scholarly journals Should compulsive sexual behavior (CSB) be considered as a behavioral addiction? A debate paper presenting the opposing view

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eli Sassover ◽  
Aviv Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Sexual Addiction ◽  
Behavioral Addiction ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Opposing View

AbstractBackground and aimsCompulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) has been a long debated issue. While formerly the discussion was about whether to regard CSBD as a distinctive disorder, the current debate is dealing with the classification of this phenomenon. One of the prominent voices in this field considers CSBD as a behavioral addiction and proposes CSBD to be called and diagnosed as sexual addiction (SA). This present debate paper will review the existing evidence supporting this view and it will argue against it.ResultsWe have found that a great deal of the current literature is anecdotal while empirical evidence is insufficient. First, the reports about the prevalence of CSBD are contradictory. Additionally, the field mainly suffers from inconsistent defining criteria of CSBD and a consensus which symptoms should be included. As a result, the empirical evidence that does exist is mostly about some symptoms individually and not on the disorder as a whole construct.ConclusionsWe conclude that currently, there is not enough data supporting CSBD as a behavioral addiction. Further research has to be done, examining CSBD phenomenology as a whole construct and based on a homogeneous criterion.

scholarly journals What should be included in the criteria for compulsive sexual behavior disorder?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Gola ◽  
Karol Lewczuk ◽  
Marc N. Potenza ◽  
Drew A. Kingston ◽  
Joshua B. Grubbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Exclusion Criterion ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategy

AbstractCompulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is currently defined in the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as an impulse control disorder. Criteria for hypersexual disorder (HD) had been proposed in 2010 for the fifth revision of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5). In this article, we compare differences between HD and CSBD and discuss their relevance.Significant differences between HD and CSBD criteria include: (1) the role of sexual behavior as a maladaptive coping and emotion regulation strategy listed in criteria for HD but not in those for CSBD; (2) different exclusionary criteria including bipolar and substance use disorders in HD but not in CSBD, and (3) inclusion of new considerations in CSBD, such as moral incongruence (as an exclusion criterion), and diminished pleasure from sexual activity. Each of these aspects has clinical and research-related implications. The inclusion of CSBD in the ICD-11 will have a significant impact on clinical practice and research. Researchers should continue to investigate core and related features of CSBD, inlcuding those not included in the current criteria, in order to provide additional insight into the disorder and to help promote clinical advances.

Non-Paraphilic Hypersexual Disorder – Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder or Sexual Addiction

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Delcea
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Hypersexual Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Health Organization

The conceptualization of excessive sexual behavior has been intensely debated over the years, and the concept of hypersexuality is still controversial. After long debates, the indexation in ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, World Health Organization, 2018) of excessive and problematic sexual behavior as a compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is welcome. There are still debates about the category of the disorder. In ICD-11, CSBD is classified as an impulse control disorder, but this classification is controversial, as there is evidence that CSBD has many addictive features (Kraus et al., 2016). Although the diagnosis of hypersexual disorder, proposed by Kafka, was not included in the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, American Psychiatric Association, 2013), this diagnosis was supported by both clinical contexts as well as by some research that indicates that excessive sexual behavior can have serious consequences in an individual’s life (Kafka, 2010; Kaplan & Krueger, 2010, Reid et al., 2012). Understanding, defining and correctly diagnosing this disorder are important prerequisites for proper treatment, and allow also warning of certain risk factors for the development of this disorder.

scholarly journals Neurochemical and Hormonal Contributors to Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Chatzittofis ◽  
Adrian Desai E. Boström ◽  
Josephine Savard ◽  
Katarina Görts Öberg ◽  
Stefan Arver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Hormonal Factors ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Abstract   Purpose of Review Compulsive sexual behavior disorder has been recently included in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), and the possible contribution of neurochemical and hormonal factors have been reported. However, relatively little is known concerning the neurobiology underlying this disorder. The aim of this article is to review and discuss published findings in the area. Recent Findings Evidence suggests that the neuroendocrine systems are involved in the pathophysiology of compulsive sexual behavior. The hypothalamus-pituitary adrenal axis, the hypothalamus-pituitary–gonadal axis, and the oxytocinergic system have been implicated. Summary Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact involvement of neuroendocrine and hormonal systems in compulsive sexual behavior disorder. Prospective longitudinal studies are particularly needed, especially those considering co-occurring psychiatric disorders and obtaining hormonal assessments in experimental circumstances with appropriate control groups.

scholarly journals An empirical study of affective and cognitive functions in Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Draps ◽  
Guillaume Sescousse ◽  
Mateusz Wilk ◽  
Katarzyna Obarska ◽  
Izabela Szumska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Stop Signal Task ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Delay Task ◽  
Sensorimotor Systems ◽  
Punishment Sensitivity ◽  
Positive Valence

AbstractBackground and aimsDespite the inclusion of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) in the International Classification of Diseases, very little is known about the underlying affective and cognitive processes. To fill this gap, we compared CSBD subjects and Healthy-Controls (HC) across negative/positive valence, cognitive and sensorimotor systems, as proposed by the Research Domain Criteria framework.Methods74 heterosexual CSBD and 66 matched HC males were studied with 10 questionnaires and 8 behavioral tasks. Analyses were conducted with frequent and Bayesian statistics.ResultsCSBD individuals showed significantly higher (than HC) punishment sensitivity, anxiety, depression, compulsivity, and impulsivity symptoms. Frequentist statistical analysis revealed significant interaction between subject group and condition in Incentive Delay Task, concerning the strength of motivation and hedonic value of erotic rewards. Bayesian analysis produced evidence for the absence of group differences in Facial Discrimination Task, Risk-Ambiguity Task, and Learning Task. Also, Bayesian methods provided evidence for group differences in the Emotional Stroop Task and the Incentive Delay Task. Sexual Discounting Task, Attentional Network Task, and Stop Signal Task produced mixed results.ConclusionsHigher punishment sensitivity and impulsivity among CSBD subjects, along with significant interaction between these groups and erotic vs. non-erotic reward processing is in line with previous findings on negative/positive valence alterations in CSBD patients. This result shows that there are similarities to substance and behavioral addictions. The absence of group differences and mixed results related to cognitive and sensorimotor systems raise concerns to what extent CSBD resembles a wide spectrum of impairments observed in disorders, and demand further research.

scholarly journals Occurrence and clinical characteristics of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD): A cluster analysis in two independent community samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-468
Author(s):  
J. Castro-Calvo ◽  
M. D. Gil-Llario ◽  
C. Giménez-García ◽  
B. Gil-Juliá ◽  
R. Ballester-Arnal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Sensation Seeking ◽  
Data Driven Approach

AbstractBackground and aimsCompulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is characterized by a persistent failure to control intense and recurrent sexual impulses, urges, and/or thoughts, resulting in repetitive sexual behavior that causes a marked impairment in important areas of functioning. Despite its recent inclusion in the forthcoming ICD-11, concerns regarding its assessment, diagnosis, prevalence or clinical characteristics remain. The purpose of this study was to identify participants displaying CSBD through a novel data-driven approach in two independent samples and outline their sociodemographic, sexual, and clinical profile.MethodsSample 1 included 1,581 university students (females = 56.9%; Mage = 20.58) whereas sample 2 comprised 1,318 community members (females = 43.6%; Mage = 32.37). First, we developed a new composite index to assess the whole range of CSBD symptoms based on three previously validated scales. Based on this new composite index, we subsequently identified individuals with CSBD through a cluster analytic approach.ResultsThe estimated occurrence of CSBD was 10.12% in sample 1 and 7.81% in sample 2. Participants with CSBD were mostly heterosexual males, younger than respondents without CSBD, reported higher levels of sexual sensation seeking and erotophilia, an increased offline and especially online sexual activity, more depressive and anxious symptoms, and poorer self-esteem.ConclusionsThis research provides further evidence on the occurrence of CSBD based on an alternative data-driven approach, as well as a detailed and nuanced description of the sociodemographic, sexual, and clinical profile of adults with this condition. Clinical implications derived from these findings are discussed in detail.

scholarly journals The development of the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale (CSBD-19): An ICD-11 based screening measure across three languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beáta Bőthe ◽  
Marc N. Potenza ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths ◽  
Shane W. Kraus ◽  
Verena Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Compulsive Sexual Behavior ◽  
Negative Consequences

AbstractBackgroundCompulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is included in the eleventh edition of The International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as an impulse-control disorder.AimsThe aim of the present work was to develop a scale (Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale–CSBD-19) that can reliably and validly assess CSBD based on ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines.MethodFour independent samples of 9,325 individuals completed self-reported measures from three countries (the United States, Hungary, and Germany). The psychometric properties of the CSBD-19 were examined in terms of factor structure, reliability, measurement invariance, and theoretically relevant correlates. A potential threshold was determined to identify individuals with an elevated risk of CSBD.ResultsThe five-factor model of the CSBD-19 (i.e., control, salience, relapse, dissatisfaction, and negative consequences) had an excellent fit to the data and demonstrated appropriate associations with the correlates. Measurement invariance suggested that the CSBD-19 functions similarly across languages. Men had higher means than women. A score of 50 points was found as an optimal threshold to identify individuals at high-risk of CSBD.ConclusionsThe CSBD-19 is a short, valid, and reliable measure of potential CSBD based on ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines. Its use in large-scale, cross-cultural studies may promote the identification and understanding of individuals with a high risk of CSBD.

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