scholarly journals COMUNIDAD DE MAMÍFEROS NO VOLADORES EN UN ÁREA PERIURBANA ANDINA, CUNDINAMARCA, COLOMBIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Fernanda Liévano Latorre ◽  
Hugo Fernando López Arévalo
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
The Government

<p>A pesar de los cambios antrópicos en los Andes colombianos, todavía se encuentran relictos de ecosistemas nativos con valor para la conservación, siendo los únicos remanentes de hábitat para vida silvestre en áreas cercanas a grandes ciudades. Presentamos resultados de una investigación realizada en la Reserva privada Passiflora (cerca de Bogotá), que buscó examinar la diversidad de la comunidad de mamíferos no voladores. Combinando diferentes métodos encontramos 17 especies, pertenecientes a siete órdenes, que sugieren que ésta es una comunidad compleja a pesar de la intervención antrópica en la zona. Destacamos la presencia de especies raras o endémicas como <em>Olallamys albicauda</em>, <em>Cuniculus taczanowskii</em> y <em>Leopardus tigrinus</em>. Nuestro estudio indica que pese a la transformación de los Andes colombianos, es posible encontrar elementos representativos de su mastofauna incluso en pequeñas reservas privadas, añadiendo valor a estas iniciativas particulares que complementan las iniciativas nacionales de conservación de la biodiversidad.</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Despite the anthropic changes in the Colombian Andes, there are still several relicts of native ecosystems with conservation value, which are the only habitat remnants for wildlife in areas near large cities. We present results of a research conducted at the Passiflora private Reserve (near Bogota) which aimed to evaluate the diversity of the community of non-flying mammals. Combining diverse methods, we found 17 mammal species, belonging to seven orders, suggesting a complex mammal community despite the human intervention in the area. Besides, we highlight the presence of rare or endemic species such as <em>Olallamys albicauda</em>, <em>Cuniculus taczanowskii</em> and <em>Leopardus tigrinus</em>. We conclude that despite the transformation of the Andes, it is still possible to find representative elements of Andean mammal fauna, even in private small reserves, adding value to these particular initiatives, which complement the government conservation efforts.</p>

scholarly journals Mammals of medium and large size from a fragmented seasonal forest landscape in Mato Grosso do Sul state, central-western Brazil

Check List ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Hannibal
Keyword(s):  
Management Plan ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Field Sampling ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Mammal Community ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The southern cone of Mato Grosso do Sul state is poorly known in terms of mammal community composition. This information is very important to propose an environmental management plan. The present study provides information on the composition of medium and large size mammals in the municipality of Batayporã, in the Ivinhema river basin, southwestern Brazil. The mammal community was sampled during 19 field sampling occasions by the identification of vestiges, such as burrows, feces, vocalization and tracks, as well as through direct observations. I recorded 24 mammal species distributed in eight taxonomic orders. Thirteen species were frequently recorded, six species were rarely recorded, and six species are considered threatened in Brazil or in global level. The area presents almost half of the medium and large-sized mammal fauna from Mato Grosso do Sul state, but fragmentation and sugarcane plantations may represent a threat to the local biodiversity conservation.

scholarly journals We Will Feed Our and a New World: Several Cases of Food Ways of Frontier Regions. Part 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-184
Author(s):  
Serguey N. Yakushenkov
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Food System ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Cuisine ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Cultural Types

This article is the second part of the study of regional foodways. If the first part is devoted to the analysis of the foodscape of Astrakhan, the second part analyzes the food system of the Republic of Peru. The choice of this object of study is based on the frontier nature of the region, the diversity of economic and cultural types, and hybridity. All these factors allow us to compare the ways of formation of the foodways of these regions. The Peruvian alimentary landscape began to form in the 16th century, after the conquest of Peru by the Spanish conquistadors. As a result of mutual influences and struggles between elements of autochthonous and alien cultures, a new "hybrid" phenomenon takes shape. The turning point in the development of national cuisine was in the 1930s, when, as a result of gastropolitical strategies, the government managed to create a food system accessible to the workers of large cities. The opening of “people's restaurants” allowed workers to have calorie-dense food. It also contributed to the creation of a national food system. The search for national identity among the Peruvian elite led to the “discovery” of their national roots. The fact that Peruvian culture was based on natural and ethnic diversity made the country's alimentary system diverse and rich. This process coincided with global trends in the approach to food in the sense of a focus on “simple” and “healthy” peasant foods, as opposed to foods undergone of maximum processing. Ultimately, this was manifested in the creation of a “new Andean cuisine” that embraced Peru's centuries-old traditions and the country's natural diversity. In doing so, Peruvian restaurateurs used both familiar approaches to business and invented new ones that went beyond the culinary arts. As a result of the efforts of many culinary masters and restaurateurs, in competition with internationally renowned culinary brands, a new global culinary brand has been created, recognized around the world.

The striking endemism pattern of the species-richest snake genus Atractus (Dipsadidae: Serpentes) highlights the hidden diversity in the Andes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Andrés D. Pomar-Gómez ◽  
Paulo Cordeiro ◽  
Thaís B. Guedes ◽  
Paulo Passos
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Species Range ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Forest Mountain

Abstract The distribution of the highly diversified and species-rich snake genus Atractus was assessed in search for endemism areas. The dataset of 6000 museum specimens was used to run an Endemicity Analyses in order to identify areas of biogeographic relevance for the genus Atractus. By using distinct methodological approaches and modifying the size and shape of grid cells we obtained a better adjustment to each species range, taking into account species distributed along the Andean and Atlantic Forest mountain ranges or certain vegetation constraints. Three scales of endemism were observed: micro endemic areas, represented by three different regions; intermediate sized endemic areas, represented by nine different regions; and macro-endemic areas, represented by four different provinces. Although most assessed regions corroborate well-defined biogeographic units according to the scientific literature, some, mainly located in the Colombian Andes, are not regularly considered in biogeographic syntheses carried out for vertebrates. Methodological approaches, along with a well curated database and taxonomic accuracy, may significantly influence the recovery of endemism areas, mainly considering mountain topography and local niche structure. The results present herein highlight the relevance of three Colombian Cordilleras, in order to completely understand Neotropical biota patterns of distribution. It is important to note that a well-resolved taxonomy represents both the framework and the first step toward a comprehensive biographical synthesis reducing Wallacean shortfalls in biodiversity.

Mammals

Monteverde ◽  
2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Timm ◽  
Richard K. LaVal
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Habitat Changes ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Neotropical Mammals ◽  
Life Zone ◽  
Systematic Relationships ◽  
Diverse Groups

Costa Rica is one of the most biotically diverse countries on earth, with 4% of known terrestrial plant and animal species in only 0.04% of the world’s land surface. The country’s mammal fauna is equally diverse, with more than 207 species (4.8% of the world’s 4629 species) in an area of 51,022 km2. The majority of the world’s mammal species and Monteverde’s fauna are small (< 0.5 kg), nocturnal, and secretive. We know considerably less about most neotropical mammals and other vertebrates than we do about birds, which are more easily observed and communicate with sounds audible to humans. Although certain species of mammals have been studied in Costa Rica (Janzen 1983a, Timm 1994, Vaughan and Rodríguez 1994), and Monteverde is one of the best-known regions of the country biologically, there has been little work on the ecology, distribution, abundance, altitudinal zonation, systematic relationships, and biogeography of most mammals. Deforestation and other human disturbances have had a significant impact on the native mammals of the region; knowledge of Monteverde’s mammals is vital to understand how habitat changes affect tropical montane mammals. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the mammal fauna of the Monteverde area. We discuss the biology and abundance of some of the area’s species, document how these are changing, and explore conservation issues. Most of the research on mammals at Monteverde has centered on bats or rodents, the two most diverse groups. Much of our knowledge of other species consists of isolated observations. We augment published reports with unpublished observations made by ourselves and colleagues. We also examined most of the Monteverde mammal specimens in museum collections to verify species identifications and to understand better their systematics, ecology, and distribution. We integrate this information into a list of the mammals that occur in the region, document their occurrence in each life zone, and estimate their overall abundance.

Description of a new species of Andaeschna (Odonata: Aeshnidae) from the Western Colombian Andes

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4615 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-600
Author(s):  
CORNELIO ANDRÉS BOTA-SIERRA ◽  
JULIANA SANDOVAL-H ◽  
FREDY PALACINO-RODRÍGUEZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Northwestern Argentina ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
A New Species

Andaeschna is a small and poorly known genus of dragonflies that inhabits the Andes, from Venezuela to northwestern Argentina. Here we describe Andaeschna occidentalis sp. nov., first species of the genus recorded in the Western Andes, specifically from the Tatamá National Park in Colombia. Males of this species can be differentiated from the other four species in the genus by the unique shape of the distal segment of the vesica spermalis. Likewise, females can be distinguished by their smaller and broader cerci (slightly shorter than S9) and its subquadrate point. The discovery of this beautiful species expands the range of the genus, previously known only in the Eastern Andes. 

scholarly journals Mammal richness and diversity in Serra do Facão region, Southeastern Goiás state, central Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo de Paula Gomes ◽  
Clarisse Rezende Rocha ◽  
Reuber Albuquerque Brandão ◽  
Jader Marinho-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Reservoir Filling

At least 251 mammal species are recorded for the Brazilan cerrado, which, therefore, is the third richest Brazilian biome. Most mammal surveys in Brazilian cerrado result from studies performed opportunistically and in short time periods. The aims of the present study were (1) provide a checklist for the mammalian fauna based on a five-year sampling in Serra do Facão region, Southeastern Goiás state; (2) compare small non-flying mammals diversity in open and forest areas and (3) compare species diversity before and after the flood caused by a hydroelectric reservoir filling. The data was gathered in 19 sampling periods, from May 2008 to September 2013. We sampled open and forest habitats and captured non-flying small mammals with Sherman and Tomahawk live traps and pitfalls; bats were sampled with mist-nets; large mammals were recorded with camera traps, and by direct observations and track surveys in field. We found 20 species of small non-flying mammals, 10 species of bats and 33 species of larger mammals. Species diversity was greater for forest than open habitats, and was also greater before than after the complete reservoir filling. About 10% of the recorded species are included in the Brazilian official list of threatened species. The total richness represents 25% of all cerrado mammal fauna, highlighting the importance of this area for regional mammal fauna conservation.

scholarly journals Perception of risk from electric and magnetic fields: Stress effects and psychological aspects

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-506
Author(s):  
Marilda Emmanuel Novaes Lipp ◽  
Flavio Eitor Barbieri ◽  
Leonel Santánna ◽  
Ana Paula Justo ◽  
Ana Carolina Cabral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Fields ◽  
The Government

The present study aimed to investigate the perception of risk in the Brazilian population related to electric and magnetic fields. Six hundred adults were recruited from the surrounding communities. Three hundred of them lived in large cities and an equal number lived in small towns. A short questionnaire was constructed to assess risk perception, trust in government to control risk exposure, level of comfort with exposure to extra-low-frequency electromagnetic fields, measures perceived as necessary to reduce emotional discomfort, and trust in the regulatory agencies. The Lipp Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults was applied to assess stress levels. Findings indicate that the majority of the participants in this study did not trust the Government to provide protective measures from exposure to electric and magnetic fields, did not trust the regulatory agencies, felt that there is no adequate risk control and thought about it frequently, and some felt that line installations were being performed in excess and that this should be stopped. Results endorse the need for risk education and indicate that risk perception and feelings should be considered before starting new line installations. Risk communication should incorporate knowledge regarding social cognition since a large proportion of the people were concerned about electric and magnetic fields. Lack of communication can lead to a rejection of necessary transmission line installation, and to unnecessary or exaggerated fear.

scholarly journals Cave bats in Jamaica

Oryx ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Evolution And Development

Jamaica has 22 native mammal species. One of these is an endangered rodent, the Jamaican hutia Geocapromys browni; the rest are all bats. Fifteen of these bats depend entirely or significantly on caves as roost sites, including two endemic species and seven endemic subspecies. These cave-dwelling bats often form large colonies whose guano deposits are of significant economic value as fertilizer, but which are vulnerable to disturbance and roost destruction. The author, who has visited and worked in many of Jamaica's bat caves over the past eight years, is currently researching the evolution and development of the Antillean bat faunas.

scholarly journals Aboriginal knowledge of the mammals of the central deserts of Australia

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Burbidge ◽  
K. A. Johnson ◽  
P. J. Fuller ◽  
R. I. Southgate
Keyword(s):  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Terrestrial Mammal ◽  
Sudden Loss ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
Profound Knowledge ◽  
Preferred Habitat ◽  
The Subject

More than one-third of the terrestrial mammal species of the central deserts of Australia have vanished in the past 50 years. Few of these have been the subject of even preliminary scientific study, and data as basic as geographic range and preferred habitat are lacking for many species. Aborigines, many of whom lived traditionally in the central deserts until recently, still retain a profound knowledge of the mammals, but this knowledge, too, is fast disappearing. Aboriginal people living in communities scattered through and around the edges of the 1645 000 km2 of the study area, comprising the Great Sandy, Little Sandy, Tanami, Gibson and Great Victoria Deserts and the Central Ranges district, were shown museum skins and asked to provide information about local names, current and past status, and aspects of biology and ecology. Most species, including some thought to have become extinct early this century, persisted in the deserts until 30–50 years ago. New data are presented on former distribution and on the biology and ecology of many species. The mammal fauna of the central deserts was richer and more widespread than generally believed, but the area has suffered a massive and sudden loss of species, probably unparalleled in extent elsewhere in Australia.

Impact of COVID-19 on the system of higher education

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
S.L. Talanov ◽  
◽  
F.Yu. Kushnarev ◽  
D.T. Berezin ◽  
E.S. Rumyantseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
High Resource ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Analyzed is the impact of restrictions on higher educational system introduced by the Government of the Russian Federation in connection with spread of coronavirus infection COVID-19. Sociological study (online survey) was conducted among students, enrolled in budgetary and extra-budgetary forms of education, as well as among graduates of secondary schools (11th classes), located in small, medium and large cities of Yaroslavl region. In addition, video interviews were conducted, using Zoom service among number of applicants, parents of applicants, teachers, positional experts. It was established, that emergence and spread of COVID-19 and limitations, associated with it, made certain adjustments to strategies of applicants and students. Despite all changes that have arisen due to coronavirus infection, only a small part of applicants and students studying on extrabudgetary basis, decided to change their plans. It is concluded, that for significant part of applicants, obtaining higher education is an attempt to continue to remain in a familiar comfortable environment (continuation of “childhood”). Despite constant stresses at school, expectation from prospect of losing a measured, familiar, predictable life is even more stressful. Parents from families, belonging to medium-resource and high-resource groups, as a rule, support decision of their children to keep on studying. In this case, decision to enter university is made long before graduation. Parents from low-resource groups, as a rule, try to give profession, not a higher education. At the same time, it was revealed, that children from families, belonging to low-resource groups, for the most part, anyway note that if they had necessary resources, they would try to get higher education. In addition, the authors conclude, that decision on admission to university is greatly influenced by not at all economic capital of family, how much family’s value, as well as influence of the reference person.

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