scholarly journals Socio-economic views of P. B. Struve (to the 150th anniversary of his birth)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-214
Author(s):  
Dmitrii K. Stozhko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Thought ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Price Theory ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Price Equilibrium ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Figure

Introduction. In 2020 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of P. B. Struve, an outstanding Russian scientist, economist and philosopher, public and political figure. The aim of the study is to evaluate the scientific contribution of P. B. Struve to the development of Russian socio-economic thought, taking into account the existing new social reality. Materials and Methods. The study used the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalizations and axiology, as well as historical and retrospective, historical and genetic and hermeneutical methods of studying problematic issues in the history of economic science. The study is based on primary sources: the economic works of P. B. Struve himself and his contemporaries. Results. Among the most significant political and economic ideas of P. B. Struve, the scientific concepts formulated by him of the “state-master” and “human fitness” are highlighted. The differences between P. B. Struve and V. I. Lenin in understanding the nature and nature of land rent are shown. The scientist’s contribution to the development of price theory and pricing issues is revealed. The conclusion is drawn on the political and economic essence and content of the socio-economic views of P. B. Struve as an ideology of economic humanism. Discussion and Conclusion. Domestic and foreign studies of the views of P. B. Struve of the second half of the 20th and the first decades of the 21st centuries are noted. The assessment of the concept of macroeconomic (price) equilibrium by P. B. Struve in comparison with similar ideas of A. Marshall, A. Pareto, L. Walras, J. R. Hicks is given. The main stages in the evolution of the socio-economic views of P. B. Struve are highlighted.

scholarly journals The Political Economy of S. N. Bulgakov (to the 150th anniversary of his birth)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-190
Author(s):  
Dmitrii K. Stozhko ◽  
Konstantin P. Stozhko
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
Scientific Contribution ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Christian Socialism

Introduction. 2021 marks the 150th anniversary of the birth of S. N. Bulgakov, an outstanding Russian scientist, economist and philosopher. The aim of the study is to assess the scientific contribution of S. N. Bulgakov to the development of Russian socio-economic thought. Materials and Methods. The work was written on the basis of the economic writings of S. N. Bulgakov, documents and materials of that era, as well as contemporary Russian and foreign publications. The article uses a dialectical approach, methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, structural-functional and program-targeted research methods. Results. The article reveals the scientific contribution of S. N. Bulgakov to the formulation and solution of urgent problems of the humanities and economics. The place and role of S. N. Bulgakov in the history of Russian and world science are revealed. The problems of the fundamental work of S. N. Bulgakov “Capitalism and Agriculture” (1900) and his other economic studies are considered in detail. An assessment is given to the ideas of the formation of a humanistic political economy, the doctrine of “Christian socialism”, the relationship between the principles of spiritual, moral and rationalistic approaches in the study of the national economy. The specific views of the scientist on the agrarian economy are shown: agrarian overpopulation, the nature of agricultural labor, the operation of the law of diminishing land fertility, the peculiarities of domestic agriculture, the nature of land rent. The idea of the legitimacy of the ideas and conclusions of S. N. Bulgakov about the nature and prospects of the development of capitalism in Russia, the spread of small and medium-sized forms of organization of agrarian production, understanding of the agrarian economy in the “broad” and “narrow” sense is substantiated. Discussion and Conclusion. A comparative analysis of the views of S. N. Bulgakov, N. I. Bukharin, K. Marx, V. I. Lenin, A. Smith, A. V. Chayanov on the general theoretical aspects of the development of agricultural production is carried out. Shown are modern studies devoted to the ideas of S. N. Bulgakov in the field of socio-economic analysis.

scholarly journals D. I. MENDELEEV AS THE ECONOMISTS (to the 150th Anniversary of the Periodic Table)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Dmitriy K. Stozhko ◽  
Konstantin P. Stozhko
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Market Economy System ◽  
History Of ◽  
Value Determination

Introduction. In 2019 the 150th anniversary of the famous Periodic Table of the great Russian scientist, chemist and economist D. I. Mendeleev will be celebrated. The idea of polymorphism, laid down in the basis of the periodic law discovered by him, has not been practically considered in application to the market economy system, although the practical relevance and perspective of such analysis are becoming more evident in the conditions of modern globalism. The appeal to the little explored aspects of the economic heritage of D. I. Mendeleev makes it possible in many ways to take a fresh look at the prospects for the development of the Russian economy. Materials and Methods. The research uses methods of analysis, synthesis, generalizations and axiology, as well as historical-retrospective, historical-genetic and hermeneutic methods of studying problem questions in the history of economic science. The research is based on the original sources: the economic works of D. I. Mendeleev and his contemporaries – economists. Results. The article reveals little-studied aspects of socio-economic views of D. I. Mendeleev. Among his most significant theoretical and economic achievements, the idea of polymorphism applied to markets, the theory of the territorial distribution of productive forces, the law of advanced development of the production of means of production, the concept of incentive taxation, the protectionist draft of the customs tariff and the concept of value determination of economic activity are highlighted. The attitude of D. I. Mendeleev to the economic concepts of S. Yu. Witte, F. Liszt, K. Marx, I. G. von Thünen, as well as his idea of the main directions of the development of the Russian economy are shown. Discussion and Conclusions. The authors characterized special and general studies of foreign and domestic authors on various aspects of the economic heritage of D. I. Mendeleev. Conclusions are made about the urgency of the idea of polymorphism proposed by D. I. Mendeleev in analyzing the morphology of the market economy, the principle of protectionism in the context of the current aggravation of international competition, and his judgment on the need for priority development of innovative industries of domestic industry, taking into account the modern industrial revolution and the transition to a new technological order.

OTTO NEURATH AND THE LINGUISTIC TURN IN ECONOMICS

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Turk
Keyword(s):  
Vienna Circle ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Price Theory ◽  
Henri Poincaré ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
History Of

In the history of economic thought Otto Neurath, who is known foremost for spearheading the development of the Vienna Circle of philosophers, has served largely as a foil for his advocacy of in-kind calculation and economic planning. Yet Neurath, who was trained as an economist and wrote extensively about economics, including its philosophical foundations, held an abiding interest in the use of language in science, and was strongly influenced by turn-of-the-twentieth-century conventionalists, among them Henri Poincaré and Pierre Duhem. Consequently, Neurath’s critique of what he saw as the conceptual flaws of economics and its too narrow framework as price theory was rooted as much in its imprecise and ‘unsorted’ use of language as in his critical view of capitalism. As such, he anticipated the ‘linguistic turn’ in economics that gained prominence only a half-century later, without any recognition of his presaging role.

From Freakonomics to Political Economy

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Fine ◽  
Dimitris Milonakis
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Neoclassical Economics ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

AbstractIn this response to the symposium on our two books we try to deal as fully as possible in the brief space available with most of the major issues raised by our distinguished commentators. Although at least three of them are in agreement with the main thrust of the arguments put forward in our books, they all raise important issues relating to methodology, the history of economic thought (including omissions), and a number of more specific issues. Our answer is based on the restatement of the chief purpose of our two books, describing the intellectual history of the evolution of economic science emphasising the role of the excision of the social and the historical from economic theorising in the transition from (classical) political economy to (neoclassical) economics, only for the two to be reunited through the vulgar form of economics imperialism following the monolithic dominance of neoclassical economics at the expense of pluralism after the Second World War. The importance of political economy for the future of economic science is vigorously argued for.

scholarly journals 200 Years To Political Economy in Vilnius University

Ekonomika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egidija Laumenskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Special Event ◽  
Concise Overview ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vilnius University

This paper gives a concise overview of the development of the economic thought in Lithuania mentioning the very special event in the history of the economic science - the establishment of the Department of Political Economy in Vilnius University in 1803 as the first Department of Political Economy in the world.

Methodological Institutionalism: A New Approach to the Evolution of Economic Science

2008 ◽  
pp. 90-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Frolov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Thought ◽  
History Of Economic Thought ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Scientific Cognition ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institutional Traps

In the article the perspective approach in philosophy of science - methodological institutionalism - is discussed which regards economic ideas as scientific and ideological institutions. This approach allows to apply tools of modern institutional theory to the history of economic thought. The evolutionary analysis of science should put an emphasis on studying status interests of scientists, local rationalities and informal hierarchies of scientific communities, informal norms and values, epistemological institutional "traps" and models of scientific cognition.

scholarly journals Replacing Cost-Based Theories of Value with Marginalist and Behavioral as a Key Factor of Improving Economic Theory and Enhancing its Credibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
Yakov Yadgarov
Keyword(s):  
Marginal Utility ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Behavioral Theories ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Theory Of Value

The purpose of the research is providing the basis for the following hypothesis: the quest for enhancement of economic science and regaining its credibility in history of economic thought has led to innovations made by adherents of marginalism, institutionalism and unorthodox neoclassical economics. It marked the start of high-quality thinking on theory of value from the prospective of its marginalist and behavioral versions. The text demonstrates the orthodox character of cost-oriented approach in theory of value, used by fathers of political economy, whose conclusions on commodity value were connected either with labor costs or with total costs of production. It was revealed that the first-wave marginalist economics defined marginal utility as a key price-determining factor, and due to it value therefore can be created only in consumption. The research also found that the second-wave marginalists considered that there are two main elements, which determine price, these are: marginal utility and marginal cost. This conclusion enabled them to overcome the subjectivism and psychologism in theory of value. The supporters of behavioral approach in theory of value put an emphasis on psychologically-based behavior of an individual, as well as on legal foundations of institutional behavior. As a conclusion, the article states that marginalist and behavioral theories of value are rather feasible, as they complement each other and could be applied in modern economic conditions, enhancing the genuine credibility of the economic science.

THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC lJTIHAD IN THE REGULATION AND CORRECTION OF CAPITAL MARKETS

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-66
Author(s):  
Taha Jabir Al-'Alwani
Keyword(s):  
Capital Markets ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Economic Choice ◽  
Ethics And Economics ◽  
History Of

I am hesitant to speak on the role of ijtihiid in an Islamic capital market,because this topic requires understanding two important but difficultareas whose primary sources are in different languages. The first area isijtihiid which is connected withfiqh issues; the majority of its sources arein Arabic. The second area is economics which is connected with theanalysis of capital markets; the majority of its sources are in Europeanlanguages. Linking ethics and economics is necessary but difficult.Necessary, because every economic choice has a spiritual dimension.Difficult, because secular economics severs the link, by reducing valuesto tastes and arguing that different ethical values do not change themethod of choice. Therefore, properly linking ijtihiid and economics is adifficult task, requiring determined effort to refute the secular separationof ethics and economics. I spent over 100 hours thinking, reading, andanalyzing the essential points of both until I could establish commonground between them.Ijtihad is of central importance in usul al-fiqh, and concerns themethod of implementing the spirit of the sacred texts in any environment.Since the third century A.H., ijtihd has been the main theme ofdialog between the different schools of fiqh. To this day scholars debatethe issue.Economics is an important science in our time, influencing severalother sciences. Since the capital market is a significant topic in economics,it is important to understand the strengths and weaknesses of the neoclassicalanalysis of capital markets' in developing an Islamic capitalmarket. We must also understand the history of economic thought, howcapital markets became an important part of it, and why many ...

scholarly journals Chen Huanzhang and his role in studying the history of Chinese economic thought in the West at the beginning of the 20th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-540
Author(s):  
Olga Borokh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Education ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
The West ◽  
Chinese Tradition ◽  
Moral Standards ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

The article explores the experience of introducing traditional Chinese economic ideas to Western scholars, using the example of Chen Huanzhang’s book “The Economic Principles of Confucius and his School” (1911). Chen Huanzhang was the first Chinese scholar who acted as an intellectual mediator in disseminating knowledge about Chinese economic thought in the West against the background of predominant efforts at bringing the achievements of Western economics to China. Chen Huanzhang spoke from the standpoint of Confucianism, and a unique combination of classical Chinese and American economic education enabled him to integrate deep knowledge of Chinese tradition with mastering the basics of Western methodology. Using little-known primary sources, the article analyzes the specifics of structure and economic terminology of Chen Huanzhang’s work, with priority attention paid to his interpretation of relations between production and consumption based on ancient Chinese classics. It was demonstrated that Chen Huanzhang strived to produce a modernized interpretation of consumption aimed at regulating human desires that was compatible with demands of economic development and the inheritance of traditional moral standards. Evaluation of the impact of the book on Western academic circles is based on the study of reviews published in the early 1910s (the author of one of them being J. M. Keynes). The final section of the article identifies the reasons for the evident growth of interest in the work of Chen Huanzhang in China, where he was forgotten for a long time.

Place and Role of A.I.Chuprov in Russian Economic Science of Late XIX Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Khudokormov ◽  
Mikhail Pokidchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Science ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Economic Studies

The article gives a description of A. I. Chuprov, as a prominent Russian scientist, teacher and public figure of the last third of the XIX century. Particularly in detail the contribution of A. I. Chuprova in the development of the history of economic studies and applied disciplines such as the economy of transport and the economy of agriculture.

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