Birth Weight Less Than 800 Grams: Changing Outcomes and Influences of Gender and Gestation Number

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Hoffman ◽  
Forrest C. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Original Cohort ◽  
Female Survival ◽  
Intensive Care Nursery

Mortality and neurodevelopmental morbidity were compared in two cohorts of neonates with birth weights of less than 800 g. The neonates, born in the years 1977 through 1980 (original cohort) and 1983 through 1985 (current cohort), were patienta in the same university intensive care nursery. Mortality was 80% in the original cohort and 64% in the current cohort (P = .01). In the current cohort, survival was significantly better for neonates with birth weights of more than 749 g (58% vs 27%; P = .001). Survival was also significantly associated with gender and with gestation number (female survival was 48% and male survival was 23%, P = .003; singleton survival was 41% and twin survival was 21%, P = .03). Prevalence of major central nervous system handicaps did not significantly differ between the two study groups, but severity of handicap was worse for the current study group. Morbidity in the current cohort was most severe for twins (67% with a major central nervous system handicap) and was least severe for singleton girls (4% with a major central nervous system handicap, P = .002). Delivery mode appeared to affect outcome. Although there were more nursery admissions and more survivors among neonates with birth weights of less than 800 g during the period 1983 through 1985 compared with the period 1977 through 1980, overall neurodevelopmental morbidity worsened.

Severe Bacillus cereus infection in a neonatal intensive care unit

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Machado ◽  
Albina Silva ◽  
Maria J. Magalhães ◽  
Carla Sá ◽  
Eduarda Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Immunocompromised Status

AbstractInfections of the central nervous system (CNS) in neonates with very low birth weight (VLBW) may have major clinical consequences due to their immunocompromised status.

scholarly journals Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy as a Complication/ Sequelae of Prolonged Refractory Seizure: A Case Report from Nepal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikash Khadka ◽  
Kishor Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Enzymes ◽  
Recurrent Seizure ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy(TC) is a reversible, yet underdiagnosed cause of mortality and morbidity in the intensive care units. It occurs secondary to sudden catecholamine surge precipitated by any form of emotional or pathological stress. Association between central nervous system disorders and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is being increasingly reported. Epilepsy is the second most common CNS disorder to trigger TC, SAH being the first. We report a case of TC in an elderly man with prolonged, recurrent seizure episodes refractory to the commonly used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), who developed unexplained tachycardia, hypotension and elevated cardiac enzymes.

scholarly journals Clinical profile of fungal sepsis in new born: a tertiary centre experience from Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 170-173
Author(s):  
Farhana Tasneem ◽  
Mohammad Monir Hossain ◽  
Salahuddin Mahmud ◽  
Syed Shafi Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Ventilator Support ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Feed Intolerance ◽  
Neonatal Candidiasis

Background: Candida infections are frequent and major causes of septicemia in neonatal intensive care units and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Low birth weight preterm infants are especially vulnerable to these devastating infections. Material and methods: A prospective observational study was done from May 2013 to June 2014 in SCABU (Special Care Baby Unit) & ICU (Intensive Care Unit) of Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Dhaka. All neonates admitted with suspected clinical sepsis were analyzed in the study. Among which 30 culture positive candida cases were identified and included in this study. Outcome measures assessed was the incidence of candidemia in our NICU with clinical profiles and associated risk factors. Results: Out of 30 newborns 18 (60%) were preterms, 20% of study population were having a birth weight of <1 kg, 23.3% with a birth weight of 1-1.5 kg and 23.3% with a birth weight of 1.5-2.5 kg. 73.4% of the study population were hospitalized for >1 week. In the study group 56.7% had feed intolerance, 53.3% needed ventilator support, 56.7% had temperature instability, 73.3% had thrombocytopenia 63.3% had apnea and 73.3% had jaundice. The overall survival was 63.3%. Conclusions Low birth weight, prematurity, use of broad spectrum antibiotics, mechanical ventilation and prolonged hospital stay were important risk factors associated with neonatal candidiasis in this study. Thrombocytopenia, feed intolerance, increased requirement for ventilator support, temperature instability, jaundice and apnea were significant clinical parameters noted in babies with culture proven neonatal candidiasis. The overall survival was 63.3% in the study group.

Disseminated Candidal Infections and Intravenous Hydrocortisone in Preterm Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-887
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Botas ◽  
Isabel Kurlat ◽  
Shirley M. Young ◽  
Augusto Sola
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Teaching Hospital ◽  
Intensive Care Nursery

Background. Intravenous (IV) hydrocortisone (HC) has been used recently in selected preterm infants for hypotension soon after birth. During the same time period that HC was used, there was a marked increase in the incidence of disseminated candidal infections (DCIs). Objective. To determine whether there is an association between DCI in the first 35 days of life and IV HC in preterm infants. Research design. A hospital case-control study comparing the exposure of HC between preterm infants with DCI and matched infants without DCI. Setting. A tertiary level intensive care nursery in a major teaching hospital in San Francisco, CA. Patients. Seventeen preterm infants with DCI and 25 infants without DCI, with gestational age younger than 28 weeks and birth weight less than 1000 g, inborn and outborn admitted to the intensive care nursery between January 1992 and September 1993. Methods. All preterm infants diagnosed with DCI at younger than 35 days of age were identified using a perinatal and neonatal database. DCI was defined as a blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or two urine cultures positive for Candida requiring antifungal therapy. A control group of uninfected infants matched for the major risk factors for DCI (gestational age, birth weight, duration of intubation, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and IV alimentation, including lipids and central venous catheters) admitted during the same period was identified using the same database. Postmatching comparison was performed for several other factors to detect any other differences between the groups. Results. The infants with DCI (n = 17) and control infants (n = 25) had no statistical difference in exposure to the major risk factors for DCI or in postmatching comparison. Ten (59%) of the infants with DCI were receiving HC at the time of infection, whereas four (16%) of the control infants received HC during the first 35 days of life. Infants with DCI were 7.5 times as likely as control infants (95% confidence interval, 5 to 11) to have received IV HC before the onset of fungal infection. Conclusion. We conclude that the administration of IV HC significantly increases the risk of DCI in susceptible preterm infants younger than 35 days of age. The potentially serious risks of DCI should be considered particularly in the patient selection process for administration of IV HC.

International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorders: revisions to the 2007 definitions

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1261-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren B Krupp ◽  
Marc Tardieu ◽  
Maria Pia Amato ◽  
Brenda Banwell ◽  
Tanuja Chitnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
International Pediatric ◽  
Demyelinating Disorders ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Study Group

Background: There has been tremendous growth in research in pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) and immune mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorders since operational definitions for these conditions were first proposed in 2007. Further, the International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (IPMSSG), which proposed the criteria, has expanded substantially in membership and in its international scope. Objective: The purpose of this review is to revise the 2007 definitions in order to incorporate advances in delineating the clinical and neuroradiologic features of these disorders. Methods: Through a consensus process, in which input was sought from the 150 members of the Study Group, criteria were drafted, revised and finalized. Final approval was sought through a web survey. Results: Revised criteria are proposed for pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, pediatric clinically isolated syndrome, pediatric neuromyelitis optica and pediatric MS. These criteria were approved by 93% or more of the 56 Study Group members who responded to the final survey. Conclusions: These definitions are proposed for clinical and research purposes. Their utility will depend on the outcomes of their application in prospective research.

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