Проблеми захворювань молочної залози та перспективи розробки нових протимаститних препаратів

Mastitis (Mastitis) is a polyethiological disease, which in most cases (95‒98%) occurs and develops as a result of ingestion of pathogenic microflora in the udder tissue, in particular staphylococci, streptococci, E. coli etc. Diseases of the mammary gland of cows cause significant economic losses to farms of different forms of property, which consist in not getting milk, reducing its quality and crayfish cows, in the first place high-yielding. In addition, the use of milk from cows sick for mastitis threatens the health of people, which is unacceptable.Mastitis occur in both high-yielding and low-productive animals, both, during lactation and in the dry period, regardless of the period of the year. The most widespread, out of all the diseases registered in large dairy commodities, tribal and farms with different forms of ownership is mastitis. Cows most often suffer from mastitis in the first days of the postnatal period, or 10‒15 days after calving, as well as in the period of intense lactation.We emphasize that the creation of new and improved existing anti-mastics preparations, as a rule, are done through the development of multicomponent preparations, which include several active substances from different classes of chemical compounds, which must complement each other in the spectrum of antimicrobial activity.Owing to this, there is a need for advanced research on the creation of more effective anti-mastitis preparations, while those which would not leave residues in tissues and products.Taking into account all abovementioned, the microbiological studies were conducted on 29 samples of milk from cows suffering from clinical and subclinical mastitis in the detection of pathogens. In particular, it was found that for the clinical form of the mastitis, the most commonly isolated monoculture was Staphylococcus aureus (33.7%), Streptococcus agalactiae (29.4%), and in the association of Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus (22.5%). In the subclinical form of mastitis, the following cultures were identified in the association: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (41.6%); Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus uberis (30.4%) Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (24.1%).

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Investigations of efficacy of intramammary applied antimicrobials and glucocorticosteroides in the treatment of subclinical and clinical mastitis in cows

Veterinarski glasnik ◽

10.2298/vetgl1302015v ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (1-2) ◽

pp. 15-27

Author(s):

Slobodanka Vakanjac ◽

Vojislav Pavlovic ◽

Vladimir Magas ◽

Milos Pavlovic ◽

Miloje Djuric ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Prednisolone Acetate ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

Procaine Penicillin ◽

Streptococcus Uberis

Inflammation of the mammary gland, mastitis in cows, presents one of the most acute problems in intensive dairy production, inflicting huge economic losses. In the course of one year, 80 samples were taken at investigated farms from udder quarters of cows with clinical mastitis and 160 samples from udder quarters of cows with subclinical mastitis. The efficacy of three preparations, A, B, and C, was examined in the treatment of clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows. The investigations indicate that antibiotic preparation A (neomycin, polimixine B, oleandomycin and prednisolone) exhibited a greater efficacy in the treatment of clinical mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Micrococcus sp., but a smaller efficacy in the treatment of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Preparation B (amoxicillin, clavulanic acid and prednisolone) exhibited a higher efficacy in the treatment of clinical mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Micrococcus, but a weaker effect in the treatment of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Preparation C (procaine penicillin G, streptomycin, neomycin sulfate and prednisolone acetate) exihibited efficacy in the treatment of clinical and subclinical mastitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Micrococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Esherichie coli.

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Influence of Addition of Newly Drawn Milk and Fluctuating Temperatures of Farm Bulk Tanks on Growth of Mastitis-Causing Bacteria

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-49.1.54 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 54-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

HALIT H. OZ ◽

R. J. FARNSWORTH

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

Enhancing Effect ◽

Fresh Milk ◽

Streptococcus Uberis ◽

Bulk Tank ◽

Fluctuating Temperatures

Effect of addition of newly drawn fresh milk of consecutive milkings on growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, and Streptococcus uberis in milk held at fluctuating temperatures of a farm bulk tank for 48 h was studied. There was a statistically insignificant effect of the addition of newly drawn fresh milk of consecutive milkings on the growth rate of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. agalactiae and S. uberis but there was a significant (p<0.001) growth enhancing effect on S. dysgalactiae. However, all the bacteria grew significantly (p< 0.001) in milk held at fluctuating temperatures of farm bulk tank for 48 h.

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Bacteriocin ST91KM, produced by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus ST91KM, is a narrow-spectrum peptide active against bacteria associated with mastitis in dairy cattle

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w08-040 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 54 (7) ◽

pp. 525-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Reneé Pieterse ◽

Svetoslav D. Todorov ◽

Leon M.T. Dicks

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Mode Of Action ◽

Proteolytic Enzymes ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

Streptococcus Gallolyticus ◽

Streptococcus Uberis ◽

Sds Page

Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus ST91KM produces a bacteriocin (macedocin ST91KM) active against Streptococcus agalactiae , Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae , Streptococcus uberis , Staphylococcus aureus , and Staphylococcus epidermidis . Macedocin ST91KM is, according to tricine-SDS PAGE, between 2.0 and 2.5 kDa in size. Antimicrobial activity remained unchanged after 2 h of incubation at pH 2.0–10.0 and after 100 min at 100 °C. The peptide was inactivated after 20 min at 121 °C and when treated with proteolytic enzymes. Treatment with α-amylase had no effect on activity, suggesting that the mode of action does not depend on glycosylation. Amplification of the genome of strain ST91KM with primers designed from the macedocin precursor gene (mcdA) produced 2 fragments (approximately 375 and 220 bp) instead of one 150-bp fragment, as recorded for macedocin produced by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus ACA-DC 198. Strain ACA-DC 198 was not available. However, DNA amplified from strain LMG 18488 (ACA-DC 206), genetically closely related to strain ACA-DC 198, revealed 99% homology to the mcdA of strain ACA-DC 198 (accession No. DQ835394). Macedocin ST91KM may thus be a second putative bacteriocin described for Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus.

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Antimicrobialsusceptibilityof bacteria isolated from goats with subclinical mastitis in the Southern Marmara region of Turkey

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.6527 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 77 (05) ◽

pp. 6527-2021

Author(s):

Gulsen Goncagul

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Marmara Region ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Isolation Rate ◽

Streptococcus Uberis

The mastitis of dairy goats is a disease of the economic importance worldwide and is mostly associated with bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to isolate the bacteriae causing subclinical mastitis, and determine to the susceptibility of some clinical isolates against several antimicrobial agents frequently used to control bacterial subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in the Southern Marmara Region. A total of 68 Saanen goats were used for this investigation and subclinical mastitis was determined by using California Mastitis Test. As a result of bacteriological analysis of milk samples, 30 different bacteria species have been identified and non-aureus staphylococci found to be the predominant bacteria species with the rate of 22.1%. The species with the highest isolation rate among the isolates were Escherichia coli (18.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.7%), Streptococcus agalactiae (14.2%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (7.9%). The antimicrobial susceptibility of the high isolation rate species including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus uberis, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Mannheimia haemolytica to twelve antibiotics were determined by disc diffusion method. Bacterial strains analyzed showed highest sensitivity to ofloxacin (87.9%) and followed by cefuroxime (85.8%) and cefazolin (83.6%). In conclusion, subclinical mastitis still remains a problem in dairy goats, and for the elimination of subclinical mastitis, besides protective measures, determination of the bacteriae causing mastitis and their antibiotic sensitivities should be priority.

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Absence of Bacterial Adherence in the Establishment of Experimental Mastitis in Mice

Veterinary Pathology ◽

10.1177/030098587801500609 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 770-775 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

J. C. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Mammary Gland ◽

Significant Role ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Alveolar Epithelium ◽

Bacterial Adherence ◽

E Coli ◽

Suckling Mice

The possibility of adherence of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli or Streptococcus agalactiae to the epithelium of the mammary gland was investigated by inoculating them into this gland of mice. S. aureus, S. epidermidis and E. coli did not adhere to alveolar epithelium in suckling or non-suckling mice. S. agalactiae adhered to alveolar epithelium in non-suckling mice but adhesion was not sufficiently strong to withstand suckling. Bacterial adherence probably does not play a significant role in the establishment of mastitis by these organisms.

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The sensitivity of bovine staphylococci, streptococci and corynebacteria to cloxacillin and various other antibiotics

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900012425 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 249-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A. Jones ◽

T. M. Higgs ◽

F. K. Neave ◽

A. Smith

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Clear Relationship ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

Similar Activity ◽

Staph Aureus ◽

Corynebacterium Ulcerans ◽

Streptococcus Uberis

SummaryThe sensitivities of isolates of bovine staphylococci, corynebacteria and streptococci to various antibiotics were determined. The growth of various strains of Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by the following range of concentrations of antibiotic: cloxacillin, 0·07 to 0·6 μg/ml; penicillin G, 0·018 to > 250 μg/ml; streptomycin, 1·25 to > 250 µg/ml; novobiocin, 0·15 to 25 μg/ml; chlortetracycline, 0·6 to 10 µg/ml. The concentrations of cloxacillin required to inhibit growth were between 0·15 and 1·25 μg/ml for strains of Streptococcus agalactiae; 0·07 to 0·3 μg/ml for strains of Streptococcus dysgalactiae and 0·15 to 0·6 μg/ml for strains of Streptococcus uberis.The corynebacteria were generally sensitive to the penicillins (ampicillin, penicillin G, phenethicillin and cloxacillin), but showed least sensitivity to cloxacillin which had a similar activity to that of chlortetracycline, neomycin and oleandomycin. Chloramphenicol and streptomycin were less active than the penicillins and novobiocin showed little activity against Corynebacterium ulcerans.A clear relationship was confirmed between the sensitivity of staphylococci to cloxacillin and penicillin G. Some indication was found of an association between the sensitivity of staphylococci to cloxacillin and the success of cloxacillin intramammary therapy in the non-lactating udder. There was no evidence of a change in the sensitivity of Staph. aureus following exposure to cloxacillin in the non-lactating udder.

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Determinación de la cinética, pruebas de crecimiento y efecto de inhibición in vitro de Lactobacillus casei en Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae y Escherichia coli

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia ◽

10.15446/rfmvz.v62n2.51992 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Henry Jurado-Gámez ◽

Manuel Gúzman-Insuasty

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Lactobacillus Casei ◽

E Coli

Se determinó la cinética, pruebas de crecimiento y el efecto de inhibición in vitro de Lactobacillus casei sobre Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae y Escherichia coli. Se usaron cepas de casa comercial y cepas aisladas en la Vereda La Victoria, Corregimiento de Catambuco al suroccidente del municipio de Pasto, Nariño, Colombia. Se evaluó el efecto de los antibióticos Dicloxacilina, Cefepima, Cefalotina, Ciprofloxacina, Gentamicina, Penicilina, Trimetropim Sulfa y Ampicilina. Se evaluó la inhibición producida por L. casei y su sobrenadante sobre las bacterias patógenas. El crecimiento de la bacteria láctica se evaluó con tres niveles de pH (2,5, 4,5 y 7), tres concentraciones de sales biliares (0,5, 1 y 2%) y dos de bilis bovina (1 y 1,2%), y dos temperaturas (38 y 45°C). Igualmente se determinó la cinética de crecimiento y las variables pH, azúcar total, proteína y ácido láctico. Mediante HPLC se determinaron los péptidos y los ácidos orgánicos presentes en el sobrenadante. L. casei mostró susceptibilidad a la Ciprofloxacina y Ampicilina, mientras que S. aureus mostró susceptibilidad y resistencia a todos los antibióticos para la cepa comercial y aislada respectivamente, el mismo comportamiento se presentó con S. epidermidis. Las cepas de S. agalactiae y E. coli aisladas y comerciales mostraron susceptibilidad a los antibióticos. La cepa láctica mostró un efecto de inhibición de S. aureus, S. epidermidis y S. agalactiae, pero no fue efectiva con E. coli, igual comportamiento se observó con el uso del sobrenadante de la bacteria láctica. Se encontró crecimiento de 1 x 1010 y 5,1 x 107 UFC/ml para 1 y 1,2 % de bilis bovina; 2,3 x 107, 1 x 109 y 3 x 108 UFC/ml para 0,5, 1 y 2 % de sales biliares respectivamente; 1,1 x 1011, 2,0 x 1010 y 1,0 x 1010 UFC/ml para pH de 2,5, 4,5 y 7 respectivamente. La fase exponencial se encontró a 16:48 horas con un crecimiento de 3 x 1010 UFC/ml. La variables pH, azúcar, acidez y proteína durante la fase exponencial fueron de 4,94, 0,88 mg/l, 2,89 mg/l y 1,9 mg/l, respectivamente. La prueba de HPLC para péptidos mostró la presencia de una cadena VAL-TIR-VAL y para ácidos orgánicos se encontró una producción de 83,46% de ácido láctico. L. casei mostró buenas características probiótica que permitirían su aplicación en ensayos in vivo para el control de microorganismos causantes de mastitis subclínica en vacas.

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Determinación de la cinética, pruebas de crecimiento y efecto de inhibición in vitro de Lactobacillus lactis en Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae y Escherichia coli

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia ◽

10.15446/rfmvz.v62n2.51993 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Henry Jurado-Gámez ◽

Manuel Gúzman-Insuasty ◽

V. Jarrín-Jarrín

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

E Coli ◽

Lactobacillus Lactis

Se determinó la cinética, pruebas de crecimiento y efecto de inhibición in vitro de Lactobacillus lactis sobre las bacterias patógenas Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae y Escherichia coli. Los análisis fueron realizados en el laboratorio de microbiología de la Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias de la Universidad de Nariño. Las cepas patógenas fueron evaluadas por duplicado, la primera con el uso de cepas de referencia y las segundas, cepas aisladas de la región de Nariño, Colombia. Se determinó la inhibición de los antibióticos Gentamicina, Penicilina, Ciprofloxacina, Dicloxacilina, Cefepime, Cefalotina, Trimetropin Sulfa y Ampicilina mediante la metodología de kirby bauer. Se determinó la inhibición de L. lactis y el sobrenadante sobre todas las bacterias patógenas. Se evaluó el crecimiento de la bacteria láctica a 3 concentraciones de sales biliares (0,5, 1 y 2%) y 2 concentraciones de bilis bovina (1 y 1,2%); 3 pH (2, 4,5 y 7) y 2 temperaturas (38 y 45 °C). Se determinó la fase exponencial de crecimiento de la bacteria láctica y las variables cinéticas pH, azúcar, acidez y proteína. Se analizaron los péptidos presentes en el sobrenadante y la producción de ácidos orgánicos mediante HPLC. Se encontraron los microorganismos S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. agalactiae y E. coli en leche de vacas con mastitis subclínica en la región de Nariño, Colombia; las cepas fueron aisladas para su análisis. Se encontró susceptibilidad de las cepas de referencia a los anbitióticos evaluados y resistencia de las cepas aisladas. Se observó que únicamente la cepa de referencia de S. aureus fue resistente a la bacteria láctica; ambas cepas de S. agalactiae presentaron resistencia; mientras que S. epidermidis y E. coli mostraron susceptibilidad. Se encontró que el sobrenadante inhibe en mayor proporción a las bacterias patógenas de referencia; mientras que las aisladas posee mayor resistencia. La cepa láctica tuvo un crecimiento de 0 y 5 x 109 UFC/ml a concentraciones de 1 y 1,2%; mientras que con sales biliares se encontró crecimiento únicamente a 0,5% (5 x 108 UFC/ml). La prueba de pH indicó crecimientos de 1,4 x 1012, 6,4 x 1011 y 7,5 x 1011 para pH 2, 4,5 y 7 respectivamente y la temperatura, 2,8 x 1012 y 3,1 x 1012 UFC/ml para 38 y 45°C. Durante la fase exponencial se encontraron valores de: 2 x 1011 UFC/ml a las 14:48 horas; 4,29 de pH, 0,62% de acidez, 2,18 mg/l de azúcar y 0,279 mg/l de proteína. Las pruebas de HPLC indicaron la presencia del péptido VAL-TIRL-VAL y 82,9% de ácido láctico. L. lactis posee características in vitro adecuadas para inhibir cepas patógenas presentes en leche con mastitis subclínica de la región de Nariño, Colombia.

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Prévalence des principales bactéries responsables de mammites subcliniques des vaches laitières au nord-est de l’Algérie

Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux ◽

10.19182/remvt.10132 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 65 (1-2) ◽

pp. 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Z. Boufaida Asnoune ◽

M. J. Butel ◽

R. Ouzrout

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Streptococcus Dysgalactiae ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Streptococcus Uberis

Des analyses bactériologiques de 235 prélèvements de lait de vaches laitières atteintes de mammites subcliniques dépistées par le California mastitis test, provenant de dix exploitations du nord-est de l’Algérie, ont été réalisées sur une période de deux ans (2008-10). L’isolement bactérien a concerné 89 p. 100 des échantillons. Parmi les germes isolés, les coques à Gram positif ont été les plus fréquents, notamment des staphylocoques à coagulase négative (43 p. 100) et Staphylococcus aureus (30 p. 100). Escherichia coli a été isolé dans 14 p. 100 des prélèvements. Les autres germes isolés ont été Streptococcus uberis (4 p. 100), Streptococcus agalactiae (3 p. 100), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (3 p. 100), et Klebsiella sp. plus rarement (2 p. 100).

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Perlakuan Celup Puting setelah Pemerahan terhadap Keberadaan Bakteri Patogen, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, dan E. coli pada Sapi Perah Penderita Mastitis Subklinis di Peternakan KUNAK Bogor

Jurnal Sain Veteriner ◽

10.22146/jsv.29293 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 63

Author(s):

Herwin Pisestyani ◽

Etih Sudarnika ◽

Rachmi Ramadhanita ◽

Abdul Zahid Ilyas ◽

Chaerul Basri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Lactation Period ◽

E Coli ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Agar Media ◽

Teat Dipping

Mastitis is udder inflammation that can be caused by the entry of pathogenic bacteria through the teat. One of the treatments that can prevent bacteria infection is teat dipping. This research was aimed to identify the effectof teat dipping after milking to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Escherichia coli) and the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinicalmastitis by quarter of udder. Milk samples were taken from normal lactation period of dairy cows, clinically healthy, and positive subclinical mastitis status when the intervention was applied. Sixty seven samples of quarters from 18dairy cows were identified to the presence of pathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis before teat dipping and at 1st, 2nd, and 3rd months after teat dipping. Identification of the presence of pathogenic bacteria was done byculturing samples on selective agar media. The presence of common pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli decreased significantly after teat dipping, while Streptococcus agalactiae and other pathogenicbacteria did not decrease significantly. The presence of pathogenic bacteria based on the quarter of udder did not show the significance difference. Application of teat dipping after milking was able to decrease the presence ofpathogenic bacteria that cause subclinical mastitis.

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