Cross-Cultural and Gender Comparison of Emotional Connotation of Words

So far, scientists have researched to explore the emotional connotation of words in different native languages and genders. This study investigates how connotations of words differ by cultures and genders by inspecting valence values, which indicates how happy people feel about specific words in datasets obtained from USA, Spain, and Portuguese. To fulfill the objective, we categorized people’s feelings evoked by the words based on a criterion created by adding or subtracting standard deviation to or from valence means for the upper and lower bound. Then, words with valence values outside of the upper and lower bounds were categorized as emotional words (positive or negative) and were analyzed. The results show that people of different cultures are more connected regarding the perception of negative connotation of words than positive connotation. Moreover, Portuguese and Spanish are more connected than either of them with the US as they have more emotion words in common. On the gender aspect, we notice that females tend to give more extreme ratings for words than males. Furthermore, the analysis shows that males have a more positive feeling towards sex-related words than females. Overall, this study outlines a way for people interested in anthropology to understand the differences in the emotional connotation of words between males and females and across cultures.

The role of school mediation in the development of digital skills among Spanish minors

Given the growing importance of digital literacy in children’s education, this article analyzes the role of school mediation in the development of digital competences among Spanish minors. Based on the results obtained from a survey of 2,900 Spanish schoolchildren between the ages of 9 and 17 years conducted at the end of 2018, we explore their attachment to their school, the digital mediation they receive at the center, and their digital competences. The data show that they have a positive feeling of belonging to their school. The most widespread competences among minors are precisely those most related to the playful use of digital devices. Analysis of the association between school mediation and the acquisition of various types of digital skills shows that mediation is effective in the acquisition of most competences among pre-adolescents, confirming the need for early school mediation. There is no doubt that media and digital education contributes to the achievement of more inclusive environments. Educational policies oriented toward safer use of the Internet and a change in the pedagogical paradigm in primary and secondary education should contribute to enhanced development of digital skills during childhood and adolescence.

PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR KECAMATAN JAWILAN KABUPATEN SERANG

To achieve organizational goals, a government agency requires good and measurable performance. In order for employee performance to be achieved properly, intense communication between employees is required. In carrying out public service tasks according to the duties and functions of employees at the Jawilan District Office, Serang Regency, it requires a common perception so that the goals of the organization can be achieved. The common perception is created through communication between employees, which is called interpersonal communication. This study intends to examine the effect of interpersonal communication on employee performance at the Jawilan District Office. The method used is a quantitative approach, using data collection methods through questionnaires. The sampling technique used was the saturated sample technique where the sample was 40 people. The number of samples is the same as the total population. Furthermore, the study uses a test of validity and a test of reliability. The results showed that the effect of interpersonal communication consisting of openness, empathy, support and positive feeling was increased, thus increasing employee performance. Based on the results of the T-test calculations, the test results show that the significance value = 0.000 <0.05 or sig value <0.05 t arithmetic > t table (5.983> 2.024). This means that Ha is accepted, and HO is rejected, and the result of the correlation coefficient (R) is = 0.746, the relationship is very strong between Interpersonal Communication and Employee Performance at the Jawilan District Office, Serang Regency. And the results of the regression analysis show that there is a positive influence between the Interpersonal Communication variabel (X) and the Employee Performance variabel (Y) at the Jawilan District Office, Serang Regency, as shown by the regression equation Y = 6.929 + 0.652X

Servant Leadership Reality Practice and its Impact on Job Involvement – A field Study on Administrative Staff of King Abdul-Aziz University - Female Section in Sulaymaniyah –: واقع ممارسة القيادة الخادمة وأثرها على تحقيق الاستغراق الوظيفي – دراسة ميدانية على إداريات جامعة الملك عبد العزيز - شطر الطالبات بالسليمانية –

The aim of this research is to identify the role of servant leadership with its dimensions (empowering others- humility- accountability- acceptance-giving directions- Stewardship) in achieving job involvement for King Abdul-Aziz University female administrators. In order to fulfill the research objectives, descriptive analytical methodology was used, and questionnaire was utilized to collect the required data from (166) participants; the data were statistically analysesd. Several statistical functions were used on the collected date. The most important result is stated that there is an impact and a relationship between servant leadership and job involvement. Showing that, giving more attention to the practice of servant leadership behaviours may lead to the enhancement of KAU administrator's job involvement. Accordingly, this research introduces some recommendations, such as, giving leadership literature more concern by providing the organizations with new books and scientific journals about leadership types, competencies and traits; this will encourage employees to read them. Moreover, organization should focus on employee's job involvement; this may benefit the organization in a way that would give a higher impact on the employee's work desire, this in turn, can positively enhance organizational performance indicators such as; productivity, job turnover, job security, efficiency, effectiveness, and customer satisfaction. In addition, the organization should give more concern to provide a healthier workplace that could trigger the employees' enthusiasm, morality and job involvement; as a result, employees may gain a positive feeling and good impression towards achieving the organization goals.

Social toxicity among patients with cancer diagnosis in Saudi Arabia: A descriptive phenomenological qualitative study.

151 Background: The objective of this study was to describe the social and financial experience of cancer patients throughout the continuum of their disease. Methods: A descriptive phenomenological qualitative study was conducted in the Oncology Department in King Abdulaziz Medical City in Saudi Arabia. Four focus groups, including 15 cancer patients (9 women and 6 men) and 11 care givers (5 females and 6 males), and face-to-face interviews among 29 healthcare workers including physicians, nurses, social workers, and health educators were conducted. All discussions were transcribed verbatim and entered into NVIVO software and themes were extracted and examined. Results: Focus group discussions and interviews revealed a range of social and financial themes such as experiencing fear of spousal abandonment, concerns of becoming a social and financial burden to the family, poor physical appearance, and hair loss for females. Experiencing depression, social isolation, fear of infertility, and fear of job loss for both genders. Males were mostly affected by facial hair loss and sexual dysfunction. An emerging theme regarding the elderly patient was neglect by family members and isolation from society with the intention of protecting them. Acceptability of disease and submission as an act of religiosity was a general positive feeling. Conclusions: This descriptive phenomenological qualitative study characterized the significant social and financial toxicities among patients with cancer diagnosis in Saudi Arabia. Such phenomena and context are expected to enable a deeper understanding of oncology professionals’ experiences in order to better deliver patient-centered care as a component of a holistic approach.

Problematic Internet Use among University Students and Its Relationship with Social Skills

Internet use has been steadily and unstoppably gaining ground in all areas of life, from recreational activities to the establishment of social relations. However, addictive use of the Internet is a problem that seriously affects some people. Factors that may influence the occurrence of inappropriate internet use include age and social skills. For this reason, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of social skills and age on the development of problematic internet use in university students. The study involved 514 students enrolled at a university in Spain, who filled in two questionnaires, one on problematic internet use and the other on social skills. Multivariate multiple linear regression models revealed that some social skills variables (conversation and social ease, empathic and positive feeling skills, risk coping) predicted problematic internet use. In addition, age played a role in preference for online social interaction and deficient self-regulation. Younger students were more at risk of having obsessive thoughts related to internet use and of engaging in compulsive internet use compared to older students.

Effectiveness of Self-differentiation Training Based on Bowen’s Approach on Positive Feeling Towards Spouse in Married Women in Isfahan in 2019

Introduction: As self-differentiation is a process that reflects one’s independence in the emotional and rational dimension, in which one learns to make independent decisions and to have a rational love, affection, and intimacy. This research aimed to study the effectiveness of self-differentiation training based on Bowen’s approach on positive feelings toward spouse in Married women in Isfahan. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design conducted on the control group. The statistical population consisted of counseling applicant women in the city of Isfahan in 2019. Sampling was voluntary. The announcement was installed at counseling centers, and 30 women were randomly placed into control and experiment groups. All participants filled out demographic and Positive Feeling (PFQ) questionnaires. Then, participants of the experiment group were trained in Bowen’s self-differentiation in eight sessions. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods (analysis of covariance) at the error level of 0.05 and SPSS-24 software. Results: The results indicated that teaching Bowen’s self-differentiation significantly affected women’s positive feelings towards the spouse (p<0.05), which means that the differentiation training increases the positive feeling towards the spouse. Conclusion: According to the results, teaching Bowen’s self-differentiation can increase positive feelings towards spouses in women. Therefore, this technique can be considered a marital problem.

VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT «JOY» IN THE UKRAINIAN WORLDVIEW:BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF FICTIONAL PROSE

JOY is considered to be one of the basic human emotions and key concepts in culture. The study of emotional concepts is complex as it combines psychological, cognitive, linguistic and ethnocultural fields. The study of concepts is valuable because it enables us not only to identify the culturally specific worldview of a certain lingual-cultural community and single out its national and cultural peculiarities, but also understand the word as a lexical unit in the context of culture, cognition, and communication. The article is dedicated to the research of the emotional concept JOY, its structure and means of verbalization in the Ukrainian worldview. The research is a part of a more complex study which is being conducted by applying the method of cognitive definition suggested by Jerzy Bartmiński ‒ a famous Polish linguist and ethnologist. The source of the material for the research ‒ the electronic corpus of texts "Mova Info", in particular its subcorpus – fictional prose of the Ukrainian literature from the second half of the XX century to the beginning of the XXI century (300 examples). The research showed that the concept JOY in the Ukrainian linguaculture has the following meanings: Joy is a positive feeling, emotion, psychological state, mood, character trait, and can denote a person who causes joy. Joy has different qualities such as duration, sincerity, reality, expectation, frequency, order, degree of control, intensity, depth and volume. Joy is expressed through facial expressions, physiological, behavioral and vocal reactions. The common reasons for Ukrainians to feel joy are universal concepts and values (life, freedom), faith in God, psychological state (love, desire), people (family, friends), humor, jokes, home, objects and phenomena of nature, seasons, material goods, money, gifts, food, drinks, news, important events in life (marriage, child birth), having sex, celebrations, meeting people, mental activities (thinking, learning), entertaining, having a rest, going for walks, travelling, adventures, achievements, success, victory, discovery.

Prevalence of Emotions and Basic Feelings in Higher Education, Case: ESPOCH Marketing Career

This research aimed to determine the prevalence of basic emotions and feelings in higher education students, through a case study of students pursuing the marketing degree of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo (ESPOCH). The research employed the MATEA model (fear, affection, sadness, anger and joy) and qualitative and quantitative approaches. The research design was descriptive, cross-sectional and non-experimental, and the methods used were inductive, deductive, analytical, synthetic and systemic. Data were collected through documentation and field review. The results indicated that there was a high level of fear, anger and joy in the students, a neutral level of sadness, and a positive feeling of affection. Given that anger and fear were identified at high levels in the students, we conclude that these feelings should be treated by ESPOCH’s Department of Well-being, Polytechnic and Psychology. Keywords: MATEA model, emotions, feelings, emotional codes. Resumen La investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de las emociones y sentimientos básicos en los estudiantes de educación superior, caso: Carrera de Mercadotecnia de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), se fundamenta en el modelo MATEA (miedo, afecto, tristeza, enojo y alegría) tiene un enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo, de nivel descriptivo, de diseño transversal, no experimental, los métodos utilizados fueron inductivo, deductivo, analítico, sintético y sistémico en el proceso de revisión documental y de campo desarrollados en la presentación de resultados, discusión y conclusiones. Los resultados determinaron el sentimiento miedo su nivel es alto; el sentimiento afecto es positivo, el sentimiento tristeza se encuentra en nivel neutro, el sentimiento enojo su nivel es alto, el sentimiento alegría fue alto. Se concluye que los sentimientos enojo y miedo fueron identificados altos en los estudiantes, se recomienda que estos sentimientos deben ser tratados por los departamentos Bienestar Estudiantil Politécnico y Psicología de la ESPOCH. Palabras clave: modelo MATEA, emociones, sentimientos, códigos emocionales.

STUDENT CONCERNS FOR ENGAGEMENT IN ONLINE ACTIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS DURING COVID-19

This paper shares a summary of the self-reported concerns of 134 first-year engineering students around engagement in online active learning environments during COVID-19. The students had volunteered to participate in remote weekly problem-solving workshops for four weeks that utilized Active Learning techniques. In this paper, we specifically analyze samples from the students who participated in only one workshop and responded to the following question: What concerns do you have that might limit your ability to engage in online active learning environments? Twenty of the participants reported no concerns. The tone of each student's response and personal feelings reported were also analyzed. Then, a thematic analysis of each student response was made, with the transcription and coding agreement being performed by two coders. As expected, most of the students expressed their concerns in a negative or neutral tone, and only a few expressed an affinity for current educational settings. Word mining of feeling terms shows that more students had verbalized being disengaged, followed by distracted and uncomfortable and none communicated a positive feeling. Our thematic analysis showed that learning socially (72/114, or 63%) is the most pressing concern for the students, followed by more personal regulating factors such as attitude and motivation (44%), quality of physical and virtual study environment (40%), as well as the guidance received from the course administrators (24%). Findings suggest the need for developing a global understanding of what active learning in an online environment entails in the context of engineering education, and to develop and adjust tools and practices to help students learn in this new context.