Leucrose, a Sucrose Isomer, Suppresses Hepatic Fat Accumulation by Regulating Hepatic Lipogenesis and Fat Oxidation in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice

Abstract Objectives High fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity links with prevalence of metabolic dysfunction, including low-grade chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. Dry edible beans (DEBs) play a significant role in human nutrition as a rich source of proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, and various micronutrients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of red kidney beans (RKBs) to attenuate the deleterious effects of HFD in the liver. Methods Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned with one of five experimental diet groups; low fat diet (control), high fat diet, high fat diet with 5% whole beans (HFD + B), high fat diet with 4.5% dehulled beans (HFD + DHB) and high fat diet with 0.5% hull of beans (HFD + HB) and fed for 4 weeks. Results Supplementation of RKB resulted in lower body weight, liver weight, and glucose levels (P < 0.001) in HFD + B and HFD + DHB group compared to HFD group. Adding RKBs downregulated gene expressions related to inflammation (e.g., interleukin 6 (IL-6)) and lipogenesis (e.g., hepatic fatty acid synthase (FASN)) in the liver. Furthermore, RKBs supplemented groups showed reduced hepatic fat accumulation in comparison with the HFD group. Conclusions Supplementation of RKBs and their hulls attenuates hepatic stresses by decreasing the lipogenesis and inflammation, which contribute to enhancing insulin sensitivity. Funding Sources USDA Multi-Hatch, Program: W-3150.

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Hot Water Extract of Mulberry Leaf Ameliorates Hepatic Fat Accumulation and Inflammation in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa045_048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 415-415

Author(s):

Jibin Kim ◽

Chaemin Kim ◽

Mak-Soon Lee ◽

Hyunmi Ko ◽

Soojin Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Water Extract ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hot Water ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Mulberry Leaf ◽

Hot Water Extract ◽

Hepatic Fat

Abstract Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the effect of mulberry leaf extract on hepatic fat accumulation and inflammation in rats fed a high-fat diet. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. Each group fed normal diet (NOR), high-fat diet (HF), or HF supplemented with 0.8% (w/w) hot water extract of mulberry leaf (HF + ME) for 14 weeks. Results The mulberry extract (ME) supplementation reduced body weight and white adipose tissues (epididymal, retroperitoneal, and mesenteric) weights. Serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), free fatty acids (FFAs), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were lower, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was higher in the HF + ME group compared to the HF group. The ME reduced the hepatic total lipid, TG, and TC levels compared to the HF group. The mRNA levels of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, such as CD36, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were down-regulated by the ME supplementation. In addition, the ME lowered the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), compared to the HF group. The serum TNF-α level of the HF + ME group was significantly lower than that of the HF group. Conclusions These results suggested that the ME attenuated high-fat diet-induced hepatic fat accumulation and inflammation via regulating gene expression related to hepatic lipid metabolism and pro-inflammatory mediators. Therefore, it is postulated that the ME might be useful as a functional food ingredient to prevent obesity-induced hepatic fat accumulation and inflammation. Funding Sources None.

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Camellia oleifera seed extract attenuated abdominal and hepatic fat accumulation in rats fed a high-fat diet

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2018-0392 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 320-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hsin-Yi Yang ◽

Wan-Ju Yeh ◽

Jung Ko ◽

Jiun-Rong Chen

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Control Diet ◽

Water Extract ◽

Liquid Diet ◽

Hot Water ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Camellia Oleifera ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Hepatic Fat

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the hot-water extract of defatted Camellia oleifera seeds (CSE) on body and liver fat accumulation in rats. Forty rats were divided into 5 groups and each group was fed either an isocaloric control diet or a high-fat liquid diet with 0% (H), 0.12% (H1), 0.24% (H2), or 0.48% CSE (H3) for 8 weeks. Ingestion of the high-fat liquid diet increased abdominal and liver fat accumulation, although no difference was found in body weights compared with rats fed the control diet. We found that rats fed the H2 and H3 diets had lower plasma alanine aminotransferase activities than the H group in the fourth and eighth weeks. At the end of the study, the H2 and H3 groups also had lower epididymal and retroperitoneal fat masses, and all CSE groups had lower circulatory leptin levels than the H group. CSE consumption decreased hepatic fat accumulation in terms of liver triglycerides and a histopathology analysis, and ameliorated high-fat diet-induced elevation of hepatic tumor necrosis factor-α levels. We also found that CSE groups had lower malondialdehyde and hydroxyproline levels in the liver. Our results suggested that CSE may exert beneficial effects through decreasing body fat accumulation and hepatic steatosis and regulating adipokine levels in diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

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Effect of curcumin on hepatic heme oxygenase 1 expression in high fat diet fed rats: is there a triangular relationship?

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2014-0174 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 92 (10) ◽

pp. 805-812 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yıldız Öner-İyidoğan ◽

Sevda Tanrıkulu-Küçük ◽

Muhammed Seyithanoğlu ◽

Hikmet Koçak ◽

Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Heme Oxygenase ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Control Diet ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

High Fat ◽

Curcumin Treatment ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Hepatic Fat

High fat diet (HFD) is associated with oxidative stress induced fatty liver. Curcumin, an extract of Curcuma longa, has been shown to possess potent antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of curcumin treatment on hepatic heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression along with pro-oxidant–antioxidant status and lipid accumulation in rats fed an HFD. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were distributed among 4 groups: Group 1, which was fed the control diet (10% of total calories from fat); Group 2, which was fed the HFD (60% of total calories from fat); and groups 3 and 4, which received the HFD supplemented with curcumin and the control diet supplemented with curcumin (1 g/kg diet; w/w), respectively, for 16 weeks. HFD caused increases in hepatic lipid levels, production of reactive oxygen species, and lipid peroxidation. Further, HO-1 expression was significantly decreased. Histopathological examination showed hepatic fat accumulation and slight fibrotic changes. Curcumin treatment reduced hepatic lipids and oxidative stress parameters, and HO-1 expression was significantly increased. These findings suggest that increased HO-1 expression, along with suppressed oxidative stress as well as reduced hepatic fat accumulation and fibrotic changes, contribute to the beneficial effects of curcumin in attenuating the pathogenesis of fatty liver induced metabolic diseases.

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Transgenic MSH overexpression attenuates the metabolic effects of a high-fat diet

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00555.2006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 293 (1) ◽

pp. E121-E131 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Michelle Lee ◽

Andrea Kim ◽

Streamson C. Chua ◽

Silvana Obici ◽

Sharon L. Wardlaw

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Male And Female ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Low Fat Diet ◽

Hepatic Fat ◽

Biochemical Analyses

To determine whether long-term melanocortinergic activation can attenuate the metabolic effects of a high fat diet, mice overexpressing an NH2-terminal POMC transgene that includes α- and γ3-MSH were studied on either a 10% low-fat diet (LFD) or 45% high-fat diet (HFD). Weight gain was modestly reduced in transgenic (Tg-MSH) male and female mice vs. wild type (WT) on HFD ( P < 0.05) but not LFD. Substantial reductions in body fat percentage were found in both male and female Tg-MSH mice on LFD ( P < 0.05) and were more pronounced on HFD ( P < 0.001). These changes occurred in the absence of significant feeding differences in most groups, consistent with effects of Tg-MSH on energy expenditure and partitioning. This is supported by indirect calorimetry studies demonstrating higher resting oxygen consumption and lower RQ in Tg-MSH mice on the HFD. Tg-MSH mice had lower fasting insulin levels and improved glucose tolerance on both diets. Histological and biochemical analyses revealed that hepatic fat accumulation was markedly reduced in Tg-MSH mice on the HFD. Tg-MSH also attenuated the increase in corticosterone induced by the HFD. Higher levels of Agrp mRNA, which might counteract effects of the transgene, were measured in Tg-MSH mice on LFD ( P = 0.02) but not HFD. These data show that long-term melanocortin activation reduces body weight, adiposity, and hepatic fat accumulation and improves glucose metabolism, particularly in the setting of diet-induced obesity. Our results suggest that long-term melanocortinergic activation could serve as a potential strategy for the treatment of obesity and its deleterious metabolic consequences.

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