scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI KARAGUL-SAHIN APPROXIMATION METHOD UNTUK MEMINIMALISASI BIAYA PENDISTRIBUSIAN AIR PADA MASALAH TRANSPORTASI

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Sri Basriati ◽  
Elfira Safitri ◽  
Dinda Kurniyawan Nusantoro
Keyword(s):  
Approximation Method ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Basic Feasible Solution ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

Transportation problems such as transportation activities and allocation to reach consumers is one of the factors that determine the level of satisfaction. To find the level of customer satisfaction, it requires an appropriate and efficient transportation model. One of which is in the Air Minum Mata Air Sikumbang business owned by Mr. Zulfikar, located in Rumbio, Kampar. Based on the results of the study the cost of distributing drinking water is still not efficient because it still uses estimation and there is no separate technique used to allocate water distribution. The solution made in this study using the Karagul-Sahin Approximation Method for the initial basic feasible solution and Stepping Stone for the optimal solution value so as to obtain the distribution of water at a minimum cost. Based on research using the method of  Karagul-Sahin Approximation and Stepping Stone, a weekly cost savings of Rp.469.515,00 is obtained.

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI BIAYA TRANSPORTASI PENDISTRIBUSIAN KERAMIK MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TRANSPORTASI METODE STEPPING STONE (STUDI KASUS: PT. INDAH BANGUNAN)

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
N M A Pranati ◽  
A I Jaya ◽  
A Sahari
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Optimal Transportation ◽  
Initial Solution ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The City ◽  
Cost Of Transportation

PT. Indah Bangunan is a distributor of ceramics in the city of Palu. This study aims are to obtain the cost of an optimal transportation in ceramic distribution. To obtain the objectives of this research several steps are done, namely: by creating a model of the transportation of the data obtained, by determining the initial solution using the method of Vogel’s Aprproxumation, and by optimizing the solution using the of Stepping Stone.From the researchits are found that theinitial solution is .  and the optimal solution is  , while the cost of transportation from the company beforeoptimization is .000.It means that PT. Indah Bangunan Palu can optimize the costs of transport for the distribution of ceramics on September 2016 with a cost savings of  or .

scholarly journals MEMINIMUMKAN BIAYA DISTRIBUSI JERUK MENGGUNAKAN VOGELL’S APPROXIMATION METHOD DENGAN UJI OPTIMAL STEPPING STONE

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
MOH. GHISTA KUSUMA SHAFARDA ◽  
NI MADE ASIH ◽  
G.K. GANDHIADI
Keyword(s):  
Approximation Method ◽  
Feasible Solution ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Optimal Test ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Cost Distribution ◽  
Initial Feasible Solution ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

The objective of this reseach is to know the minimum cost distribution of citrus using Vogell's approximation method with stepping stone optimal test. Vogell's approximation method (VAM) is one of the preparation methods of initial feasible solution tables by determining the allocation of distribution on the cell that has the smallest cost and is located on the row or column that has the greatest value of the difference between the two smallest costs. The stepping stone method aims to test the initial solution table by calculating the cost of empty cells passed by the stepping stone path. The research that has been done shows the cost that before the optimization of the distributing costs of kintamani citrus by kintamani citrus farmers using Vogell's approximation method and stepping stone optimal test, it’s obtained that the costs are 85.338.161 rupiahs, while the cost of distributing kintamani citrus by kintamani citrus farmers after the optimization is 75.710.570 rupiahs.

scholarly journals Least-looping stepping-stone-based ASM approach for transportation and triangular intuitionistic fuzzy transportation problems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kedar Nath Das ◽  
Rajeev Das ◽  
Debi Prasanna Acharjya
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Transportation Engineering ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Solution Quality ◽  
Transportation Problems ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Real World Problem ◽  
Statistical Results ◽  
Made In

AbstractTransportation problem (TP) is a popular branch of Linear Programming Problem in the field of Transportation engineering. Over the years, attempts have been made in finding improved approaches to solve the TPs. Recently, in Quddoos et al. (Int J Comput Sci Eng (IJCSE) 4(7): 1271–1274, 2012), an efficient approach, namely ASM, is proposed for solving crisp TPs. However, it is found that ASM fails to provide better optimal solution in some cases. Therefore, a new and efficient ASM appoach is proposed in this paper to enhance the inherent mechanism of the existing ASM method to solve both crisp TPs and Triangular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Transportation Problems (TIFTPs). A least-looping stepping-stone method has been employed as one of the key factors to improve the solution quality, which is an improved version of the existing stepping-stone method (Roy and Hossain in, Operation research Titus Publication, 2015). Unlike stepping stone method, least-looping stepping-stone method only deals with few selected non-basic cells under some prescribed conditions and hence minimizes the computational burden. Therefore, the framework of the proposed method (namely LS-ASM) is a combination of ASM (Quddoos et al. 2012) and least-looping stepping-stone approach. To validate the performance of LS-ASM, a set of six case studies and a real-world problem (those include both crisp TPs and TIFTPs) have been solved. The statistical results obtained by LS-ASM have been well compared with the existing popular modified distribution (MODI) method and the original ASM method, as well. The statistical results confirm the superiority of the LS-ASM over other compared algorithms with a less computationl effort.

THE PRICE OF NASH EQUILIBRIA IN MULTICAST TRANSMISSION GAMES

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 97-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
VITTORIO BILÒ
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Cost Sharing ◽  
Price Of Anarchy ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Price Of Stability ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Cost Share ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
The Cost

We consider the problem of sharing the cost of multicast transmissions in non-cooperative undirected networks where a set of receivers R wants to be connected to a common source s. The set of choices available to each receiver r ∈ R is represented by the set of all (s, r)-paths in the network. Given the choices performed by all the receivers, a public known cost sharing method determines the cost share to be charged to each of them. Receivers are selfish agents aiming to obtain the transmission at the minimum cost share and their interactions create a non-cooperative game. Devising cost sharing methods yielding games whose price of anarchy (price of stability), defined as the worst-case (best-case) ratio between the cost of a Nash equilibrium and that of an optimal solution, is not too high is thus of fundamental importance in non-cooperative network design. Moreover, since cost sharing games naturally arise in socio-economical contests, it is convenient for a cost sharing method to meet some constraining properties. In this paper, we first define several such properties and analyze their impact on the prices of anarchy and stability. We also reconsider all the methods known so far by classifying them according to which properties they satisfy and giving the first non-trivial lower bounds on their price of stability. Finally, we propose a new method, namely the free-riders method, which admits a polynomial time algorithm for computing a pure Nash equilibrium whose cost is at most twice the optimal one. Some of the ideas characterizing our approach have been independently proposed in Ref. 10.

scholarly journals EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF RECONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS OF MASS SERIES BY VALUE INDICATORS

2021 ◽  
pp. 047-054
Author(s):  
Е. V. Alenicheva ◽  
О. N. Kozhukhina
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Standard Series ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators ◽  
Made In

Possible solutions for reconstruction of residential buildings of standard series are considered. The analysis of studies on the reconstruction of buildings in the world practice is conducted. The existing methods of technical and economic assessment of the effectiveness of the reconstruction of apartment buildings are analyzed. Using the example of the housing stock of the Tambov region, a study of the values of the technical and economic indicators of the space-planning solution of the building was carried out; the cost estimation of reconstruction with the construction of superstructures or extensions to the building was made in order to find the most optimal solution.

OIL AND THE ENVIRONMENT - CALIFORNIA CASE STUDY

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
D. W. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Shadow Price ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Gulf Of Alaska ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

USA environmentalists have tended to oppose all new energy developments. Their efforts may be counterproductive because opposition to, say, offshore oil directly leads to the continued use of other energy sources that may have a higher social cost. Rather than attempting to eliminate all pollution from energy production, which would be prohibitively expensive, one should minimize the social cost of energy production for the given demand.Linear programming is used to rank various oils (California State and Outer Continental Shelf (OCS), Gulf of Alaska, Prudhoe Bay, Athabasca tar sands, oil shale and certain foreign crudes) in terms of their social desirability. The objective is to minimize the cost of supplying the California market, subject to resource, sulphur and oil spill constraints.Social desirability is indicated by the inclusion of the oil in the optimal solution and the size of the associated shadow price. The larger the shadow price, the greater the benefits of increased production. The more negative, the greater the cost associated with forcing consumption of that fuel. The environmental shadow prices indicate the size of the trade-off between a particular environmental standard and minimum cost. The trade-offs can be surprisingly large. Any reasonable spill standard can be achieved by changing the development pattern. Generally, the further offshore, the smaller is the environmental degradation, but the more expensive is the oil. Foreign oils can be economically and environmentally inferior to domestic oils. Crude from the California OCS, San Joaquin Valley and Prudhoe Bay appears a valuable resource, while the Gulf of Alaska, synthetic and foreign crudes appear marginal to submarginal.The methodology could be readily adapted to the Australian scene.

Drug Dispensing by Physicians: Promoter's Claims Examined

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-509
Author(s):  
Mary H. Andritz ◽  
Matthew P. Rogan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Savings ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Drug Dispensing ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Insurance Reimbursement ◽  
Prescribing Trends ◽  
Physician Dispensing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

Experience in private pediatric practice is used to illustrate some potential advantages and disadvantages to patients and physicians of drug dispensing by physicians. Projections were based on the prescribing trends in the practice, the extent of patients' insurance reimbursement for prescriptions, the laws regarding dispensing, and the costs incurred when physicians purchase selected medications from a repackager or when patients procure them at a community pharmacy. Patients without insurance for prescriptions can potentially save money by purchasing medication at the physician's office but, in general, only if the physician's dispensing fee is minimal. Potential profits to physicians would be cut by an estimated 50% because of third-party enrollees choosing to have prescriptions filled at a pharmacy because of cost savings. Net profits are further reduced and may even be eliminated when the cost of physician and staff time to prepare, label, reorder, and maintain necessary records regarding dispensed medication are considered. Although it may be convenient for the patient to obtain initial supplies of medication at the time of an office visit, obtaining refills may be less convenient. The time and paperwork involved in dispensing by a physician cannot be considered as minimal interruptions in normal office procedure. The broad, attractive claims made in support of physician dispensing by physicians clearly overstate the benefits both to patients and to physicians.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI PENDISTRIBUSIAN AIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE LEAST COST DAN METODE MODIFIED DISTRIBUTION (Studi Kasus: PDAM Kabupaten Minahasa Utara)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Claudia Nelwan ◽  
John S Kekenusa ◽  
Yohanes A.R Langi
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Plan ◽  
Priority Allocation

OPTIMASI PENDISTRIBUSIAN AIR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE LEAST COST DAN METODE MODIFIED DISTRIBUTION (Studi Kasus: PDAM Kabupaten Minahasa Utara) ABSTRAK Model optimasi merupakan salah satu model analisis sistem yang diindentikkan dengan operation research. Model transportasi berkaitan dengan penentuan rencana biaya terendah untuk mengirimkan satu barang dari sejumlah sumber (misalnya, pabrik) ke sejumlah tujuan (misalnya, gudang). Prinsip kerja metode least cost ialah pemberian prioritas pengalokasian yang mempunyai ongkos satuan terkecil (biaya per unit terkecil). Metode MODI (Modified Distribution) merupakan metode penyelesaian kasus transportasi yang di kembangkan dari metode stepping stone. Tujuan penelitian ini, menentukan distribusi air yang optimal dengan biaya distribusi yang minimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya operasional yang dikeluarkan sebelum dilakukan minimalisasi yaitu Rp. 603.364.240 dan biaya operasional yang dikeluarkan setelah diminimalisasi menggunakan metode least cost yaitu Rp. 588.814.656. Kata kunci : Least cost, modified distribution, optimasi, pendistribusian air   OPTIMIZATION OF WATER DISTRIBUTION USING LEAST COST METHOD AND MODIFIED DISTRIBUTION METHOD (Case Study on PDAM North Minahasa District) ABSTRACT Optimization model is one of model in system analysis model identified with operations research. Transport models related to the determination of the lowest cost plan to send an item from a source to a destination. The procedure of the least cost method is giving priority allocation that has the smallest unit cost (cost per unit of the smallest). MODI method (Modified Distribution) is a method of resolving cases of transport that was developed methods stepping stone. The objective from the reseach is determining optimal water distribution with the cost of minimum. The research that has been gained operating costs incurred prior to the minimization of Rp. 603.364.240 and operating cost incurred after minimized using the least cost method is Rp. 588.814.656. Keywords: Least cost, modified distribution, optimization, water distribution

scholarly journals Optimization of open flow controller placement in software defined networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 3145
Author(s):  
Raghda Salam Al mahdawi ◽  
Huda M. Salih
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Open Flow ◽  
Processing Power ◽  
Input Size ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Network Topologies ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cost

The world is entering into the era of Big Data where computer networks are an essential part. However, the current network architecture is not very convenient to configure such leap. Software defined network (SDN) is a new network architecture which argues the separation of control and data planes of the network devices by centralizing the former in high level, centralised devices and efficient supervisors, called controllers. This paper proposes a mathematical model that helps optimizing the locations of the controllers within the network while minimizing the overall cost under realistic constrains. Our method includes finding the minimum cost of placing the controllers; these costs are the network latency, controller processing power and link bandwidth. Different types of network topologies have been adopted to consider the data profile of the controllers, links of controllers and locations of switches. The results showed that as the size of input data increased, the time to find the optimal solution also increased in a non-polynomial time. In addition, the cost of solution is increased linearly with the input size. Furthermore, when increasing allocating possible locations of the controllers, for the same number of switches, the cost was found to be less.

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI MASALAH TRANSSHIPMENT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN VOGEL APPROXIMATION METHOD PADA DISTRIBUSI PLASTIK DI PT. SENTOSA PLASTIK MEDAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swandi . Simanjorang ◽  
Faiz . Ahyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Approximation Method ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
North West ◽  
Distribution Costs ◽  
Distribution Process ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Itu Model ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

AbstrakPenelitian ini mengkaji hasil model transshipment dari proses pendistribusian barang di PT Sentosa Plastik Medan dengan menggunakan program WinQSB. Selain itu, model transshipment proses pendistribusian barang oleh perusahaan dibandingkan dengan model transshipment yang dihasilkan oleh program Solver.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode dokumentasi, metode wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari perusahaan. Adapun uraian dari metode-metode transshipment adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Metode untuk menyusun tabel awal antara lain Metode Sudut Barat Laut atau North West Corner Method (NWC), Metode Biaya Terkecil atau Least Cost Method, Vogell’s Aproximation Method atau VAM. (2) Model pegujian optimalitas algoritma transportasi antara lain Stepping Stone Method; dan Modified Distribution Method atau MODI. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa selisih biaya pendistribusian untuk seluruh produk kain mori dengan menggunakan program WinQSB adalah sebesar Rp. 22.561.250,- lebih kecil dibandingkan hasil perhitungan perusahaan sebesar Rp.35.488.750,- Ini berarti terdapat selisih antara biaya pendistribusian yang menggunakan program WinQSB dengan biaya pendistribusian yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan yaitu sebesar Rp 12.927.500,-. Jadi biaya pendistribusian masih dapat diminimalkan sebesar 36,4%. Akan tetapi, sebelum melakukan tindakan lanjutan. Perusahaan juga perlu mempertimbangkan mengenai aspek dilapangan untuk meminimalkan biaya pendistribusian yang adaKata Kunci: Biaya Pendistribusian, Optimalisasi, WinQSB, dan Transshipment, Vogel Approximation Method (VAM)ABSTRACTThis study examines the results of the model transshipment of goods distribution process in PT Sentosa Plastic Medan using WinQSB program. In addition, the process of distributing goods transshipment models by the company compared to the transshipment models produced by the Solver program. The method used in this research is the method of documentation, interviews, and literature. Data in this study were obtained from the company. The description of the methods of transshipment is as follows: (1) A method for preparing the initial table among other methods Northwest Angle or North West Corner Method (NWC), or Least Least Cost Method Cost Method, Vogell's aproximation Method or VAM. (2) Model test of optimality transport algorithms include Stepping Stone Method; and Modified Distribution Method or MODI. The research showed that the difference in the cost of distribution for all products cloth using WinQSB program is Rp. 22.56125 , - lower than the calculation results of the company for Rp.35.488.750, - This means that there is a difference between the cost of distribution that uses WinQSB program at a cost of distribution conducted by the company in the amount of Rp. 12.9275 -. So the cost of distribution can still be minimized by 36.4%. However, before making any further action. Companies also need to consider the aspect of the field to minimize the cost of existing distribution. Keywords: Distribution Costs, Optimizing, WinQSB, and Transshipment, Vogel Approximation Method (VAM)

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