scholarly journals Exploring a South-South Dialogue: Spanish American Reception of Rabindranath Tagore

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilanjana Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Pablo Neruda ◽  
Rabindranath Tagore ◽  
Gabriela Mistral ◽  
History Of ◽  
Victoria Ocampo ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Latin American Countries

 This article concentrates on Rabindranath’s reception in a few Latin American countries. In the history of Latin America, early twentieth century was a crucial time when various Latin American countries were striving to come out of Europe’s grasp and establish an identity of their own. Yet, in the multifarious and multiracial society of Latin America it was difficult to define their ‘own’. At such a critical juncture of history, Rabindranath represented an alternative to various Latin American authors. He was, to them, a representative of a British colony who had been recognised and acknowledged by Europe, and thus symbolized a power/knowledge equivalent to that of Europe. This paper, divided in three parts, explores this reception and its impact, firstly by analyzing the history of the direct contact; then by focusing on the Latin American translations of Rabindranath’s works; and finally, by re-reading a few essays and critical-writings on Rabindranath. Among others, the paper alludes to Victoria Ocampo (1890-1979), the first and perhaps the only Latin American author who came in direct contact with Rabindranath; and some of the most important Nobel Laureates of Latin America, like Gabriela Mistral (1889-1957) and Pablo Neruda (1904-1973), to show how these authors and poets received Rabindranath in their own contexts.  Este artículo se concentra en la recepción de Rabindranath Tagore en algunos países de América Latina. En la historia de este continente, los primeros años del siglo XX fueron cruciales, porque muchos países de América Latina estaban esforzándose por destruir el control de Europa y establecer una identidad propia. Sin embargo, era difícil definir “lo propio” en una sociedad tan múltiple y multirracial. En un momento tan complejo de la historia, Tagore personificaba una alternativa para algunos autores de América Latina. Él era como un representante del “tercer mundo” que había ganado el reconocimiento de Europa, de los colonizadores; por tal motivo, su poder/sabiduría era tan fuerte como el de los británicos. Este artículo, dividido en tres partes, busca primero explorar la historia del contacto directo entre el poeta hindú y algunos escritores latinoamericanos; segundo, analizar varias traducciones de las obras de Tagore, hechas por latinoamericanos; y, finalmente, discutir unos ensayos y textos críticos realizados por estudiosos de América Latina sobre Tagore. El artículo se centra en Victoria Ocampo (1890-1979), la única autora del mundo hispano con quien Tagore tenía un contacto directo, y también en poetas de nombre mundial como Gabriela Mistral (1889-1957) y Pablo Neruda (1904-1973), para explicar cómo ellos recibieron a Tagore.

scholarly journals Planeacion estratégica en Instituciones del Sector Publico de América Latina (Strategic planning in Latin America public sector institutions)

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Alberto Leer Guillén
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
World Class ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Latin American Countries

<p>Este artículo presenta la implementación de planes estratégicos por medio de la metodología de clase mundial del Balanced Scorecard de Kaplan y Norton en ministerios de varios países de América Latina, así como las adaptaciones necesarias, experiencias y lecciones aprendidas en el proceso.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This article presents the implementation of strategic plans using the methodology of Kaplan and Norton´s world class balanced scorecard with required adaptations in several Latin American countries ministries, and the knowledge and lessons learned in the process<strong><br /></strong></p>

scholarly journals La violencia homicida en América Latina

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Briceño-León
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
World Health ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
Homicide Rates ◽  
Social Classification ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Latin American Countries

RESUMEN: El artículo analiza la situación de la violencia homicida en América Latina, cuál es su ubicación en la situación mundial de violencia y cuáles serían las posibles explicaciones para el lugar que ocupa. Utilizando la base de datos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud se clasifican las regiones por su tasa de homicidios y se ubica a América Latina como la región más violenta. Los países de América Latina son clasificados en cuatro grupos de acuerdo a la relación de su tasa de homicidios con la tasa media mundial y se caracterizan socialmente las víctimas.Para interpretar esa situación se relacionan con los niveles de urbanización y pobreza y se presentan los factores que pueden originar, fomentar y facilitar el incremento o disminución de los homicidios y su potencial utilidad en las políticas públicas.ABSTRACT: This article explores the situation of homicide violence in Latin America, its position within the worlds violence situation and the possible explanations for that position. Using the data bases of the World Health Organization, regions are classified by their homicide rates, which puts Latin America as the most violent region. Latin American countries are set in four groups according to the relation of their homicide rates with the world’s rate, and a social classification of victims is built. For interpreting this situation, those factors are put in relation with the levels of urbanization and poverty, and the possible causes of the increase or decrease of homicides are presented, as well as their potential utility for public policy making.

Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
pp. 181-197
Author(s):  
Nicola Miller
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Latin American Countries

This chapter recounts the Latin American countries that welcomed foreign innovation and expertise for technically demanding infrastructure projects. It mentions how the American continent's first railways were built by Spanish American engineers under contract to the respective states, contrary to the common belief that British or US American companies always led the way. It also focuses on the visibility and intensity of public concern about the relationship between science and sovereignty in late nineteenth-century Latin America. The chapter reviews the overlooked history of resistance in Latin American countries on handing over infrastructure projects to private companies, especially if they were foreign owned. It disputes conceptions of the role of the state and provides further evidence for the argument that free-market liberals did not have their own way in nineteenth-century Latin America.

Industrialization and Stabilization Dilemmas in Latin America

1959 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-599
Author(s):  
David Felix
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Recognition ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
State Subsidies ◽  
Latin American Countries

Industrial growth and chronic, in many cases severe, inflation are two salient features of the past-war economic history of the larger Latin American countries. There is general recognition that the two phenomena are related, at least in the sense that industry has been one of the major recipients of state subsidies and inflationary credit. But beyond this, analysis divides into the usual demand inflation and cost-push categories.

Political Development and Socioeconomic Development: The Case of Latin America

1968 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 889-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin C. Needler
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Military Intervention ◽  
Past History ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Latin American Countries

One way of acquiring insight into the processes of political development in Latin America is to compare the countries of the area systematically in terms of the “degree of development” which each can be said to have attained. Ideally, such an enterprise can lead to the understanding of the past history of the “more developed” countries by reference to the present problems of the “less developed” while an understanding of the problems confronting the more developed countries can make possible a glimpse into the future of those now less developed. Isolation of the factors responsible for a state's being more or less developed can moreover prove instructive for the understanding of the relations between political and socioeconomic phenomena.Perhaps most important, such comparisons provide the means for holding constant effects attributable to characteristics shared by all, or nearly all, of the Latin American countries. Thus it can be argued with much plausibility that military intervention in politics, say, derives from elements in the Hispanic tradition. Yet it is clear that the frequency of military intervention varies from country to country, even where they share equally in that tradidition. Thus one is forced to go beyond the “Hispanic tradition” thesis with which the investigation might otherwise have come to rest.In the present article I will be concerned with the problem of the relation of political development to socioeconomic development in the Latin American context. For reasons that will become apparent below, I will not at this point attempt a rigorous analysis of the concept of political development, which has already been the subject of a large and rapidly growing literature.

The Hidden Face of Violence in Latin America: Assessing the Criminalization of Protest in Comparative Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 183-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Doran
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
State Response ◽  
Abusive Behavior ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Latin American Countries

The criminalization of social movements and protest remains underanalyzed as a problem intrinsic to democracy. Comparison of two seemingly different Latin American countries with regard to the degree of violence, Chile and Mexico, suggests that, far from being caused by the dysfunction of the legal system or other institutional factors, criminalization is a specific form of retrenching on well-established civil and political rights, rendering them synonymous with criminal behavior that must be sanctioned legally, and tolerates abusive behavior by state agents toward human rights defenders, who are viewed as enemies. As such, it is key to an understanding of the current violence in Latin America. Fieldwork and interviews of human rights defenders in the two countries suggest that criminalization of collective action is a systemic state response to the intense multifaceted mobilization in favor of democracy and new generations of rights that Latin America has been experiencing “from below” during the past decade. La criminalización de los movimientos y protestas sociales sigue siendo un problema intrínseco a la democracia pero es poco analizado como tal. Una comparación del grado de violencia en dos países latinoamericanos, Chile y México, sugiere que, lejos de ser el producto del sistema legal u otros factores institucionales, la criminalización es una forma específica de reducir derechos civiles y políticos bien establecidos y convertirlos en sinónimo de comportamiento criminal que debe ser sancionado legalmente. Dicho proceso tolera el comportamiento abusivo por parte de agentes del estado hacia defensores de los derechos humanos, quienes aparecen como enemigos. Esto es crucial para entender la actual violencia en América Latina. La criminalización de la acción colectiva es una respuesta estatal sistémica a una intensa y multifacética movilización de grupos de base a favor de la democracia y nuevos derechos en esta última década.

scholarly journals GASTO PÚBLICO Y CRECIMIENTO EN AMÉRICA LATINA: LA LEY DE WAGNER Y LA HIPÓTESIS DE KEYNES

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (316) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ramírez Cedillo ◽  
Francisco López Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Subject ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Latin American Countries

<p>Se analiza la relación del crecimiento económico con el gasto público de 16 países latinoamericanos de 1990 a 2017. Este trabajo contribuye a la literatura sobre el tema enfocándose en la región. Los resultados de un modelo para paneles cointegrados respaldan la ley de Wagner en el largo plazo y brindan evidencia parcial a favor de las hipótesis de Keynes en el corto plazo.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center">PUBLIC SPENDING AND GROWTH IN LATIN AMERICA:</p><p align="center">WAGNER´S LAW AND KEYNES’S HYPOTHESIS<strong></strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The relationship between economic growth and public spending in 16 Latin American countries from 1990 to 2017 is analyzed. This paper contributes to the literature on the subject focusing on the region. The results from a model of cointegrated panels support Wagner’s Law in the long term and provides partial evidence in favor of the Keynesian hypotheses in the short term.</p>

scholarly journals Sistemas de detección de disparos: ¿son eficaces para controlar la violencia con armas de fuego en América Latina?/ Gunshot detection systems: Are they effective in controlling firearms violence in Latin America?

2018 ◽  
pp. 128-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan R Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Main Operating

La violencia con armas de fuego es uno de los problemas sociales más grandes de América Latina. Desde hace algunos años, los sistemas de detección de disparos están cobrando relevancia en la región como una herramienta tecnológica que puede reducirla. Este artículo presenta una revisión de la tecnología de detección de disparos, e intenta examinar su utilización en algunos países de América Latina. Se resumen los principales atributos de funcionamiento de estos sistemas y se revisan investigaciones para evaluar su eficacia en el apoyo a la labor policial, la reducción de la violencia y los crímenes con armas de fuego. Con base en sus principios de funcionamiento y las diferencias urbanísticas y demográficas de las ciudades donde se utilizan, se examina cualitativamente el desempeño de los sistemas de detección de disparos en la región. Abstract Gun violence is one of the biggest social problems in Latin America. In recent years gunshot detection systems have been gaining relevance in the region as a technological tool that may reduce it. This article presents a review of gunshot detection technology, and attempt to examine its use in some Latin American countries. The main operating attributes of these systems are described, and researches conducted to evaluate their effectiveness in supporting police work and reducing gun violence and crimes are reviewed. Based upon the operating principles of these systems and considering the urban and demographic differences of the cities where they are used, the performance and effectiveness of the fire detection systems in the region are qualitatively examined.

scholarly journals APORTES Y RELEVANCIA DE COMISIONES NACIONALES EN MACROECONOMÍA Y SALUD PARA PAÍSES DE AMÉRICA LATINA

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (53) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Armando Arredondo López
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Health Reform ◽  
Central Axis ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
The World ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Latin American Countries

RESUMEN El presente artículo incluye los principales planteamientos sobre las experiencias y balances de las Comisiones Nacionales en Macroeconomía y Salud (CMES), centrando su análisis en la pertinencia y relevancia para los países de América Latina. A manera de introducción, la primera parte plantea algunas premisas de las relaciones entre reforma en salud, inversión y desarrollo, como parte del eje central que abordan las CMES en los países. Posteriormente, se dan los principales antecedentes, lineamientos, conformación e implementación de tales comisiones en el mundo y en países de América Latina. La segunda parte del documento incluye el análisis de aportes y avances de metas y estrategias como objeto de análisis de tales comisiones: indicadores de mortalidad, indicadores de financiamiento/inversión e indicadores de generación de conocimiento. Finalmente, a manera de conclusión se plantean de manera explícita las principales reflexiones a partir del desarrollo de las CMES y de las tendencias de los indicadores revisados, así como una lista de sugerencias a manera de lecciones aprendidas que podrían ser retomadas para el redimensionamiento de las comisiones ya implementadas; o bien, para la implementación de nuevas comisiones en países donde aún se encuentran de manera incipiente. ABSTRACT This article covers the main approaches based on the experience and reports of the National Commissions on Macroeconomics and Health (CMES), focusing their analysis on the relevance and significance for the Latin American countries. As an introduction, the first part of this paper poses some premises of the relationship between health reform, investment, and development as part of the central axis that the CMES approach in the countries. After that, the main background, guidelines, creation, and implementation of such commissions in the world and in Latin America are given. The second part of this document includes an analysis of contributions and goals and strategies advancement as an object of analysis of such committees: mortality, finance/investment, and knowledge generation indicators. Finally, as a conclusion, there is a detailed explanation of the main reflections from the development of the CMES and trends of the revised indicators, as well as a list of suggestions that can be considered as learned lessons that could be retaken up for the remodeling of the already implemented commissions or to the implementation of new committees in countries that have them still in a fledgling way.

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