scholarly journals Influence of organic and non-organic microelements on productivity and metabolic processes in growing young pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 303-310
Author(s):  
M.G. Chabaev ◽  
R.V. Nekrasov ◽  
M.I. Klementiev
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Mineral Deposition ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Iron Manganese

The purpose of our research was to determine the effect two different complexes of elements of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, selenium by organic and mineral origin in feeding mixture “SK-4” on growing pigs productivity, metabolic state and mineral deposition in their organs. We formed two groups of growing pigs, 40 heads each, with an average live weight of 13.6 kg at the age of 42 days. In addition to the main diet, the experimental animals were fed by two premixes of enriched mineral (in the form of sulfates) and organic (as chelates) complex of trace elements. In growing period, the pigs from control and experimental groups were kept in equal conditions. Within 56 days of experiments the productivity of animals was depended on feeding, whereas the use of organic complex increased the average daily live weight gain by 6.3% (p≤0.01) with simultaneous decrease in exchange of energy costs by 6.4%. In the experimental group, the feeding with organic form of trace elements contributed to the increase in blood: erythrocytes - by 4.8% (p≤0.01) and hemoglobin - by 15% (p≤0.001) during the whole research period. We proved that the addition of chelate forms to the diet of growing pigs provided greater deposition of trace elements in their organs, which allowed reducing the excretion of trace elements, which is confirmed by the changes in histological sections. The results of our study showed that organic elements were more effective in terms of pigs production and health, and fully meet their needs in essential elements.

scholarly journals Influence of chelated forms of trace elements on the live weight and livability of rearing stock of broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Elena Pilyukshina ◽  
Vladimir Khaustov ◽  
Aleksandr Ozhimkov ◽  
Valentina Rusanova ◽  
Alexey Popelyaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Poultry Feeding ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
High Bioavailability ◽  
Manganese Copper

Nowadays, organic forms of trace elements, which have a high bioavailability, and, as a consequence, have a beneficial effect on the body of animals and birds, are increasingly used in feeding. In this area, quite a lot of research has been carried out on the use of chelates in poultry feeding, but mainly for broiler chickens and laying hens. Therefore, the purpose of our study was the use of organic forms of trace elements such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and selenium in the diets of rearing stock of the parent flock of the ROSS cross. The experiment was carried out in the production conditions of the Novosafonovskaya poultry farm of Kuzbasskiy Broiler LLC and at the Small animal science department of the Altai State Agrarian University in 2020. The results of the experiment indicate that replacing 50% of the need for inorganic forms of iron, manganese, copper, zinc and selenium with organic analogs contributed to an increase in live weight, absolute and average daily gains of rearing stock. There was an increase in the uniformity of the flock in terms of live weight, both males and females. The crop percent of poultry in the experimental group was 3.2-4.6% higher due to a decrease not only in mortality, but also in culled chickens.

EFFECT OF VARIOUS FORMS OF SELENIUM ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND METABOLISM OF FATTENED YOUNG PIGS IN PRODUCTION CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
M.G. CHABAEV ◽  
◽  
E.YU. TSIS ◽  
R.V. NEKRASOV ◽  
M.I. KLEMENTEV
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Large White ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Young Pigs

Selenium plays an important role for maintaining complex and adequate nutrition of fattened young pigs. It also has a big biological importance to maintain growth and health, as well as for biochemical and physiological processes This study presents the results of a production experiment to determine the effect of organic and inorganic forms of selenium on growth indicators, immunohematological blood parameters and slaughter qualities of fattened pigs in period I and II. Test feeding with various forms of selenium has been implemented with two groups of analogs (N = 60; n = 30), taking into account age and live weight. The experiment was conducted on castrates of large white breed, which were divided into two groups of 30 heads each following the principle of analogues (taking into account their age, live weight). The studied fattened pigs received standard complete feeds of the SK-5 and SK-6 types for a period of 105 days. Growing pigs were fed with organic selenium for 20 mg/kg as part of the feed 64 mixture per head in the first and second period of fattening, while the animals of the control group were fed with 0.3 mg/kg of the inorganic form of selenium. Including a chelated form of selenium in the complete feed of castrates at the rate established in the course of scientific and economic studies has led to 757 g of average daily gain, which is 8.1% more as compared to the control group. The concentration of red blood cells in the blood of growing pigs fed with 20 mg/kg of selenium chelate increased by 6.3%, hemoglobin – by 2.4%, and white blood cells – by 7.1% as compared to the control. Feeding organic selenium to fattened young pigs contributed to a significant increase in specific units of protein activity by 38.65% (p < 0.01), BASC – by 7.63%, as well as lysis – by 40.06% (p < 0.05), and phagocytic activity by 3.33% in blood serum as compared to the control. The half-carcasses of hogs who had received fed rations including selenium chelate fetured slaughter weight and slaughter yield, respectively, higher – by 6.4 and 0.6% as compared with the control analogues. The use of the established norm of organic selenium in the diets of fattened young pigs according to the results of production testing is economically profitable and contributes to a per-head profit of 420 rubles.

Prediction of the apparent digestible energy value of fats given to pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Powles ◽  
J. Wiseman ◽  
D. J. A. Cole ◽  
S. Jagger
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Two Age Groups

AbstractData from experimental programmes designed to investigate the effect of chemical structure of fats upon their apparent digestible energy (DE) value for pigs were subjected to regression analysis. For growing pigs, over the approximate live-weight range 30 to 90 kg, 25 data points were available, with fats evaluated having a range in the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids (U/S) from 0·66 to 15·67 and in free fatty acid (FFA) content from 8 to 818 g/kg. Sixteen data points were available for young pigs of approximately 12 kg live weight with a range in U/S from 0·62 to 5·71 and in FFA content from 54 to 756 g/kg. The wide range of values for U/S and FFA content had been obtained by blending different fats and, therefore, represented both the range and extremes likely to be found in the formulation of pig diets. Derivation of prediction equations for DE were based upon a series of non-linear regression analyses employing, in sequence, U/S, U/S + FFA content and U/S × FFA content. The DE offats could be predicted from U/S and FFA content with equations accounting for 0·802 and 0·768 of the variation in DE values for growing and young pigs respectively. The most appropriate equation for pigs of all live weights employed U/S and FFA content additively (U/S + FFA content). The equation for growing pigs was DE (MJ/kg) = 36·898 – (0·0046FFA (g/kg)) — 7·33e(–0·906U/S) and for young pigs was DE (MJ/kg) = 37·890 — (0·0051FFA (g/kg)) –8·20e(–0·515U/S). Comparisons revealed that differences between the two age groups, with lower values achieved with younger pigs, -were more pronounced the lower U/S and the higher FFA content of the fat.

A note on rationing of growing pigs according to age

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Braude ◽  
K. G. Mitchell ◽  
R. J. Pittman
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Growing Period

SUMMARYIn a trial involving 231 pigs grown from 20 to 90 kg live weight, three methods of adjusting the feed allowance were compared, namely according to live weight and a scale with weekly adjustments, or according to age with fixed increments of feed, adjusted either weekly or every 3 weeks. Irrespective of the frequency of feed adjustment, rationing by age gave as satisfactory results in performance and carcass quality as rationing by live weight, and reduced labour requirements by eliminating the need for regular weighing of the pigs throughout the growing period.

scholarly journals Effect of feeding chelate complexes of trace elements on the average daily balance of Cu, Zn and Mn in the organism of cows during the period of lacta-tion

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (79) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Kulibaba ◽  
M. M. Dolgaya ◽  
I. A. Ionov
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pure Element ◽  
Chelate Complexes ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Sulfate Salts ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The questions are considered about the effect of feeding of trace elements of different types and concentrations in premixes on the average daily balance of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) in the organism of cows of Ukrainian black mottled dairy breed of the two months after calving. For the experiment, 40 cows were selected and formed four groups: one control and three experimental. The cows in the control group fed a premix of sulfate salts of copper, zinc and manganese in doses that are 100% covered their lack in a forage. Experimental animals from I, II and III groups were fed premixes with chelate complexes of Cu, Zn and Mn, which offset the deficiency of trace elements in the feed ration for 100, 50 and 25% (calculated on pure element), respectively. The diet was counted on a cow with an average live weight of 550 kg, with a daily milk yield of 20 kg 4% fat and balanced on the basis of the main nutrients in accordance with the norms. Іn the feeds, excrements, urine and milk of cows, the content of trace elements copper, zinc and manganese was determined by the standardized atomic absorption method on the spectrophotometer AAS-30 («SaglZeiss», Germany). Found a higher percentage of trace elements deposition in the body cows of feeding of chelates of copper, zinc, and manganese in the concentrations that cover their deficit in the diet in the 100% and 50% in the experimental I and II groups: Cu – 7.3% (P < 0.05) and 1.4%, Zn by 12.2% and 15.0% (P < 0.001), Mn by 13.2% (P < 0.01) and 9.0% (P < 0.05), respectively, in comparison with their sulfate salts in a 100 % dose. Based on the results of the balance study, the use in the feeding of cows during lactation of chelates of trace elements in concentrations intermediate to different experimental groups was proposed, namely – below normal their input in the form of sulfate salts on 25% for copper, 50% – zinc, and 65% – for manganese (calculated on pure element).

The response of growing pigs to amino acids as influenced by environmental temperature: tryptophan

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Ferguson ◽  
R.M. Gous
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Body ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Large Neutral Amino Acid ◽  
Large White ◽  
Total Heat Loss ◽  
Young Pigs

AbstractAn experiment was performed to measure the response of young pigs to dietary tryptophan (TRP) concentrations and environmental temperatures. Seventy-two entire male Large White ✕ Landrace pigs were assigned to one of six dietary treatments (2·90 (T1), 2·46 (T2), 2·01 (T3), 1·57 (T4), 1·12 (T5) g/kg and T5 + supplemented TRP (T6)) and one of three temperature treatments (20, 25 and 30°C) at a mean starting live weight of 14·38 (s.e. 0·201)kg. Animals were given ad libitum access to food until a final weight of 26·42 (s.e. 0·479) kg. There were no significant interactions between temperature and dietary TRP on any production variable. There was a significant (P < 0·05) quadratic improvement in the rate of live-weight growth (ADG) as the concentration of dietary TRP increased and as the temperature decreased. However, the response to increasing dietary TRP was independent of the environmental temperature. Maximum ADG was attained on T2 (0·498 (s.e. 0·023) kg/day) and at 20ºC (0·412 (s.e. 0·024) kg/day). Final live weight was a significant (P < 0·001) covariate for ADG and food intake (FI) responses. With TRP as a precursor for serotonin, a neurotransmitter that regulates appetite, it was anticipated that food intake would be affected with decreasing dietary TRP levels. However, there was no response in daily food intake to decreasing TRP concentration. This lack of response in appetite to dietary TRP may have been a result of an increasing TRP to large neutral amino acid ratio, which is known to correlate with an increase in serotonin synthesis. Total heat loss followed a similar response to FI. The gain per unit of food consumed was significantly (P < 0·001) reduced as the TRP content of the diet was decreased. The most efficient treatments were T1 (506 (s.e. 1·90) g gain per kg food) and T2 (495 (s.e. 23·2) g gain per kg food) while the worst was T5 (237 (s.e. 22·3) g gain per kg food). There were significant quadratic responses to dietary TRP in protein content of the empty body (P < 0·05) and the rate of protein retention (PR) (P < 001) but only PR was affected by temperature (P < 001). Both temperature (P < 0·05) and dietary TRP (P < 0·001) had a significant effect on the lipid content of the body but only temperature affected the rate of lipid retention, with a significantly (P < 0·001) lower rate at 30 oC. The efficiency of TRP utilization improved with increasing temperature. It was lowest at 20ºC (0·60 g TRP per kg protein) and highest at 30ºC (0·86 g/kg), while the mean efficiency for pigs between 14 and 26 kg live weight, at thermoneutrality (25°C), was close to 0·71 g/kg.

TRACE ELEMENTS IN SOME NEW BRUNSWICK SOILS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Presant ◽  
W. M. Tupper
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Trace Element Study ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sulphide Deposits ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Element Study

A trace element study was carried out on 71 well-drained Podzol soil profiles from the Bathurst region of northeastern New Brunswick. Of these profiles 18 were selected from soils located above sulphide deposits; the other 53 were chosen randomly from areas not underlaid by sulphide-rich rocks. Lead, copper, zinc, iron, manganese, arsenic, antimony, silver, and tin were the elements studied.Lead, silver, and manganese showed definite tendencies to accumulate in the surface L–H horizons. Tin was the only element to consistently show concentrations in the Ae horizons. Arsenic, iron, and lead have accumulated in the B horizons of most profiles. The mean amounts of trace elements for all horizons of the profiles overlying sulphide deposits were higher than similar mean values for profiles above non-mineralized bedrock.

scholarly journals Effect of lysine feeding allowance on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-650
Author(s):  
O. I. Skoromna ◽  
O. P. Razanova ◽  
T. Y. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Free Moisture ◽  
Group A ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Experimental Pigs

The purpose of the study was the effect of lysine in the diets on the performance and slaughter indices of pigs during fattening. Young pigs of the experimental group, for the introduction to the diet of lysine, for 100 days of fattening had a greater live weight of 7.7 kg, or 6.4%. Control slaughter of pigs about the same indices of slaughter output of carcasses at the level of 84.0-86% in the experimental with a difference of slaughter weight by 4.3 kg in favor of the experimental group. A lower yield of internal fat and average fat thickness of 13.0% in experimental pigs was found, which confirms a more intense synthesis of muscle tissue. The content of total and bound moisture in muscle tissue was higher by 4.7% and 7.5%, respectively, in the pigs of the experimental group against control, but lower by 2.5% of free moisture. The consequence of these indicators is a lower solid content of 4.5% in the experimental group of pigs.

Effects of chromium supplementation from inorganic and organic sources on nutrient utilization, mineral metabolism and meat quality in broiler chickens exposed to natural heat stress

2004 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Amatya ◽  
S. Haldar ◽  
T. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Organic Nutrients ◽  
Iron And Manganese

AbstractOne hundred 1-day-old Ven Cobb chicks were used to study the effect of supplementation with 0-2 mg chromium (Cr) per kg diet from potassium chromate (T1), chromium chloride (T2) and chromium-yeast complex (T3). The control group (C) received no supplemental chromium. Each experimental group consisted of five replicates of five birds each and the supplementation was continued for 35 days. The weekly live-weight gain, food conversion ratio and the live-weight gain: food intake ratio were unaffected by the treatments. Metabolizability of the organic nutrients increased in the Cr supplemented groups compared with the C group and significantly higher values were observed in the T3 group indicating beneficial effects of Cr-yeast complex. Intake of the trace elements (copper, zinc, iron and manganese) fulfilled the requirements specified for broiler chickens. Retention of all these trace elements was higher (P < 0-001 for Cu, Zn and Fe, P <0-01 for Mn) in all the Cr supplemented groups compared with that in the C group. Furthermore, in the T3 group the retention of copper, zinc, iron and manganese was higher (P < 0001) than that in the T1 and T2 groups. Two birds were slaughtered from each replicate at the end of 21 and 35 days of feeding to observe Cr in the liver; this was higher (P < 0-01) after 35 days feeding only. Despite supplementation, liver Cr was lower (P < 0-01) in T1 T2 and T3 groups. Cr concentration in the plasma was higher (P < 0-05) in the T3 and T3 groups than that in the C group although its concentration did not change with the age of the birds. Higher (P < 0-01) plasma concentrations of copper were observed in the T1 T2 and T3 groups titan those in the C group. The differences between the Cr supplemented groups in this respect were not significant, however. Liver copper was higher (P < 0-001) in C while liver iron was the lowest (P < 0-05) in that group. The concentrations of copper, iron (P < 0-01) and zinc in the liver (P < 0-05) were higher after 35 than after 21 days while those of manganese were not affected by slaughter age. Protein accretion in the meat tended to be increased in the Cr supplemented groups while deposition of fat in the meat was lower but these differences were not significant (P > 0-05). Other meat quality parameters including sensory evaluation scores improved due to Cr supplementation and Cr-yeast complex was found to have exerted significantly greater effects on these parameters. It was concluded that the supplementation of 0-2mg Cr per kg food dry matter would improve the performance of broiler chickens in terms of metabolizability of organic nutrients, retention of trace elements and meat quality.

A note on further studies on sodium salicylate as a growth stimulant for growing pigs receiving diets with or without copper sulphate

1974 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Barber ◽  
R. Braude ◽  
K. G. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sodium Salicylate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Growing Period

SUMMARYResults are reported of an experiment with 60 pigs (12 pigs/treatment) covering the growing period between 22 and 87·5 kg live weight in which the growth-stimulating properties of sodium salicylate were examined either as a single additive or with copper sulphate. The pigs were individually fed a wet diet ‘to appetite’ and the quality of the carcasses was assessed at slaughter.No significant improvement in live-weight gain or feed: gain ratio was obtained when either 200 or 700 mg of sodium salicylate/kg was added to the diet. When 700 mg of salicylate was given together with 250 mg Cu/kg diet, the response in growth rate was significantly higher than that obtained from the addition of copper alone.There was no significant treatment effect on carcass quality as assessed by linear measurements, nor on the dry matter, nitrogen or ash contents of the gluteus medius muscle.

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