

Democratic Legitimacy

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Rosanvallon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
International Debate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Democratic Authority ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Western Democracies

It's a commonplace occurrence that citizens in Western democracies are disaffected with their political leaders and traditional democratic institutions. But this book argues that this crisis of confidence is partly a crisis of understanding. The book makes the case that the sources of democratic legitimacy have shifted and multiplied over the past thirty years and that we need to comprehend and make better use of these new sources of legitimacy in order to strengthen our political self-belief and commitment to democracy. Drawing on examples from France and the United States, the book notes that there has been a major expansion of independent commissions, NGOs, regulatory authorities, and watchdogs in recent decades. At the same time, constitutional courts have become more willing and able to challenge legislatures. These institutional developments, which serve the democratic values of impartiality and reflexivity, have been accompanied by a new attentiveness to what the book calls the value of proximity, as governing structures have sought to find new spaces for minorities, the particular, and the local. To improve our democracies, we need to use these new sources of legitimacy more effectively and we need to incorporate them into our accounts of democratic government. This book is an original contribution to the vigorous international debate about democratic authority and legitimacy.

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