Is It Really a Superfood? Quinoa and The Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Factors

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-412
Author(s):  
Cetin Sanlialp Sara*, Günay Seyda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
World Food ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The World ◽  
World Food Security

Quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) is a psudocereal plant which has been consumedfor 5000 years. It has attracted the attention all over the world because ofits adaptability to all climate conditions and its biological, nutritional importance.The year of 2013 was declared international quinoa year due to the fact that it is anold plant that contributes to world food security. Quinoa has rich nutritional valuefrom protein, essential aminoacid, minerals and vitamins. Also it contains saponins,phytosterols, phytoecdysteroids, phenolics that provides its biological activities. Thesecomponents may positively affect on health such as metobolic, gastrointestinal andcardiac influences but nowadays there are limited studies on human health. In thisreview, the cardiovascular effects of quinoa will be mentioned.Key words: antioxidant–biological activities–cardiovascular effects–quinoa–nutritional value

scholarly journals The impact of obesity on cardiovascular disease risk factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
The World

Obesity has emerged as the most potential cardiovascular risk factor and has raised concern among public and their health related issues not only in developed but also in developing countries. The Worldwide obesity occurrence has almost has gone three times since 1975. Research suggests there are about 775 million obese people in the World including adult, children, and adolescents. Nearly 50% of the children who are obese and overweight in Asia in are below 5 years. There is a steep incline of childhood obesity when compared to 1971 which is not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. A considerable amount of weight gain occurs during the transition phase from adolescence to young adulthood. It is also suggested that those adultswho were obese in childhood also remained obese in their adulthood with a higher metabolic risk than those who became obese in their adulthood. In India, the urban Indian female in the age group of 30-45 years have emerged as an 〝at risk population” for cardiovascular diseases. To understand how obesity can influence cardiovascular function, it becomes immense important to understand the changes which can take place in adipose tissue due to obesity. There are two proposed concepts explaining the inflammatory status of macrophage. The predominant cause of insulin resistance is obesity. Epidemiological and research studies have indicated that the pathogenesis of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction involves the development of a systemic, low-grade inflammatory state. It is becoming clear that targeting the pro-inflammatory pathwaymay provide a novel therapeutic approach to prevent insulin resistance, particularly in obesity inducedinsulin resistance. Some cost effective interventions that are feasible by all and can be implemented even in low-resource settings includes - population-wide and individual, which are recommended to be used in combination to reduce the greatest cardiovascular disease burden. The sixth target in the Global NCD action plan is to reduce the prevalence of hypertension by 25%. Reducing the incidence of hypertension by implementing population-wide policies to educe behavioral risk factors. Reducing cigarette smoking, body weight, blood pressure, blood cholesterol, and blood glucose all have a beneficial impact on major biological cardiovascular risk factors. A variety of lifestyle modifications have been shown, in clinical trials, to lower bloodpressure, includes weight loss, physical activity, moderation of alcohol intake, increased fresh fruit and vegetables and reduced saturated fat in the diet, reduction of dietary sodium intake, andincreased potassium intake. Also, trials of reduction of saturated fat and its partial replacement by unsaturated fats have improved dyslipidaemia and lowered risk of cardiovascular events. This initiative driven by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, State Governments, Indian Council of Medical Research and the World Health Organization are remarkable. The Government of India has adopted a national action plan for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) with specific targets to be achieved by 2025, including a 25% reduction inoverall mortality from cardiovascular diseases, a 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of raised blood pressure and a 30% reduction in salt/sodium intake. In a nutshell increased BMI values can predict the nature of obesity and its aftermaths in terms inflammation and other disease associated with obesity. It’s high time; we must realize it and keep an eye on health status in order to live long and healthy life.

scholarly journals Differences in the prevalence of physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors between people living at low (<1,001 m) compared to moderate (1,001–2,000 m) altitude

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-635
Author(s):  
Martin Burtscher ◽  
◽  
Grégoire P Millet ◽  
Jeannette Klimont ◽  
Johannes Burtscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Lifestyle Behavior ◽  
Climate Conditions

<abstract> <p>Living at moderate altitude (up to about 2,000 m) was shown to be associated with distinct health benefits, including lower mortality from cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. However, it remains unclear, whether those benefits are mainly due to environmental conditions (e.g., hypoxia, temperature, solar ultra-violet radiation) or differences in lifestyle behavior, including regular physical activity levels. This study aims to compare altitude-related differences in levels of physical activity and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes in an Alpine country. We interrogated the Austrian Health Interview Survey (ATHIS) 2019, a nationally representative study of persons aged over 15 years living in private Austrian households. The results confirm a higher prevalence of hypertension (24.2% vs. 16.8%) in men living at low (&lt;1,001 m) compared to those at moderate (1,001 to 2,000 m) altitude. Women living above 1,000 m tend to have a lower prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (14.8% vs. 18.8%) and diabetes (3.2% vs. 5.6%) than their lower living peers. Both sexes have lower average body mass index (BMI) when residing at moderate altitude (men: 25.7, women: 23.9) compared to those living lower (26.6 and 25.2). Severe obesity (BMI &gt; 40) is almost exclusively restricted to low altitude dwellers. Only men report to be more physically active on average when living higher (1,453 vs. 1,113 weekly MET minutes). These novel findings confirm some distinct benefits of moderate altitude residence on heath. Beside climate conditions, differences in lifestyle behavior, i.e., physical activity, have to be considered when interpreting those health-related divergences, and consequently also mortality data, between people residing at low and moderate altitudes.</p> </abstract>

scholarly journals Ecological aspects of the world food security

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 06011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kopteva ◽  
Lyudmila Shabalina ◽  
Elena Kashirina
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
World Food ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
The World ◽  
World Food Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Development Trend

The article identifies the main environmental factors affecting food security, based on the development trend of the main indicators of food security in the world. It is revealed that in the future, the impact of new technologies and climate change will become more important. The article defines a solution to the problem of world food security, which requires the cooperation of both the world community and international organizations.

Strategies to mitigate cardiovascular effects of noise and air pollution

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 3109-3110
Author(s):  
Thomas Münzel ◽  
Sanjay Rajagopalan ◽  
Mette Sørenson ◽  
Dave Newby ◽  
Robert D. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Pollutant Source ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Several studies suggest traffic-related air and noise pollution are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In general, efforts to mitigate air pollution and noise are complex endeavours as they involve addressing their sources, which vary depending on the country and region of the world and complex economic and geopolitical considerations. This chapter describes interventions and mitigating measures aimed at reducing both air and noise pollution emitted from traffic. Interventions identified with the greatest potential benefits largely focus on the air and noise pollutant source, such as reductions in traffic volume and air pollutant emissions.

scholarly journals Retrospective analysis of the cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients in Mongolia

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
B. Tsetsegdulam ◽  
T. M. Maksikova ◽  
A. N. Kalyagin ◽  
G. M. Orlova ◽  
G. M. Sinkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Health Organization

The review analyzes the structure of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with hypertension in Mongolia. According to the WHO data from 2014 the prevalence of hypertension in Mongolia is high among men and above medium level among women. In adults (≥ 18 years old), the prevalence of hypertension constituted 28,7% (25,8 % among men and 22,9 % among women), and when adjusted for age it achieved 31,8% (34,8% and 28,8 %, respectively). The most important modifable (non-nutritious food, low physical activity, smoking, alcohol abuse, obesity, hyperglycemia) and non-modifable risk factors of cardiovascular diseases are considered. We perform a comparative analysis of the Mongolian data with the data of the World Health Organization, the Russian Federation and other countries.

WORLD FOOD SECURITY IN COVID-19 CONDITIONS – PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION OF ISRAEL AND RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Cohen-Gath K. Cohen-Gath K. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Food Production ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Food ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
The World ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
World Food Security ◽  
Global Food

In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and the ensuing danger of the global economic crisis, the world economy has actually failed to ensure the global food security. The number of the world’s inhabitants at risk has increased by tens of millions after the pandemic. The task of each country is to make every eff ort to eliminate the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic and to ensure maximum food security for its citizens. Israel has recently made signifi cant achievements in the fi eld of innovative agriculture, so it off ers to implement its eff ective techniques on a wide scale. Cooperation between Israel and Russia, as well as mutual assistance in food production can make a signifi cant contribution to the solving strategies of the global food problem.

scholarly journals Statins and regression of organ damage

2013 ◽  
pp. 227-233
Author(s):  
Domenico Panuccio
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Plaque Size ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Vascular Bed

Atherosclerosis develops over the course of 50 years. It is a generally asymptomatic process that begins early in life in response to the stimuli of cardiovascular risk factors. The first step is a lipid retention, oxidation, and modification, which provokes chronic inflammation at susceptible sites in the walls of all major conduit arteries. Initial fatty streaks evolve into fibrous plaques, some of which develop into forms that are vulnerable to rupture, causing thrombosis or stenosis. Erosion of the surfaces of some plaques and rupture of a plaque’s calcific nodule into the artery lumen also may trigger thrombosis. It has been demonstrated that statins significantly affect the prognosis and outcome of patients either with or at risk of having cardiovascular atherosclerotic disease. Several studies suggested an extra-beneficial effect of statins, since they may affect the cardiovascular system beyond their effect on the lipid profile, through pleiotropic effects such as modulation of endothelial function, and reduction of inflammatory and immunological processes in the vascular bed. Thus, these drugs favorably alter atherosclerosis in term of plaque size, cellular composition, chemical composition, and biological activities.

scholarly journals The Cardiac Effects of Performance-Enhancing Medications: Caffeine vs. Anabolic Androgenic Steroids

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Sanjay Sivalokanathan ◽  
Łukasz A. Małek ◽  
Aneil Malhotra
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
The World ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Performance Enhancing Drugs ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Performance Enhancing

Several performance-enhancing or ergogenic drugs have been linked to both significant adverse cardiovascular effects and increased cardiovascular risk. Even with increased scrutiny on the governance of performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) in professional sport and heightened awareness of the associated cardiovascular risk, there are some who are prepared to risk their use to gain competitive advantage. Caffeine is the most commonly consumed drug in the world and its ergogenic properties have been reported for decades. Thus, the removal of caffeine from the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) list of banned substances, in 2004, has naturally led to an exponential rise in its use amongst athletes. The response to caffeine is complex and influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Whilst the evidence may be equivocal, the ability of an athlete to train longer or at a greater power output cannot be overlooked. Furthermore, its impact on the myocardium remains unanswered. In contrast, anabolic androgenic steroids are recognised PEDs that improve athletic performance, increase muscle growth and suppress fatigue. Their use, however, comes at a cost, afflicting the individual with several side effects, including those that are detrimental to the cardiovascular system. This review addresses the effects of the two commonest PEDs, one legal, the other prohibited, and their respective effects on the heart, as well as the challenge in defining its long-term implications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document