SAFE ADMINISTRATION OF THE MEASLES VACCINE TO CHILDREN ALLERGIC TO EGGS

: Methotrexate is an antimetabolite anticancer drug frequently used in the treatment of extensive chronic plaque psoriasis. Psoriatic plaque erosion is a rare toxic side effect of single-dose methotrexate and is described as a sign of the impending pancytopenia. Here, we report a case of a 48-year-old male, presented with multiple oral and genital erosions, fissuring over palm and soles for 5 days. His laboratory tests revealed severe pancytopenia and nephropathy. He had a history of chronic plaque psoriasis for which he took a single dose of 15 mg methotrexate. During the hospital stay, the patient needed folate antagonist, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), intravenous fluids, blood transfusions, and platelet transfusions. He recovered within 12 days of admission.

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Risk of Absence of Measles Antibody in Healthcare Personnel and Efficacy of Booster Vaccination

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9050501 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 501

Author(s):

Chung-Jong Kim ◽

Ji-Yun Bae ◽

Kang-Il Jun ◽

Hae-Sun Chung ◽

Aeyeon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Booster Vaccination ◽

Healthcare Personnel ◽

Testing Time ◽

Seroprevalence Rate ◽

Mmr Vaccine ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Seropositivity Rate ◽

History Of ◽

Measles Vaccination ◽

Measles Incidence

We aimed to identify the presence of the measles IgG antibody (mIgG-Ab) in healthcare personnel and finding out who needs the measles vaccination. The history of measles vaccination was obtained from the national vaccine registry. A baseline mIgG-Ab test was performed, and the measles vaccine was administered to participants who tested negative or equivocal for mIgG-Abs. During the study, 2885 (87.3%) of the 3303 employees were tested for measles serostatus. The baseline seropositivity rate for mIgG-Abs was 91.9%. Among the 234 seronegative cases, 82.9% were born after 1985. The seroprevalence rate was lower in those who received the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine >10 years before the testing time, especially if they were born after 1985 and if there was only one previous record of vaccination. Among the 234 seronegative cases, MMR vaccination was administered in 174 cases, of which serostatus was evaluated in 146 cases. After the first dose, positive seroconversion was achieved in 126 participants (86.3%). After a second dose, 15 achieved (75.0%) positive seroconversion. In healthcare personnel born after the period when measles incidence significantly decreased, it may be necessary to reassess their immune status for measles if more than 10 years have elapsed since the last vaccination.

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The association of class I HLA alleles and antibody levels after a single dose of measles vaccine

Human Immunology ◽

10.1016/s0198-8859(02)00741-3 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 103-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Robert M Jacobson ◽

Gregory A Poland ◽

Robert A Vierkant ◽

V.Shane Pankratz ◽

Daniel J Schaid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Class I ◽

Measles Vaccine ◽

Hla Alleles ◽

Antibody Levels

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Development of Tics in a Thirteen-Year-Old Male Following Atomoxetine Use

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900016412 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 301-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jessica Sears ◽

Nitin C. Patel

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Single Dose ◽

Tourette Syndrome ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Interventional Therapy ◽

Prior History ◽

Unique Case ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

History Of ◽

Pharmacologic Therapies

ABSTRACTTics and Tourette syndrome are common comorbidities of patients diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One of the mainstay pharmacologic therapies for ADHD has been stimulants. However, this class of drugs has been associated with tic exacerbations, thus limiting their utility in this patients subgroup. Atomoxetine has been explored as an alternative treatment as one of the few non-stimulants available to treat ADHD. Early data identifies atomoxetine's influence on Tourette symptomatology to be not merely equivocal but potentially suppressive in the manifestation of tics. There are, however, case studies describing patients experiencing recurrences of tics following treatment with atomoxetine. We present a unique case of a patient, without any prior history of a movement disorder, who developed tics following a single dose of atomoxetine that did not improve until interventional therapy was initiated.

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Predicting Measles Susceptibility

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.73.6.871 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 73 (6) ◽

pp. 871-873

Author(s):

LORING G. DALES ◽

JAMES CHIN

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Service ◽

Advisory Committee ◽

Virus Vaccine ◽

Measles Virus ◽

Public Health Service ◽

Measles Vaccine ◽

Measles Outbreak ◽

The Us ◽

History Of

Elsewhere in this issue, Scott et al1 present results of their study which found that the historical criteria developed by the US Public Health Service Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) for detecting students who were susceptible to measles performed very poorly in a school measles outbreak. The ACIP criteria designate as susceptible persons born since 1956 who have no documentation of immunization, who have no physician-Venified history of measles infection, who last received measles vaccine before their first birthday, or who were last immunized (at age 12 months or older) before 1968 with measles virus vaccine that could have been either live or inactivated.

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Egg Hypersensitivity and Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine Administration

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.88.5.913 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 88 (5) ◽

pp. 913-917

Author(s):

Suzanne A. Beck ◽

Larry W. Williams ◽

M. Annette Shirrell ◽

A. Wesley Burks

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Skin Prick Testing ◽

Skin Testing ◽

Screening Method ◽

Negative Control ◽

Mmr Vaccine ◽

Double Blind ◽

Intradermal Testing ◽

Vaccine Administration ◽

History Of

Because reports have described egg-sensitive individuals in whom anaphylaxis developed after measles vaccination, current recommendations include delaying administration of egg-derived vaccines until skin testing can be performed. Specifically, the 1988 Red Book recommends skin testing via scratch, prick, or puncture with 1:10 dilution of the vaccine and, if the result is negative, intradermal testing is suggested. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the likelihood of reaction to measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine in patients with documented egg sensitivity and to delineate the efficacy of skin-prick testing (SPT) to MMR as a predictor of hypersensitivity to the vaccine. Egg sensitivity was documented by initial SPT to egg and then, if possible, double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). Patients with a positive DBPCFC to egg or a history of anaphylactic egg sensitivity had a SPT with the MMR vaccine and then were given the MMR vaccine. Additionally, children with atopic dermatitis who had been previously proven egg sensitive via DBPCFCs were evaluated retrospectively for sensitivity to the MMR vaccine. Sixteen children with a history of egg sensitivity underwent SPT to egg, with a positive result 3 mm greater than the negative control found in 12 patients. Eight of these children had a positive DBPCFC to egg. The SPT to MMR vaccine was negative in all 16 children; vaccine administration followed with no resultant systemic problems. Three children had a local reaction at the site of injection. Twelve additional children with atopic dermatitis and egg sensitivity were reviewed. Each child had a positive SPT and DBPCFC to egg. Ten of these children received the MMR vaccine prior to the time that their egg sensitivity was elucidated. Two other children were vaccinated elsewhere after they were documented egg sensitive. All 12 of these children tolerated the vaccine without incident. These results further substantiate the safety of MMR administration in egg-sensitive children and support routine vaccination of children who do not exhibit systemic allergic hypersensitivity to egg. It is suggested that SPT is an adequate screening method for children with anaphylactic egg sensitivity.

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A Centralized Outbreak of Varicella among Children Attending Preschool in Suzhou, China

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/6183936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Min Zhang ◽

Guo-Ping Gui ◽

Feng Guo ◽

Xin-Fang Fan ◽

Ri-Sheng Zha

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Single Dose ◽

Varicella Vaccine ◽

Vaccination Strategy ◽

Vaccination Status ◽

Varicella Vaccination ◽

Key Factors ◽

Vaccine Failure ◽

Information Platform ◽

History Of

Background. Varicella vaccine is available for voluntary purchase with a single dose currently recommended for children aged ≥12 months. An epidemiological study was undertaken in order to determine the characteristics of the outbreak, assess vaccine effectiveness, and examine risk factors for vaccine failure. Methods. A varicella case was defined as a generalized papulovesicular rash (without other apparent causes) in a child without prior varicella attending the kindergarten during February 22 to April 7 of 2016. Varicella among vaccinated children (breakthrough varicella) was defined as varicella occurring >42 days after vaccination. Children’s vaccination status was verified with immunization records through local vaccination information platform. Results. Of the 738 children, 664 (90.0%) had no prior varicella history. Of these, 364 (54.8%) had received a single-dose varicella vaccine before outbreak. A total of 30 cases occurred in the outbreak, and 9 of them (30%) had breakthrough varicella. Age at vaccination (<15 months vs. ≥15 months) and time since vaccination before the outbreak (<3 years vs. ≥3 years) were not related to the occurrence of breakthrough varicella (P>0.05). Single-dose varicella vaccination was 64.7% effective in preventing any varicella. Conclusions. Single-dose varicella vaccine is effective in reducing the varicella attack rate, but not high enough to prevent outbreak. Timely detection and effective isolation are key factors in controlling varicella. Improving single-dose vaccination coverage and implementing two-dose vaccination strategy should be recommended to provide excellent protection to prevent varicella in the future in Suzhou.

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Gamma interferon levels among Bangladeshi children after measles vaccination

Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin ◽

10.3329/bmrcb.v40i3.25234 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 118-121

Author(s):

S Sultana ◽

S Tabassum ◽

A Nessa ◽

M Jahan

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Single Dose ◽

Measles Virus ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Gamma Interferon ◽

Age Group ◽

Measles Vaccine ◽

Live Virus ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Measles Vaccination

Gamma interferon (IFN-?) plays an important role in the immune response to live measles virus vaccination. To study the immune response to measles vaccination, IFN-? level was estimated in 30 children. Of these, 24 children vaccinated with a single dose of measles vaccine at nine months of age and 06 children vaccinated with a second dose during the Measles Catch-up Immunization campaign. Measles vaccine strain was cultured in Vero cell line and the Tissue Culture Infective Dose (TCID)50 was used as standard live virus. Peripheral blood Mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was separated by Ficoll- Hypaque density gradient centrifugation and stimulated with measles virus antigens and mitogens (lectin), cultured in CO2 and IFN-? level was measured from culture supernatant by ELISA. On stimulation with measles antigen and lectin respectively, IFN-? level was highest (105 pg/ml and 226.54 pg/ml) in the 109-120 months age group while it was lowest (12.97±8.16 pg/ml and 13.16±8.0 pg/ml) in the 61-72 months age group. No significant difference was observed in IFN-? level after stimulation with either measles antigen or lectin among well-nourished (p<0.8) and mal-nourished (p<0.7) children suggesting that nutritional status did not have any effect on IFN-? level. However, IFN-? level was higher in children who received two dose of measles vaccine than those who received a single dose (p<0.001).Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2014; 40 (3): 118-121

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Outbreak of measles and rubella in refugee transit camps

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268809002520 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 137 (11) ◽

pp. 1593-1601 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

I. K. KOUADIO ◽

A. K. KOFFI ◽

H. ATTOH-TOURE ◽

T. KAMIGAKI ◽

H. OSHITANI

Keyword(s):

Incidence Rate ◽

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Measles Vaccine ◽

Mmr Vaccine ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Côte D'ivoire

SUMMARYIn 2004, concurrent measles and rubella outbreaks occurred in four camps hosting 2767 Liberian refugees in Côte d'Ivoire. Sixty rash and fever cases were identified. From 19 January to 23 February 2004 (weeks 8–13), measles IgM testing showed that 61·1% were positive. The highest incidence rate (18·5%) of measles was observed in children aged <9 months. Ninety-three percent of children aged between 6 months and 15 years received a measles vaccine during week 13, but the rash and fever cases continued to occur. This prompted a systematic test for both measles and rubella IgM antibodies. Rubella IgM testing revealed 74·0% positive cases between 14 February and 25 April (weeks 11–21). The highest incidence rate (3·88%) of rubella was found in children aged between 5 and 15 years. Supplemental immunization with a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine was conducted during week 20. This study illustrates the importance of testing for both measles and rubella in outbreaks of rash and fever in refugee settings.

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Positive Effect of Single-Dose Measles Vaccination in Reducing the Incidence of Pneumonia in Children with Measles

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics ◽

10.1093/tropej/fmaa085 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zafer Bağcı ◽

Yunis Yusuf Daki

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Vaccination Rate ◽

Hospitalization Rate ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Measles Vaccine ◽

Hospitalization Rates ◽

Training And Research ◽

Measles Vaccination ◽

Positive Effect

Abstract Aim Measles is a worldwide common, highly infectious and vaccine-preventable contagious disease with high morbidity and mortality rates. We investigated the effects of administering single-dose measles vaccination in children with measles on the incidence of pneumonia and hospitalization. Materials and methods We retrospectively analysed the hospital records of children aged 0–18 years who were diagnosed with measles within a year before the study in a training and research hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia. We compared the measles vaccine ratios, hospitalization rates, hospitalization duration and pneumonia development rates. Results We found that 34 (15.6%) patients had received measles vaccination, while 184 (84.4%) did not receive the vaccination. All the vaccinated patients received only a single dose of the vaccine. The proportion of those who had received pneumonia vaccine (14/34, 41.2%) was significantly lower than that of those who had never received a dose of measles containing vaccine (179/184, 97.3%) (p = 0.001). Moreover, patients who were immunized [n = 3 (3.1%)] had a significantly lower hospitalization rate than those who were not immunized [n = 94 (96.9%)] (p = 0.001). Conclusion The risk of pneumonia in children with measles vaccination, rate of hospitalization and length of hospital stay was significantly lower in children who had received even a single dose of the vaccine when compared with that in those who had not vaccinated. The results of this study reiterate the need for more effective global measles vaccination.

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